Preface to First Edition

Preface to Third Edition

Preface to Fourth Edition

CONTENTS

I-INTRODUCTION

1. The Statement of the Immigration Problem.

2. Establishment of Immigration Commission to Study

Problem

Physical, Mental and Moral Characteristics

Political and Social Institutions

Industrial Conditions

5. Need of Impartial Study of Remedies

Nature of Its Work

3. Principles upon which American Civilization is Based

4. Subjects Treated in Determining Effects of Immigra-

tion upon American Standards.

PAGE

xix

xxi

.xxiv

II-CAUSES OF IMMIGRATION

1. Escape from Religious or Political Persecution

2. At Present, Motive Primarily Economic

3. Wages and Standards of Living Much Lower in

Europe than in the United States

4. Military Service

5. Effect of Emigration upon European Countries

6. Attitude of European Governments Toward Emigra-

tion.

.

10. Immediate Inducement of Immigration

The Returned Immigrant .

Steamship and Railway Companies

Assisted Emigration.

11. Influence of Immigrant Banks and Agencies in

America

1

3

4

5

. 15

7. Effect Upon the United States of the Return to

Europe of the Immigrant.

8. How Far Does America Need a Cheap Labor Supply 18

9. What is the True Demand for Labor

14

III-CHARACTERISTICS OF IMMIGRANTS WHICH

AFFECT AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS PAGE

1. Political and Social Institutions Molded by Condi-

tions

2. Character and Extent of Immigration May Seriously

Affect American Institutions

3. Countries of Origin and Character of the Early and

Late Immigration.

4. The Mentally Defective.

5. Paupers

6. Crime.

Efficiency of Inspection in Europe

Hospital Investigation

Racial or National Tendencies

IV-SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF RECENT IMMIGRATION

1. Difficulty of Special Studies

2. Legislation .

3. Diseased Immigrants .

Difficulty of Administration of the Law

Classes of Crime . .

New Measures Needed

7. Birth-Rate Among Immigrants and Their Descend-

ants

Women Bearing No Children

Average Number of Children

Relation of Years of Married Life to Birth-

Rate, by Races

24

24

41

42

CONTENTS

8. The Social Evil and the White-Slave Traffic

Economic Causes

Races

Motives.

Methods of Entry and Exploitation

9. Results of Traffic

10. Legislation and Administration

11. Importance Attached to the Social Effects of Immi-

gration

VI-RECENT IMMIGRANTS IN AGRICULTURE

1. The Returns of the Thirteenth Census

2. The Older Immigration from Northern and Western

Europe

4. Italians in Agriculture

5. Italians in the Southern States

6. Italians in New York State

V—MANUFACTURING AND MINING COMMUNITIES
1. The Extent to Which Immigrant Colonies Exist
2. Types of Immigrant Communities

3. Segregation of the Immigrant Population
4. The Significance of Immigrant Communities

7. Rural Hebrew Communities

8. The Poles in Agriculture

9. The Bohemian Farmer

10. Other Recent Immigrant Farmers

11. Seasonal Agricultural Laborers

12. The Dearth of Farm Labor

3. The Recent Agricultural Immigrants from Southern

and Eastern Europe

13. Why the Immigrant Does Not Go to the Land

14. Getting the Immigrant on the Land.

The Term Immigrant Bank a Misnomer

2. The Origin of Immigrant Banks

3. Ownership and Organization

4. Banking Functions-Deposits

Transmission of Money Abroad

ix

PAGE

64

64

66

70

71

76

. 78

66

66

66

67

68

104

. 105

. 106

109

. 110

113

5. The Unsoundness of Immigrant Banks

Attempts at Regulation

6. The Immigrant Press

7. Immigrant Churches.

8. Fraternal and Other Organizations

9. Immigrant Business Establishments

10. Coffee Houses and Saloons

VIII-LIVING CONDITIONS AND CONGESTION

1. In Large Cities:

Congestion of Population a Serious Evil. . 127

Methods of Investigation

. 127

Length of Residence in United States a Factor 129

Overcrowding in Rooms

131

Overcrowding in Sleeping-rooms

. 132

133

134

135

· 136

137

138

Causes of Congested Districts

2. Industrial Cities and Towns

139

140

"The Boarding Boss System"

Overcrowding

140

141

Congestion in Sleeping-rooms

143

Rent in Its Relation to Standard of Living 143

Tendencies Exhibited by Recent Immigrants. 144

Types of Immigrant Households.
145

Boarders and Lodgers

Rent.

Home Ownership .

Care of Home: Sanitation

Water Supply .

Incomes.

PAGE

115

117

. 118

€ 119

. 121

122

. 126

.

Weekly Earnings of Males

Weekly Earnings of Females

Daily Earnings of Males

Daily Earnings of Females

IX-THE STATUS OF IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES

1. Racial Classification of Industrial Workers . . 147

2. Length of Residence of Immigrant Employees . 152

3. Reason for the Employment of Southern and East-

ern Europeans

152

€ 153

4. Occupations of Immigrants

5. Weekly and Daily Earnings According to Race, Age,

Sex, and Industry

154

160

161

163

. 165