SILK GOODS MANUFACTURING AND DYEING. CONTENTS. PART I.-GENERAL SURVEY OF THE INDUSTRY. CHAP R II.-Racial displacements: Ped of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and nembers of their households.... Industrial condition abroad of members immigrant households studied.. Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United eupation of males at the present time, in the households studied. General oupation of women at the present time, in the households studied. Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied. Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied. The immigrant and organized labor. CHAPTER V.-Housing and living conditions: Age classification of employees and members of their households.. CHAPTER VII.-General progress and assimilation: Reasons for locating the industry in the Pennsylvania anthracite coal Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. Hours of work per day and week in the industry Effect of improved machinery upon industry and employees. Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. Racial classification of employees at the present time.... CHAPTER III.-Economic status: PART III-SILK DYEING. SILK GOODS MANUFACTURING AND DYEING. Growth of the industry-Increase in the number of employees-Territory studiedHouseholds studied-Members of households for whom detailed information was secured The preparation of the report-Employees for whom information was secured [Text Tables 1 to 8 and General Tables 1 to 3]. During the past thirty years the silk goods manufacturing industry has undergone a remarkable expansion. In 1880 the capital invested in the industry in the United States amounted to only $19,125,300 and the annual output was only $41,033,045, as contrasted with a capital commitment of $109,556,621 in 1905 and an annual production to the value of $133,288,072. The growth of the industry in the United States and in the principal silk goods manufacturing States during the period 1880-1905 is shown in the table which immediately follows: Connecticut.... PART L-GENERAL SURVEY OF THE INDUSTRY. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. TABLE 1.-Growth of the silk goods manufacturing industry in the United States and in selected States, 1880-1905. From United States Census Report, Manufactures, 1905, Part III, Table 16.] New Jersey... New York.. GROWTH OF THE INDUSTRY. Pennsylvania....... United States.. From the standpoint of recent immigration the most significant feature in connection with the growth of the silk industry has been the resultant increase in the number of employees due to the fact that the necessary operatives have been obtained largely from among recent immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. The expansion of the operating force of the industry may be readily understood from the fact that only 31,337 wage-earners were employed in 1880, as contrasted with 79,601 in the year 1905. The table below shows the increase in the number of operatives in the United States as a whole and in the principal producing States during the period 1880– 1905: Connecticut.. TABLE 2.-Increase in the number of silk goods wage-earners in the United States and in selected States, 1880-1905. [From United States Census Report, Manufactures, 1905, Part III, Table 16.] New Jersey.. New York.. Pennsylvania..... INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES. United States..... HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED. 3,306 2,763 1,540 785 11,361 11,279 7,773 4,696 3,664 3,149 4,456 2,405 6,318 5,214 2,420 1,000 Women 16 years of age or over. 4, 187 3,585 3,301 1,990 12.947 11,679 8,773 5,360 7,211 4,299 7,983 5,459 15,863 11,565 5,617 1,870 45, 198 27,037 24,206 34,797 17,602 28,914 Children under 16 years of age. 299 166 123 653 1,173 1, 199 899 2,493 408 413 280 1,769 4,734 4,249 1,293 319 7.366 6,413 2,866 5,566 The investigation of the industry was restricted to the principal silk goods producing localities of the Middle and New England States, special emphasis being placed upon Paterson, N. J., and the anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania. A total of 272 households the heads of which were employed in the industry, were studied in detail. In the following table the number of households studied is shown according to general nativity and race of head of household: TABLE 3.-Households studied, by general nativity and race of head of household: Pater son, N. J. (STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.) Armenian... Italian, North. Syrian.. Native-born of native father, White.. Grand total.. 28 53 Total native-born.. 25 7.7 10.3 19.5 19.9 24.3 9.2 General nativity and race of head of household. General nativity and race of Foreign-born-Continued. Grand total. Total native-born.. Total foreign-born.. Of the 272 households studied in this industry, 92.3 per cent are households the heads of which are foreign-born and 7.7 per cent are those the heads of which are native-born of native father. Among the households the heads of which are foreign-born, the South Italian households constitute a slightly larger proportion of the total number of households studied than do the North Italian or Hebrew households, and a very much larger proportion than do the Armenian, Polish, or Syrian households, the Polish and Syrian households each constituting 9.2 per cent of the total number of households studied. MEMBERS OF HOUSEHOLDS FOR WHOM DETAILED INFORMATION WAS SECURED. The table next presented sets forth, by general nativity and race of head of household, the persons in the households studied and the persons for whom detailed information was secured: Total number of house holds. TABLE 4.-Persons in households studied and persons for whom detailed information was secured, by general nativity and race of head of household: Paterson, N. J. (STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.) Persons in house- Households. 79 123 242 227 346 120 109 Per cent Number. distribution. 25 1,246 79 1,167 272 6.3 9.9 19.4 18.2 27.8 9.6 8.7 21 251 100.0 6.3 93.7 Per cent Per cent tion. tion. 9.2 100.0 7.7 92.3 Persons for whom detailed information was secured. |
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