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the households studied, who were 16 years of age or over at time of coming to this country.

TABLE 16.-Occupation before coming to the United States of foreign-born females who were 16 years of age or over at time of coming, by race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more females reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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The preceding table shows that 73.7 per cent of the total number of females reporting were without occupation before coming to the United States, 12.6 per cent were in domestic service and 13.7 per cent were in other occupations. None were working without wages and none were working for profit.

PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION OF IMMIGRANT EMPLOYEES BEFORE COMING TO THE UNITED STATES.

The table next presented shows by race the number of foreign-born male employees who were in each specified occupation before coming to the United States. It will be seen that of the total number reporting, only one had been engaged in the collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing industry prior to arrival in this country.

TABLE 17.-Occupation of foreign-born male employees before coming to the United States, by race.

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The following table shows, by race, the number of foreign-born female employees who were in each specified occupation before coming

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to the United States. Of the total number reporting, it is seen that as in the case of the males, only one of the female employees had been engaged in the collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing industry before coming to this country.

TABLE 18.-Occupation of foreign-born female employees before coming to the United States, by race.

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GENERAL OCCUPATION OF MALES AT THE PRESENT TIME, IN THE HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED.

In contrast with the preceding tabulations, the series of tables next presented exhibit the industrial condition of employees and members of their households in this country. The table first submitted shows, by general nativity and race of individual, the general occupation of males, in the households studied, who were 16 years of age or over.

TABLE 19.-General occupation of males 16 years of age or over, by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more males reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

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The totals of the above table show that 79.1 per cent of males reporting are in the collar and cuff industry, 16.1 per cent are otherwise employed, while 2.1 per cent are at home and 2.7 per cent are at school. Foreign-born report a considerably higher percentage in the collar and cuff industry than native-born of native father or native-born of foreign father, who follow in the order mentioned. Native-born of native father show the greatest proportion at home, closely followed by foreign-born, while native-born of foreign father show no males at home. Foreign-born show the highest percentage at school, closely followed by native-born of foreign father, while native-born of native father show considerably smaller proportions. Of the foreign-born races, Germans report 100 per cent in the collar and cuff industry, followed by English and Irish in somewhat smaller proportions, while Armenians show a considerably smaller percentage than the races just mentioned. Irish alone show a percentage at home and Armenians 11.4 per cent at school.

GENERAL OCCUPATION OF WOMEN AT THE PRESENT TIME, IN THE HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED.

In the table next presented the general occupation of females, in the households studied, who were 16 years of age or over, is shown according to general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 20.-General occupation of females 16 years of age or over, by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more females reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.}

Number reporting

Per cent

General nativity and race of individual. complete In collars, In domes- Other

data.

cuffs, and
shirts.

tic service.

wise em- At home. At school. ployed.

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Of 415 females shown in the above table, 48 per cent are employees in the collar and cuff industry, 44.6 per cent are at home, 2.2 per cent are at school, 0.2 per cent are in domestic service, and 5.1 per cent are otherwise employed. The females of foreign birth show the highest percentage in the collar and cuff industry, followed by those who are native-born of foreign father and those who are native whites born of native father, in the order named. The females who are native whites born of native father show the highest percentage at home, and those who are native-born of foreign father the highest percentage at school. The females of foreign birth show a small proportion in domestic service, but no females in the other two

nativity groups are thus employed. Of the females who are nativeborn of foreign father, those of Irish parentage show by far the highest percentage in the collar and cuff industry, while those of German parentage show the highest percentage who are otherwise employed and who are at home and at school. No females who are native-born of foreign father are in domestic service. Of the foreign-born females, the Armenians show 75 per cent in the collar and cuff industry, as contrasted with 42.4 per cent of the Irish and 38.1 per cent of the German female employees who are thus employed. The German and Irish females show a very much higher percentage at home than the Armenian females, while the latter show 4.2 per cent at school, as compared with none of the German and Irish females at school. The German females show 4.8 per cent who are otherwise employed, while none of the Armenians and Irish females are otherwise employed. None of the foreign-born Armenian, German, or Irish females are in domestic service.

WEEKLY EARNINGS.

As regards the average weekly earnings and the range in weekly earning ability of employees, the following tables show, by general nativity, the number and percentage of male employees who were 18 years of age or over and who were earning each specified amount weekly:

TABLE 21.-Number of male employees 18 years of age or over earning each specified amount per week, by general nativity and race.* (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

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*This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntary lost time or lost time from shutdowns or other causes. In the' various tables in this report showing annual earnings allowance is made for time lost during the year.

Not computed, owing to small number involved.

TABLE 22.—Per cent of male employees 18 years of age or over earning each specified amount per week, by general nativity.*

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[The native-born of native father, white, are shown for comparative purposes.]

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*This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntary lost time or lost time from shutdowns or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings allowance is made for time fost during the year.

a Not computed, owing to small number involved."

The following table shows, by general nativity and race, the percentage of female employees 18 years of age or over who were earning each specified amount weekly.

TABLE 23.-Per cent of female employees 18 years of age or over earning each specified amount per week, by general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

*

[This table includes only races with 80 or more females reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

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*This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntary lost time or lost time from shutdowns or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings allowance is made for time lost during the year.

Of the 1,033 female employees, data for whom are entered in the foregoing table, less than 7 per cent earn under $5 per week and less than 1 per cent earn as much as $12.50 per week. The proportion earning $5 or over per week is 93.5 per cent, while 12.8 per cent earn $10 or over per week. When compared with the native-born of native father, the foreign-born show a larger proportion earning as much as $12.50. The Irish show a slightly larger proportion who earn $5 or over per week than do the native whites born of native father. In fact, in each specified group the proportion for the Irish of the second generation is larger than for the native-born whites, except in the wage group of $12.50 or over per week.

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