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$4,500,000, equivalent to one-tenth of the entire customs receipts. From the above table it will be seen that salt and tea, articles of necessity, pay much more revenue in proportion to their value than silks, watches, and other articles of luxury. The same principle may be applied to the metals. Unwrought metals pay one and one half times more duty in proportion to their value than wrought metals, and five times more than machinery, without taking into consideration those that are exempt from all duty. The partiality and injustice of forcing the poorer classes to conform strictly to the law, while permitting a privileged class to escape the payment of duties, are plain to every candid mind, especially when we consider that the purchases by the former class consist of the necessaries of life, and that most of the purchases of the latter class consist of the luxuries.

The great defect in the Russian tariff system consists in the fact that it is not designed to protect the interests or bring into favorable action the resources of the Empire.

The leading object seems to be the increase of the revenue, without regard to the general prosperity of the Empire. The privileged classes revel in their luxury, and the poor industrial classes wallow in their des titution. Of the principal customs cities of the Empire Moscow stands at the head and shows the receipt of $8,750,000 for the year 1879 against $4,700,000 in 1870. St. Petersburg is second, with $4,800,000, against $5,500,000 in 1870. The city of Reval occupies the third place, with $2,700,000 against $200,000 in 1870. The Baltic Railway is the principal cause of the great progress made by Reval.

The increase of receipts for 1879 is 50 per cent. greater than 1878. Odessa is fourth, with $2,500,000, against $2,000,000 in 1870. Riga is fifth, with $1,850,000, against $1,350,000 in 1870. Accompanying this is an officially published copy of the new metal tariff.

UNITED STATES CONSULATE-GENERAL,

W. H. EDWARDS,
Consul-General.

St. Petersburg, July 20, 1880.

[Inclosure in the foregoing report.]

ALTERATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN TARIFF.

Opinion of the Imperial Council, confirmed by the Emperor on the 3d-15th June, 1880, respecting the free importation into Russia of cast and wrought iron, and the alteration of the rates of customs duties on iron and steel, metallic manufactures, and machinery.

[Translation from the Russian.]

I. The privilege of free importation from abroad of cast and wrought iron for manufactures of machinery, imperially sanctioned in 1861, is to be withdrawn.

II. The proposed alterations in the existing customs tariff are to be submitted to His Imperial Majesty for confirmation.

III. The above measures indicated in paragraphs I and II to take effect from the 1st-13th January, 1881.

Alterations in the customs duties for European trade.

ARTICLE 34. Shears for sheep-shearing and for napping to be excluded from the tariff.

ARTICLE 35, PARAGRAPH I. Agricultural machinery and implements, without steam engines, not specifically mentioned, free.

REMARKS.-Duplicate parts of the above-mentioned machinery, imported together with it, are admitted free; parts of machinery brought separately pay duty accordingly to corresponding paragraphs of tariff.

ARTICLE 35, PARAGRAPH II. Machinery for dressing various fibrous substances, such as working machinery, unreeling, breaking, carding, batting, spinning, warping, weaving, napping, and nap-shearing machinery; also machinery and apparatus for paper making and printing, and IV, weaving reeds of every kind, also dents and rods for making the same; rods and shuttles for weaving frames, steel and iron teeth for heckles; heckles for flax and hemp and cards of every kind, free. Obs. 1. Duplicate parts of the above-mentioned machinery and apparatus and also the indispensable fittings thereof, imported together with them, are admitted free. Those imported separately from machinery and apparatus pay 30 copecks per pound. Obs. 2. Such articles as do not form a direct and immediate part of machinery, etc., but are used in setting it up or in connecting it with other machinery or apparatus, such as railings, stair-cases, gearing or shafting, pulleys, driving straps, cards for spinning machinery, connecting pipes, oil-cups, and metallic webs, to be excluded from the tariff.

ARTICLE 36. Sea and river going vessels of every description, entire and with fittings, free. REMARKS.-Iron vessels, with steam-engines or without, brought in separate parts, pay duty according to corresponding paragraphs of tariff.

Description.

ARTICLE 95.-Iron:

I. Pars, assorted and rolled of all kinds, measuring to 18 inches in width and up to 17 inches in thickness in diameter, and also in puddling and mill bars..

REMARKS.-Iron under inch in thickness or width is regarded as wire.
II. Iron rails.

III. Iron in sheets and slabs not exceeding 18 inches in width, and all kinds
of assorted iron exceeding 7 inches in width or diameter
IV. Scrap iron..

OBSERVATION TO PARAGRAPH 95.-(Manufacturers of machinery employing steam or water power may, with the permission of the minister of finance, import cast and wrought iron free of duty in such quantities as may be required for the manufacture and fitting of machinery at their respective works) to be excluded from tariff. ARTICLE 96.-Tin in sheets not lacquered and all kinds of sheet iron, painted, covered with zinc, copper, or other metal..

ARTICLE 97.-Steel:

I. In bars and assorted from to 18 inches wide, and all assorted steel exceeding 7 inches in diameter or thickness, and also in plates.... OBSERVATION.-Steel in thickness, breadth, or diameter under inch is regarded as wire.

II. Steel rails....

III. In sheets and plates exceeding 18 inches in breadth, and all kinds of assorted steel exceeding 7 inches in thickness or diameter..

ARTICLE 162.-Cast iron, wrought:

I. Iron castings, without any finish, such as fire-bars, plates, pipes, beams,
pillars, cast-iron appurtenances for railways, and their rolling stock....
II. Cast-iron vessels enameled..
III. Articles of cast iron, finished, turned, and polished, ground, painted,
bronzed, tinned, covered with zine or other common metals, with
wooden, copper, and bronze parts, and without same
OBSERVATION.-All articles of malleable cast iron are liable to duty
under Paragraph 3, Article 162.

ARTICLE 163.-Iron and steel blacksmiths' work, wrought and cast, without
filing, or only filed along edges or rinis, but not otherwise finished, such as
anchors, nails, hooks, bells, mortars, and also all appurtenances of railways
and their rolling stock..

ARTICLE 164.-Iron and steel articles, boiler work, such as boilers, reservoirs, tanks, boxes, bridges, pipes, and also all kinds of articles manufactured from sheet iron and string, excepting those specified in Articles 96 and 106. ARTICLE 165.-Iron and steel articles, excepting those specially named, finished, turned, polished, ground, bronzed, or otherwise finished with parts of wood, copper, bronze, or without the same, weighing

I. More than 5 lbs

II. Less than 5 lbs...

OBSERVATION TO PARAGRAPH 165.-(All articles of blacksmiths' work weighing more than 1 pood each pay duty under Article 164 as blacksmith's work, viz. 77 cents per pound), to be excluded from tariff ARTICLE 166.-Manufactures of tin plate:

I. All articles of tin plate and all articles of sheet iron, tinned, enameled, and covered with zinc or other common metals...

II. The same articles with gilding, painting, or other ornaments...........

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Change of metal tariff in Russia-Continued.

Description.

New scale.

Old scale.

ARTICLE 167.-Wire:

I. Iron and steel..

II. Of copper, brass, and other metallic fusions, as also all wire tinned, cov ered with zinc or with other common metal, except the wire mentioned in article 168, nails and wire rivets, pegs for piano-fortes, metallic wires, together with the weight of the reels on which they are wound; also wire cables, rigging, and submarine cables of wire

ARTICLE 168.-All manufactures of wire, as also wire covered with paper, silk, silk thread, and frames for umbrellas or parasols, and bird cages of all kinds of wire....

ARTICLE 172.-Scythes and sickles, chaff cutters and mowers, shears for sheep-
shearing, spades, shovels, rakes, hoes, and forks..

ARTICLE 173.-Tools used in trade, arts, manufactures, and works..
ARTICLE 175.-Locomotives, tenders, steam fire-engines, and other appliances
against fire, as also all machines and apparatus not specially named of
wrought and cast iron or steel, with parts consisting of other materials
or without the same......

OBSERVATION.-Detached metallic parts of machinery and apparatus
belonging to the same and imported with them shall be liable to the
duty established for machinery; parts of machinery apparatus im-
ported separately shall be liable to duty under the corresponding
heads of the tariff.

ARTICLE 175, PARAGRAPH III.-(Detached parts and fittings of every kind of
machinery and apparatus (except of copper or brass under I of this
article) imported separately from the machinery or apparatus, includ-
ing all revolving straps and driving bands (belting) and metallic webs
used in manufactories), and observation: (By parts of machinery and
apparatus are understood such as have no independent use and form a
direct part of the machinery or apparatus and can not be employed ex
cept in combination with other machinery, &c., such as steam cylin
ders, pistons, cranks, eccentrics, connecting rods, fly-wheels, cheeks,
bristles, and spindles to the same), to be excluded from the tariff.
ARTICLE 236.-Railway cars:

I. Trucks and coal cars...

II. Goods cars...

Passenger cars.

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AMERICA.

CANADA.

CANADIAN TARIFF CHANGES.

REPORT BY COMMERCIAL AGENT CARROLL, OF PORT STANLEY AND ST. THOMAS.

I have the honor to transmit herein, for the information of the Department, an exhibit of the changes in the Canadian tariff, promulgated on the 30th ultimo, which I take from the Toronto Mail of the 31st ultimo.

In this connection it may be proper to state that I have compared the changes adverted to with other lists, and find them to be correct. PHILIP CARROLL, Commercial Agent.

COMMERCIAL AGENCY OF THE UNITED STATES,

Port Stanley and St. Thomas, Canada, April 2, 1883.

[From the Toronto Mail of March 31, 1883.]

CHANGES IN TARIFF.

LIST OF INCREASES AND DECREASES-CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS TO FREE LIST-INCREASE OF PROTECTIVE DUTIES ON MANUFACTURED GOODS.

OTTAWA, March 30.

The following are the changes in the tariff:

Agates (free). Add rubies, pearls, sapphires, emeralds, garnets, opals, not polished, &c.

Aniline dyes (free). Add in bulk or packages, five pounds or over.
Celluloid in sheets (made free last year). Add lumps or blocks.

Colors (free). Add dry metallic oxide.

Drills for prospecting for minerals.

Dye, jet black.

Hatters' plush of silk or cotton.

Kainite or German potash.

Salts for fertilizers.

Lumber or timber, unmanfactured (free). Add greenwood and sawdust, and hickory sawn to shape for spokes for wheels, not further manufactured.

Mineral waters, natural.

Settlers' effects (free). Add musical instruments, sewing machines, livestock, carts, and other vehicles one year in use.

Add to the free list:

Asphaltum, books bound, printed over seven years, or printed by any government or scientific association not for trade; manuscripts, chronometers, compasses for ships, copper in sheets, iron and steel, old and scrap; iron beams, sheets, or plates, and knees for iron or composite ships; iodine; crude marble in blocks, 15 cubic feet and over; otto of roses; platinum wire; seeds, anise, coriander, fennel, and fenugreek; spurs and stilts for earthenware makers; sausage skins or casings, not cleaned; valerian root; wire of brass or copper; round or flat wire of iron or steel, galvanized or tinned, or not 15 gauge and smaller; street railway bars or rails; fish plates and in sheets for manufacture of screws.

On the following articles there has been a decrease, and the rate is as follows: Buckram, 10 per cent.

Button covers, 10 per cent.

Coal dust, 20 per cent. ad valorem.

Fruit, dried, 20 per cent.

Lampblack and ivory black, 10 per cent.

Lead, nitrate and acetate of, 5 per cent.

Leather, lamb, sheep, buck, deer, elk, and antelope, dressed and colored, or not, 10 per cent.

Kid, tanned or dressed, and colored or not, 15 per cent.

Liquorice paste, not given.

Marble, in blocks, 15 cubic feet and over, free; same, under 15 cubic feet, 10 per cent. Slabs, sawn on two sides, 10 per cent.

Oil or enameled cloth, for trunk and valise makers, 15 per cent.

Paper union collar cloth, 5 per cent.

Precious stones, agates, emeralds, garnets, and opals, polished, 10 per cent.

Spices (except nutmeg and mace), unground, 10 per cent.

Tobacco and snuff, specific duty of 20 per pound [per cent. ?].

Turpentine, spirits of, 10 per cent.

Bells, except for churches, 30 per cent., now dutiable, according to material.
Cloth, of other materials than cotton or woolen, made uniform, 30 per cent.
Ether, sulphuric and nitric, 30 per cent.

India-rubber clothing, made water-proof, 35 per cent.

Jellies and jams, 6 cents per pound, specific.

Magic lanterns and optical instruments, to be 25 per cent.; nickel anodes, 10 per cent.

Pocket books and purses, added to trunks, valises, &c., 30 per cent. ad valorem. Vaseline and similar preparations of petroleum, in bulk, 5 cents in bottle, or 6 cents per pound.

Woolen hosiery, same as woolen clothing, 10 cents per pound, and 25 per cent. ad valorem.

Dress and costume cloths, under 25 wide, and weighing not more than 3 ounces per square yard, 20 per cent.

Yarns, of wool or worsted, 2-ply or more, different colors combined, or mohair yarns, white or any color, imported by manufacturers, 20 per cent.

On the following articles the duty has been increased:

Acids, acetic, 15 per cent. per gallon; other acids, 25 per cent.

Absinthe, $2 per gallon; aniline dyes, less than 5-pound packages, 10 per cent.

Agricultural implements and machines to pay specific and ad valorem equal to 35 per cent.; portable machines, spades, hoes, forks, the same.

Bed comforters and quilts, 27 per cent.

Boot and shoe laces, 30 per cent.

Braces and suspenders, 30 per cent.

Cards (playing), 6 cents per pack.

Carriages to pay specific and ad valorem equal to 35 per cent.
Carriages (children's), same as above.

Cordage of all kinds, 20 per cent.

Cotton, printed or dyed, 274 per cent. on 1st January, 1884.

Cases, jewel, watch, and similar cases, 30 per cent.

Cane or rattan, split, 25 per cent.

Drain and sewer pipes, glazed, 25 per cent.

Fruit, in air-tight cans, 3 cents 1-pound cans and less, and so in proportion for large

cans.

Furniture, iron bedsteads included and charged 35 per cent., and show-cases to be charged $2 each, specific, and 35 per cent.

Haircloth, 30 per cent.

Carpeting, matting, or mats, 25 per cent ad valorem.

Lamp wicks, 30 per cent.

Music, printed, 10 per cent. per pound.

Paper, wall and fancy papers, 30 per cent.

Pumps, 50 cents each, specific, to be added to present 25 per cent. ad valorem.

Steel, in ingots, bars, sheets, coils, to pay $5 per ton on and after 1st July next. Files, specific, under 9 inches in length, 5 cents; 9 inches and over, 3 cents per pound. Tin crystals, 20 per cent.

Vinegar, 15 cents imperial gallon.

CHANGES IN THE CANADIAN TARIFF.

REPORT OF COMMERCIAL AGENT CARROLL, OF PORT STANLEY.

I have the honor to inclose herein a list of the changes made in the Canadian tariff by the Dominion Government. This list I take from the Toronto Mail of the 25th instant. It is authentic, the collector of customs at that place having, as he informs me, received telegraphic instruc

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