side-stick.

A wooden or metal bar placed at the side of the type in a form or galley, and commonly beveled, for use in conjunction with tapering wooden quoins in locking up.

signature. (1) A distinguishing mark, letter, or number placed usually at the bottom of the first page of each form or sheet of a book, to indicate its order to the folder and binder. (2) Hence, the form or sheet on which such a mark is placed, considered as a fractional part of a book—as, 'The work is printed in 20 signatures.”

single rule. A type-high brass rule, the face of which shows a single line: (

-).

sink. To depress or drop the upper part of a page, as at the beginning of a chapter, below the level of the full pages.

sinkage. The blank space allowed above type matter, as at the beginning of a chapter. sixteenmo.

16mo.

Same as SEXTODECIMO.

Often written

skiver. Leather split with a knife; particularly, the grain side of split sheepskin, used for bookbinding.

slice-galley. A galley, usually of wood, with a sliding

false bottom to facilitate the transfer of composed type to or from an imposing-stone.

slug. (1) A strip of type-metal thicker than a lead, and less than type-high, for spacing matter, supporting the foot of a column, etc. (2) A strip of metal bearing a type-high number: inserted by a compositor at the beginning of a take to identify the matter set by him. (3) The person who sets a piece of matter marked by a slug.

slur. A blurred portion of an impression.

small capitals. A letter of a form similar to capitals, but smaller, being usually equal in height to the body of the small or lower-case letters.

smudge. A blur, as on a proof, from the smearing of wet printer's-ink.

smut. A stain, as from wet printer's-ink. Compare

SET-OFF.

solid. Having no leads or slugs between the lines-as, A solid page of type."

sort. A type or character considered as a portion of a font, with reference to the number or quantity on hand or in case: usually in the plural. Copy is said to be hard on sorts, or to run on sorts, when it requires an unusual number of certain characters.

space. A type of less than type-height, and thinner than an en quadrat, used to separate words, etc., as in a line. Spaces are known as 3-em, 4-em, 5-em, or 6-em, as their thickness is a proportional fraction of an em. The 3-em spaces are also called thick spaces, the 4-em and 5-em thin spaces, and 6-em or thinner hair spaces. A patent space is made intermediate between a 3-em space and an en quadrat. space-box. One of the boxes in a printer's case in which spaces are kept.

space-mark. A proof-reader's mark (#) indicating that a space or more space is to be inserted.

space-rule. Brass or type-metal single rule cut to even ems and ens of length: used in table-work.

squabble. To skew or twist composed type so as to mix the lines; disarrange, as standing matter, without completely pieing.

stem. An up-and-down stroke of a type-face or letter,

especially of a lower-case letter; as, a q with a

broken stem.

stereotype. (1) To cast a plate in stereotype-metal from a matrix. (2) A cast or plate taken in stereotype-metal from a matrix, as of paper or plaster, reproducing the surface of that from which the matrix was made.

stereotype plate. A plate made by stereotyping: usually about one-sixth of an inch in thickness, designed to be set on a block for printing.

stereotype press. A stereotyper's mold, having a bed for the matrix and a platen which is screwed against bearers placed between the bed and platen.

stet. To restore something previously deleted: originally an imperative: done in proof-reading by marking with the word stet and with a line of dots under matter to be retained: a direction to a printer or copyist.

stitch. (1) To pass the thread through and through the back of, as distinguished from SEW. (2). A fastening, as of thread or wire, through the back of a book or pamphlet, to connect the leaves.

stone.

An imposing-stone, whether made of stone or metal. stone-hand. A compositor employed in imposing forms and in similar work around the imposing-stone. sub. To act as a sub or compositor's substitute. sub list. A list of the subs or substitute printers who

are allowed to supply the places of regular compositors in an office without notice to the foreman or proprietor.

superior. Set above the level of the line: said of type; thus, in C, D", the 4 and n are superior.

table matter. Type, whether letters, words, or figures, set in tabular form.

take. The quantity of copy taken at once by a com

positor for setting up; also, the type reproducing it. token. A measure of quantity of sheets of paper used in presswork, varying from 240 to 500 sheets, but commonly 250, or ten quires: now little used. tooling. Ornamentation of or on book-covers by impressing designs with heated tools.

trim. To make orderly by removing excrescences and ragged edges; cut or lop off the superfluous parts of. turn. A type set wrong end upward, to indicate where a letter or character of the same thickness is to beplaced later on: thus, Fig."; also, one turned wrong side up, as "e." Called also turned letter.

turtle. A stout frame in the form of a segment of a cylinder, used to hold the type in a type-revolving web press, the whole taking the place of the ordinary form.

tympan. A thickness (or more usually several thicknesses), as of paper on the impression-surface (as the platen or impression-cylinder) of a printingpress, usually serving as a basis for overlaying and cutting out to improve the quality of the presswork.

type-bar. A line of type cast in one piece, as in linotype or typograph; a linotype; type-slug.

type-body. The body part of a type, especially as considered with relation to its depth (see POINT SYSTEM) or width.

type-casting. The casting of metal type for printing. type-cutter. One who engraves the dies or punches for metal types.

type-cylinder. A cylinder in some forms of printingmachines to which the type is attached in turtles. type-dressing. The process of cutting off the bur and dressing away the roughness from newly cast type. type-founding. The manufacture of metal type for printing. Called also letter-founding.

type-foundry. An establishment in which metal type is made. Called also letter-foundry.

type-gage. (1) One of various gages used in testing the accuracy of type in point of size. (2) A type=

measure.

type-high. Of the standard height of type; of a proper height to print with type: said of stereotypes, woodcuts, etc.

type-holder. A bookbinders' holder for use in handstamping. Called also pallet.

type-matrix. An attachment to a type-founders' mold in which the face of a type is cast.

type-measure. (1) A rule graduated to correspond with the depths of various type-bodies, used in calculating the number of lines or ems contained in composed type. (2) A printed card giving the number of lines of type of various sizes in a certain space. type-metal. The alloy of which types are made, usually

lead, tin, and antimony, in various proportions, sometimes with a small percentage of copper or nickel.

type-mold. A steel box made in two sections, having a matrix for forming the face of the letter.

type-scale. A type-measure.

typograph. A machine for making type-bars as a substitute for movable types in composition; a linecasting machine for doing the work of a typesettingmachine.