SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING DEMONSTRATION ACT OF 1974 [Public Law 93-409; 88 Stat. 1069; 42 U.S.C. 5501] That this Act may be cited as the "Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Act of 1974". FINDINGS AND POLICY SEC. 2. (a) The Congress hereby finds that— (1) the current imbalance between supply and demand for fuels and energy is likely to persist for some time; (2) the early demonstration of the feasibility of using solar energy for the heating and cooling of buildings could help to relieve the demand upon present fuel and energy supplies; (3) the technologies for solar heating are close to the point of commercial application in the United States; (4) the technologies for combined solar heating and cooling still require research, development, testing and demonstration, but no insoluble technical problem is now foreseen in achieving commercial use of such technologies; (5) the early development and export of viable solar heating equipment and combined solar heating and cooling equipment, consistent with the established preeminence of the United States in the field of high technology products, can make a valuable contribution to our balance of trade; (6) the widespread use of solar energy in place of conventional methods for the heating and cooling of buildings would have a significantly beneficial effect upon the environment; (7) the mass production and use of solar heating and cooling equipment will help to eliminate the dependence of the United States upon foreign energy sources and promote the national defense; (8) the widespread introduction of low-cost solar energy will be beneficial to consumers in a period of rapidly rising fuel cost; (9) innovation and creativity in the development of solar heating and combined solar heating and cooling components and systems can be fostered through encouraging direct contact between the manufacturers of such systems and the architects, engineers, developers, contractors, and other persons interested in installing such systems in buildings; (10) evaluation of the performance and reliability of solar heating and combined solar heating and cooling technologies can be expedited by testing under carefully controlled conditions; and (11) commercial application of solar heating and combined solar heating and cooling technologies can be expedited by early commercial demonstration under practical conditions. (b) It is therefore declared to be the policy of the United States and the purpose of this Act to provide for the demonstration within a three-year period of the practical use of solar heating technology, and to provide for the development and demonstration within a 36-210 0-84-47 five-year period of the practical use of combined heating and cooling technology. DEFINITIONS SEC. 3. For purposes of this Act (1) the term "solar heating", with respect to any building, means the use of solar energy to meet such portion of the total heating needs of such building (including hot water), or such portion of the needs of such building for hot water (where its remaining heating needs are met by other methods), as may be required under performance criteria prescribed by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development utilizing the services of the Director of the National Bureau of Standards, and in consultation with the Director of the National Science Foundation, and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; (2) the terms "solar heating and cooling" and "combined solar heating and cooling", with respect to any building, means the use of solar energy to provide both such portion of the total heating needs of such building (including hot water) and such portion of the total cooling needs of such building, or such portion of the needs of such building for hot water (where its remaining heating needs are met by other methods) and such portion of the total cooling needs of a building, as may be required under performance criteria prescribed by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development utilizing the services of the Director of the National Bureau of Standards, and in consultation with the Director of the National Science Foundation, and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and such term includes cooling by means of nocturnal heat radiation, by evaporation, or by other methods of meeting peakload energy requirements at nonpeakload times; (3) the term "residential dwelling" includes previously occupied and new single family and multifamily dwellings, mobile homes, and publicly assisted housing owned by a private sponsor or a State or local housing authority not covered by section 17; (4) the term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; (5) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; and (6) the term "Director" means the Director of the National Science Foundation. CONDUCT OF ACTIVITIES IN SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING TECHNOLOGIES BY NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SEC. 4. Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2473) is amended by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c), and by inserting immediately after subsection (a) the following new subsection: "(b) The Administration shall initiate, support, and carry out such research, development, demonstrations, and other related ac tivities in solar heating and cooling technologies (to the extent that funds are appropriated therefor) as are provided for in sections 5, 6, and 9 of the Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Act of 1974." DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS TO BE USED IN RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS SEC. 5. (a) The Administrator and the Secretary shall promptly initiate and carry out a program, as provided in this section, for the development and demonstration of solar heating systems (including collectors, controls, and thermal storage) for use in residential dwellings. (b)(1) Within 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, utilizing the services of the Director of the National Bureau of Standards and in consultation with the Administrator and the Director, shall determine, prescribe, and publish (A) interim, performance criteria for solar heating components and systems to be used in residential dwellings, and (B) interim performance criteria (relating to suitability for solar heating) for such dwellings themselves, taking into account in each instance climatic variations existing between different geographic areas. (2) As soon as possible after the publication of the performance criteria prescribed under paragraph (1), the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Bureau of Standards and the Administrator, will select on the basis of open competition a number of designs for various types of residental dwellings suitable for and adapted to the installation of solar heating of solar heating systems meeting the performance criteria prescribed under paragraph (1)(A). (c) The Administrator, in accordance with the applicable provisions of title II of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 and under program guidelines established jointly by the Administrator and the Secretary, shall, after consultation with the Secretary (1) enter into such contracts and grants as may be necessary or appropriate for the development (for commercial production and residential use) of solar systems meeting the performance criteria prescribed under subsection (b)(1)(A) (including any further planning and design which may be required to conform with the specifications set forth in such criteria); and (2) enter into contracts with a number of persons or firms for the procurement of solar heating components and systems meeting such performance criteria (including adequate numbers of spare and replacement parts for such systems). (d) The Secretary shall (1) arrange for the installation of solar heating systems procured by the Administrator under subsection (c)(2) in a substantial number of residential dwellings and (2) provide for the satisfactory operation of such installations during the demonstration period. Title to and ownership of any dwellings constructed hereunder and of solar heating systems installed hereunder may be conveyed to purchasers or owners of such dwellings under terms and conditions prescribed by the Secretary, including an express agreement that any such purchaser or owner shall, in such manner and form and on such terms and conditions as the Secretary may prescribe, observe and monitor (or permit the Secretary to observe and monitor) the performance and operation of such system for a period of five years, and that such purchaser or owner (including any subsequent owner and occupant of the property who also makes such an agreement) shall regularly furnish the Secretary with such reports thereon as the agreement may require. (e) The Secretary of Defense shall arrange for the installation of solar heating systems procured by the Administrator under subsection (c)(2) in a substantial number of residential dwellings which are located on Federal or federally administered property where the performance and operation of such systems can be regularly and effectively observed and monitored by designated Federal personnel. (f) The Secretary and the Secretary of Defense, and officials responsible for administering Federal or federally administered property, shall coordinate their activities under this section to assure that solar heating systems are installed in a substantial number of residential dwellings and in a sufficient number of different geographic areas under varying climatic conditions to constitute a realistic and effective demonstration in support of the objectives of this Act. DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION OF COMBINED SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS TO BE USED IN RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS SEC. 6. (a) The Administrator and the Secretary shall promptly initiate and carry out a program, as provided in this section, for the development and demonstration of combined solar heating and cooling systems (including collectors, controls, and thermal storage) for use in residential dwellings. (b)(1) As soon as possible after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, utilizing the services of the Director of the National Bureau of Standards and in consultation with the Administrator and the Director shall determine, prescribe, and publish (A) interim performance criteria for combined solar heating and cooling components and systems to be used in residential dwellings, and (B) interim performance criteria (relating to suitability for solar heating and cooling) for such dwellings themselves, taking into account in each instance climatic variations existing between different geographic areas. (2) As soon as possible after the publication of the performance criteria prescribed under paragraph (1) (and if possible before the completion of the research and development provided for in subsection (c)), the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Bureau of Standards and the Administrator, will select on the basis of open competition a number of designs for various types of residential dwellings suitable for and adapted to the installation of combined solar heating and cooling systems meeting the performance criteria prescribed under paragraph (1)(A). (c) During the period immediately following the publication of performance criteria under subsection (b)(1), the Administrator, in coordination with the Director, shall undertake and conduct with respect to solar heating and cooling a program of research, development, and testing designed to provide the additional technological resources necessary for the development and commercial application of combined solar heating and cooling systems as contemplated by the program under this section. (d) The Administrator, in accordance with the applicable provisions of title II of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 and under program guidelines established jointly by the Administrator and the Secretary, and at the earliest possible time during or immediately after the period specified in subsection (c), shall, after consultation with the Secretary (1) enter into such contracts and grants as may be necessary or appropriate for the development (for commercial production and residential use) of combined solar heating and cooling systems meeting the performance criteria prescribed under subsection (b)(1))A) (including any further planning and design which may be required to conform with the specifications set forth in such criteria or to reflect the results of the activities conducted under subsection (c)); and (2) enter into contracts with a number of persons or firms for the procurement of combined solar heating and cooling systems meeting such performance criteria (including adequate numbers of spare and replacement parts for such systems). (e) The Secretary shall (1) arrange for the installation of combined solar heating and cooling systems procured by the Administrator under subsection (d)(2) in a substantial number of residential dwellings and (2) provide for the satisfactory operation of such installations during the demonstration period. Title to and ownership of any dwellings constructed hereunder and of combined solar hearing and cooling systems installed hereunder may be conveyed to purchasers or owners of such dwellings under terms and conditions prescribed by the Secretary, including an express agreement that any such purchaser or owner shall, in such manner and form and on such trems and conditions as the Secretary may prescribe, observe and monitor (or permit the Secretary to observe and monitor) the performance and operation of such system for a period of five years, and that such purchaser or owner (including any subsequent owner and occupant of the property who also makes such an agreement) shall regularly furnish the Secretary with such reports thereon as the agreement may require. (f) The Secretary of Defense shall arrange for the installation of combined solar heating and cooling systems procured by the Administrator under subsection (d)(2) in a substantial number of residential dwellings which are located on Federal or federally administered property where the performance and operation of such systems can be regularly and effectively observed and monitored by designated Federal personnel. (g) The Secretary and the Secretary of Defense, and officials responsible for administering Federal or federally administered property, shall coordinate their activities under this section to assure that combined solar heating and cooling systems are installed in a |