The table next presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the sex of persons for whom detailed information was secured in the households studied.

TABLE 656. Sex of persons for whom detailed information was secured, by general nativity and race of head of household.

The table next presented sets forth, by sex and general nativity and race of individual, the persons for whom detailed information was secured in the households studied.

TABLE 657.-Persons for whom detailed information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.

EMPLOYEES FOR WHOM INFORMATION WAS SECURED.

The following table shows the number and percentage of male iron and steel workers of each race for whom information was secured in the course of the investigation of the Birmingham district:

TABLE 658.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and

CHAPTER II.

RACIAL DISPLACEMENTS.

Present immigrant population of the Birmingham district-History of immigration to the Birmingham district-Period of residence in the United States of foreignborn employees and members of their households-Racial classification of employees at the present time-Text Tables 659 to 644 and General Tables 378 and 379].

PRESENT IMMIGRANT POPULATION OF THE BIRMINGHAM DISTRICT.

The following tables present the location by race of the immigrant population of the Birmingham district at the time of the investigation. While the statistics in Table 659 and those derived from it are in a large sense approximate figures, it is believed that they include practically all of the immigrants at the localities named and in the district at that time.

The following table shows the total population of the city of Birmingham in 1890 and 1900, the number of native and foreign born, and the country of birth of the foreign-born:

TABLE 659.-Population of Birmingham, Ala., by place of birth, 1890 and 1900.

Upon referring to the above table the small number of foreign-born in the city at both census periods is noticeable, as well as the fact that there were representatives among the population in 1890, not only of the races of Great Britain and northern Europe, but also of southern and eastern Europe. It is even more significant, however, that with the exception of the Welsh and Norwegians there was a falling off in numbers from the countries of Great Britain and northern Europe in 1900 as contrasted with 1890, the increase in the foreignborn population during the ten years 1890-1900 practically all arising from the arrival of races from southern and eastern Europe. During the past ten years the gain among the foreign-born owing to the local

development of mining and steel manufacturing, and the influx of southern and eastern Europeans, has been much greater than in the preceding decade. At the present time there are estimated, as pointed out below, to be more than 5,000 persons of races from southern and eastern Europe living in the Birmingham district.

In the following table the present foreign population of the various localities in the Birmingham district is shown:

TABLE 660.-Number of families and number of persons of each race in each specified town of the Birmingham district.

a Not reported.

Not including a number of towns not reporting number of families. e Not including 2 towns not reporting number of families.

d Not including 1 town not reporting number of families.