Taxes, except income and excess profits 5. Deductions allowed to foreign corporations Expenses Losses, depreciation, and exhaustion edness issued by such bank, banking association, loan or trust company shall be deducted; "Fourth. Taxes paid within the year imposed by the authority of the United States (except income and excess profits taxes), or of its Territories, or possessions, or any foreign country, or by the authority of any State, county, school district, or municipality, or other taxing subdivision of any State, not including those assessed against local benefits." (b) In the case of a corporation, joint-stock company or association, or insurance company, organized, authorized, or existing under the laws of any foreign country, such net income shall be ascertained by deducting from the gross amount of its income received within the year from all sources within the United States First. All the ordinary and necessary expenses actually paid within the year out of earnings in the maintenance and operation of its business and property within the United States, including rentals or other payments required to be made as a condition to the continued use or possession of property to which the corporation has not taken or is not taking title, or in which it has no equity. Second. All losses actually sustained within the year in business or trade conducted by it within the United States and not compensated by insurance or otherwise, including a reasonable allowance for the exhaustion, wear and tear of property arising out of its use or employment in the business or trade; (a) and in the case of oil and gas wells a reasonable allowance for actual reduction in flow and production to be ascertained not by the flush flow, but by the settled production or regular flow; (b) in the case of mines a reasonable allowance for depletion thereof not to ex Deduction for allowed ceed the market value in the mine of the product thereof which has been mined and sold during the year for which the return and computation are made, such reasonable allowance to be made in the case of both (a) and (b) under rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury: Provided, That when the allowance authorized in (a) and (b) shall equal the capital originally invested, or in case of purchase made prior to March first, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the fair market value as of that date, no further allowance shall be made; and (c) in the case of insurance companies, the net addition, if any, required by law to be made within the year to reserve funds and the sums other than dividends paid within the year on policy and annuity contracts: Provided, That no deduction shall be al- betterments not lowed for any amount paid out for new buildings, permanent improvements, or betterments, made to increase the value of any property or estate, and no deduction shall be made for any amount of expense of restoring property or making good the exhaustion thereof for which an allowance is or has been made: Provided further, That mutual Mutual fire and mutual employers' liability and mutual companies workmen's compensation and mutual casualty insurance companies requiring their members to make premium deposits to provide for losses and expenses shall not return as income any portion of the premium deposits returned to their policyholders, but shall return as taxable income all income received by them from all other sources plus such portions of the premium deposits as are retained by the companies for purposes other than the payment of losses and expenses and reinsurance reserves: Provided further, That mutual marine insurance companies shall include in their return of gross income gross premiums collected and received by them less amounts paid for reinsurance, but shall be entitled to include in deduc insurance A percentage exempt securities tions from gross income amounts repaid to policyholders on account of premiums previously paid by them, and interest paid upon such amounts between the ascertainment thereof and the payment thereof, and life insurance companies shall not include as income in any year such portion of any actual premium received from any individual policyholder as shall have been paid back or credited to such individual policyholder, or treated as an abatement of premium of such individual policyholder, within such year; "Third.* The amount of interest paid within the year on its indebtedness (except on indebtpurchase of tax edness incurred for the purchase of obligations or securities the interest upon which is exempt from taxation as income under this title) to an amount of such indebtedness not in excess of the proportion of the sum of (a) the entire amount of the paid-up capital stock outstanding at the close of the year, or, if no capital stock, the entire amount of the capital employed in the business at the close of the year, and (b) one-half of its interest-bearing indebtedness then outstanding, which the gross amount of its income for the year from business transacted and capital invested within the United States bears to the gross amount of its income derived from all sources within and without the United States: Provided, That in the case of bonds or other indebtedness which have been issued with a guaranty that the interest payable thereon shall be free from taxation, no deduction for the payment of the tax herein imposed or any other tax paid pursuant to such guaranty shall be allowed; and in case of a bank, banking association, loan or trust company, or branch thereof, interest paid within the year on deposits by or on moneys received for investment from either citizens or residents of the United States Bonds issued with guaranty of tax free interest Interest paid en deposits *As amended October 3, 1917. and secured by interest-bearing certificates of indebtedness issued by such bank, banking association, loan or trust company, or branch thereof; income "Fourth. Taxes paid within the year imposed Taxes, except by the authority of the United States (except in- excess profits come and excess profits taxes), or of its Territories, or possessions, or by the authority of any State, county, school district, or municipality, or other taxing subdivision of any State, paid within the United States, not including those assessed against local benefits." 6. Assessment Companies, (c) In the case of assessment insurance companies, whether domestic or foreign, the actual Insurance deposit of sums with State or Territorial officers, provisions pursuant to law, as additions to guarantee or reserve funds shall be treated as being payments required by law to reserve funds. regarding RETURNS. 7. Returns of tax may fix own SEC. 13. (a) The tax shall be computed upon corporations! the net income, as thus ascertained, received within Computation of each preceding calendar year ending December Corporation thirty-first: Provided, That any corporation, joint-scal year stock company or association, or insurance company, subject to this tax, may designate the last day of any month in the year as the day of the closing of its fiscal year and shall be entitled to have the tax payable by it computed upon the basis of the net income ascertained as herein provided for the year ending on the day so designated in the year preceding the date of assessment instead of upon the basis of the net income for the calendar year preceding the date of assessment; and it shall give notice of the day it has thus designated as the closing of its fiscal year to the collector of the district in which its principal business office is located When return must be filed By whom return must be signed Where return must be filed Receivers, returns by at any time not less than thirty days prior to the first day of March of the year in which its return would be filed if made upon the basis of the calendar year; (b) Every corporation, joint-stock company or association, or insurance company, subject to the tax herein imposed, shall, on or before the first day of March, nineteen hundred and seventeen, and the first day of March in each year thereafter, or, if it has designated a fiscal year for the computation of its tax, then within sixty days after the close of such fiscal year ending prior to December thirtyfirst, nineteen hundred and sixteen, and the close of each such fiscal year thereafter, render a true and accurate return of its annual net income in the manner and form to be prescribed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, and containing such facts, data, and information as are appropriate and in the opinion of the commissioner necessary to determine the correctness of the net income returned and to carry out the provisions of this title. The return shall be sworn to by the president, vicepresident, or other principal officer, and by the treasurer or assistant treasurer. The return shall be made to the collector of the district in which is located the principal office of the corporation, company, or association, where are kept its books of account and other data from which the return is prepared, or in the case of a foreign corporation, company, or association, to the collector of the district in which is located its principal place of business in the United States, or if it have no principal place of business, office, or agency in the United States, then to the collector of internal revenue at Baltimore, Maryland. All such returns shall as received be transmitted forthwith by the collector to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; (c) In cases wherein receivers, trustees in |