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error referred to in the applicable paragraph of section 1312 is prevented by the operation of any law or rule of law, other than this part and other than section 7122 (relating to compromises), then the effect of the error shall be corrected by an adjustment made in the amount and in the manner specified in section 1314.

(b) CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR ADJUSTMENT.

(1) MAINTENANCE OF AN INCONSISTENT POSITION. -Except in cases described in paragraphs (3) (B) and (4) of section 1312, an adjustment shall be made under this part only if

(A) in case the amount of the adjustment would be credited or refunded in the same manner as an overpayment under section 1314, there is adopted in the determination a position maintained by the Secretary or his delegate, or

(B) in case the amount of the adjustment would be assessed and collected in the same manner as a deficiency under section 1314, there is adopted in the determination a position maintained by the taxpayer with respect to whom the determination is made, and the position maintained by the Secretary or his delegate in the case described in subparagraph (A) or maintained by the taxpayer in the case described in subparagraph (B) is inconsistent with the erroneous inclusion, exclusion, omission, allowance, disallowance. recognition, or nonrecognition, as the case may be.

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(2) CORRECTION NOT BARRED AT TIME OF ERRONEOUS ACTION.-
(A) DETERMINATION DESCRIBED IN SECTION 1312 (3) (B).-
In the case of a determination described in section 1312 (3) (B)
(relating to certain exclusions from income), adjustment shall be
made under this part only if assessment of a deficiency for the
taxable year in which the item is includible or against the related
taxpayer was not barred, by any law or rule of law, at the time
the Secretary or his delegate first maintained, in a notice of
deficiency sent pursuant to section 6212 or before the Tax
Court of the United States, that the item described in section
1312 (3) (B) should be included in the gross income of the tax-
payer for the taxable year to which the determination relates.

(B) DETERMINATION DESCRIBED IN SECTION 1312 (4).—In the case of a determination described in section 1312 (4) (relating to disallowance of certain deductions and credits), adjustment shall be made under this part only if credit or refund of the overpayment attributable to the deduction or credit described in such section which should have been allowed to the taxpayer or related. taxpayer was not barred, by any law or rule of law, at the time the taxpayer first maintained before the Secretary or his delegate or before the Tax Court of the United States, in writing, that he was entitled to such deduction or credit for the taxable year to which the determination relates.

(3) EXISTENCE OF RELATIONSHIP.-In case the amount of the adjustment would be assessed and collected in the same manner as a deficiency (except for cases described in section 1312 (3) (B)), the adjustment shall not be made with respect to a related taxpayer unless he stands in such relationship to the taxpayer at the time the latter first maintains the inconsistent position in a return, claim for refund, or petition (or amended petition) to the Tax

Court of the United States for the taxable year with respect to which the determination is made, or if such position is not so maintained, then at the time of the determination.

SEC. 1312. CIRCUMSTANCES OF ADJUSTMENT.

The circumstances under which the adjustment provided in section 1311 is authorized are as follows:

(1) DOUBLE INCLUSION OF AN ITEM OF GROSS INCOME.-The determination requires the inclusion in gross income of an item which was erroneously included in the gross income of the taxpayer for another taxable year or in the gross income of a related taxpayer. (2) DOUBLE ALLOWANCE OF A DEDUCTION OR CREDIT.-The determination allows a deduction or credit which was erroneously allowed to the taxpayer for another taxable year or to a related taxpayer.

(3) DOUBLE EXCLUSION OF AN ITEM OF GROSS INCOME.

(A) ITEMS INCLUDED IN INCOME.-The determination requires the exclusion from gross income of an item included in a return filed by the taxpayer or with respect to which tax was paid and which was erroneously excluded or omitted from the gross income of the taxpayer for another taxable year, or from the gross income of a related taxpayer; or

(B) ITEMS NOT INCLUDED IN INCOME.-The determination requires the exclusion from gross income of an item not included in a return filed by the taxpayer and with respect to which the tax was not paid but which is includible in the gross income of the taxpayer for another taxable year or in the gross income of a related taxpayer.

(4) DOUBLE DISALLOWANCE OF A DEDUCTION OR CREDIT.—The determination disallows a deduction or credit which should have been allowed to, but was not allowed to, the taxpayer for another taxable year, or to a related taxpayer.

(5) CORRELATIVE DEDUCTIONS AND INCLUSIONS FOR TRUSTS OR ESTATES AND LEGATEES, BENEFICIARIES, OR HEIRS.-The determination allows or disallows any of the additional deductions allowable in computing the taxable income of estates or trusts, or requires or denies any of the inclusions in the computation of taxable income of beneficiaries, heirs, or legatees, specified in subparts A to E, inclusive (secs. 641 and following, relating to estates, trusts, and beneficiaries) of part I of subchapter J of this chapter, or corresponding provisions of prior internal revenue laws, and the correlative inclusion or deduction, as the case may be, has been erroneously excluded, omitted, or included, or disallowed, omitted, or allowed, as the case may be, in respect of the related taxpayer. (6) CORRELATIVE DEDUCTIONS AND CREDITS FOR CERTAIN RELATED CORPORATIONS.-The determination allows or disallows a deduction (including a credit) in computing the taxable income (or, as the case may be, net income, normal tax net income, or surtax net income) of a corporation, and a correlative deduction or credit has been erroneously allowed, omitted, or disallowed, as the case may be, in respect of a related taxpayer described in section 1313 (c) (7).

(7) BASIS OF PROPERTY AFTER ERRONEOUS TREATMENT OF A

PRIOR TRANSACTION.

(A) GENERAL RULE.-The determination determines the basis of property, and in respect of any transaction on which such basis depends, or in respect of any transaction which was erroneously treated as affecting such basis, there occurred, with respect to a taxpayer described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, any of the errors described in subparagraph (C) of this paragraph.

(B) TAXPAYERS WITH RESPECT TO WHOM THE ERRONEOUS TREATMENT OCCURRED.-The taxpayer with respect to whom the erroneous treatment occurred must be

(i) the taxpayer with respect to whom the determination is made,

(ii) a taxpayer who acquired title to the property in the transaction and from whom, mediately or immediately, the taxpayer with respect to whom the determination is made derived title, or

(iii) a taxpayer who had title to the property at the time of the transaction and from whom, mediately or immediately, the taxpayer with respect to whom the determination is made derived title, if the basis of the property in the hands of the taxpayer with respect to whom the determination is made is determined under section 1015 (a) (relating to the basis of property acquired by gift).

(C) PRIOR ERRONEOUS TREATMENT.-With respect to a taxpayer described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph

(i) there was an erroneous inclusion in, or omission from, gross income,

(ii) there was an erroneous recognition, or nonrecognition, of gain or loss, or

(iii) there was an erroneous deduction of an item properly chargeable to capital account or an erroneous charge to capital account of an item properly deductible.

SEC. 1313. DEFINITIONS.

(a) DETERMINATION.-For purposes of this part, the term "determination" means

(1) a decision by the Tax Court or a judgment, decree, or other order by any court of competent jurisdiction, which has become final;

(2) a closing agreement made under section 7121;

(3) a final disposition by the Secretary or his delegate of a claim for refund. For purposes of this part, a claim for refund shall be deemed finally disposed of by the Secretary or his delegate

(A) as to items with respect to which the claim was allowed, on the date of allowance of refund or credit or on the date of mailing notice of disallowance (by reason of offsetting items) of the claim for refund, and

(B) as to items with respect to which the claim was disallowed, in whole or in part, or as to items applied by the Secretary or his delegate in reduction of the refund or credit, on expiration of the time for instituting suit with respect thereto (unless suit is instituted before the expiration of such time); or

(4) under regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate, an agreement for purposes of this part, signed by the Secretary or his delegate and by any person, relating to the liability of such person (or the person for whom he acts) in respect of a tax under this subtitle for any taxable period.

(b) TAXPAYER.-Notwithstanding section 7701 (a) (14), the term "taxpayer" means any person subject to a tax under the applicable revenue law.

(c) RELATED TAXPAYER.-For purposes of this part, the term "related taxpayer" means a taxpayer who, with the taxpayer with respect to whom a determination is made, stood, in the taxable year with respect to which the erroneous inclusion, exclusion, omission, allowance, or disallowance was made, in one of the following relationships:

(1) husband and wife,

(2) grantor and fiduciary,
(3) grantor and beneficiary,

(4) fiduciary and beneficiary, legatee, or heir,

(5) decedent and decedent's estate,

(6) partner, or

(7) member of an affiliated group of corporations (as defined in section 1504).

SEC. 1314. AMOUNT AND METHOD OF ADJUSTMENT.

(a) ASCERTAINMENT OF AMOUNT OF ADJUSTMENT.-In computing the amount of an adjustment under this part there shall first be ascertained the tax previously determined for the taxable year with respect to which the error was made. The amount of the tax previously determined shall be the excess of—

(1) the sum of—

(A) the amount shown as the tax by the taxpayer on his return (determined as provided in section 6211 (b) (1) and (3), relating to the definition of deficiency), if a return was made by the taxpayer and an amount was shown as the tax by the taxpayer thereon, plus

(B) the amounts previously assessed (or collected without assessment) as a deficiency, over

(2) the amount of rebates, as defined in section 6211 (b) (2), made. There shall then be ascertained the increase or decrease in tax previously determined which results solely from the correct treatment of the item which was the subject of the error (with due regard given to the effect of the item in the computation of gross income, taxable income, and other matters under this subtitle). A similar computation shall be made for any other taxable year affected, or treated as affected, by a net operating loss deduction (as defined in section 172) or by a capital loss carryover (as defined in section 1212), determined with reference to the taxable year with respect to which the error was made. The amount so ascertained (together with any amounts wrongfully collected as additions to the tax or interest, as a result of such error) for each taxable year shall be the amount of the adjustment for that taxable year.

(b) METHOD OF ADJUSTMENT.-The adjustment authorized in section 1311 (a) shall be made by assessing and collecting, or refunding or crediting, the amount thereof in the same manner as if it were a deficiency determined by the Secretary or his delegate with respect to the taxpayer as to whom the error was made or an overpayment claimed by such taxpayer, as the case may be, for the taxable year or years with respect to which an amount is ascertained under subsection (a), and as if on the date of the determination one year remained before the expiration of the periods of limitation upon assessment or filing claim for refund for such taxable year or years. If, as a result of a determination described in section 1313 (a) (4), an adjustment has been made by the assessment and collection of a deficiency or the refund or credit of an overpayment, and subsequently such determination is altered or revoked, the amount of the adjustment. ascertained under subsection (a) of this section shall be redetermined on the basis of such alteration or revocation and any overpayment or deficiency resulting from such redetermination shall be refunded or credited, or assessed and collected, as the case may be, as an adjustment under this part. In the case of an adjustment resulting from an increase or decrease in a net operating loss which is carried back to the year of adjustment, interest shall not be collected or paid for any period prior to the close of the taxable year in which the net operating loss arises.

(c) ADJUSTMENT UNAFFECTED BY OTHER ITEMS.-The amount to be assessed and collected in the same manner as a deficiency, or to be refunded or credited in the same manner as an overpayment, under this part, shall not be diminished by any credit or set-off based upon any item other than the one which was the subject of the adjustment. The amount of the adjustment under this part, if paid, shall not be recovered by a claim or suit for refund or suit for erroneous refund based upon any item other than the one which was the subject of the adjustment.

(d) PERIODS FOR WHICH ADJUSTMENTS MAY BE MADE.-No adjustment shall be made under this part in respect of any taxable year beginning prior to January 1, 1932.

(e) TAXES IMPOSED BY SUBTITLE C.-This part shall not apply to any tax imposed by subtitle C (sec. 3101 and following relating to employment taxes).

SEC. 1315. EFFECTIVE DATE.

(a) IN GENERAL.-This part shall apply only to determinations (as defined in section 1313 (a)) made after the 90th day after the date of enactment of this title.

(b) TRANSITIONAL PROVISION.-Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, section 3801 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 shall apply to determinations (as defined in subsection (a) of such section) made on or before such 90th day as if this title had not been enacted.

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