655

without apparent injury to the gun. I aping, an accident very liable to happen in should be any larger lumps remaining, peared, therefore, that the resistance of the sind, though very great, was not sufficient and most convenient method of firing the lotting-beetles, in the same manner as blasting in the common way. The safest these should be broken with mallets, or to burst a twenty-four pound cannon. which has been dipped in a solution of salt blast, is by means of a small slip of paper petre, and dried.

The most probable explanation of the foregoing phenomena, appears to be, that whenever direct pressure is applied, the angular and irregular shaped fragments composing the sand, immediately form them. selves into a natural arch, supported against the sides of the tube. The annexed sketch indicates the manner in which this may take place. In every instance where the

sand was violently forced from the tube, the sides of it were found to be lined with a quantity of fine dust, and a mass of pulverized sand was generally found at the head of the piston A. The inside of the tube was abraded or scratched, particularly at that part, a short distance above the piston, against which the arch, or more strictly the inverted dome of sand, may be supposed to have abutted. The dust found on the sides

other points connected with the phenomena
It was intended to make examinations on
observed by M. Burnand, but the requisite
leisure has not been at command. The
subject merits further investigation with a
view to making useful pract cal applications
of some of the remarkable properties which
sand is found to possess.

MINERAL MANURES.

Application of Marl

Many farmers either lay marl upon land
sown with tares, thus making a bastard fal-
low; or they apply it to grass land, or to a
clover ley, to be broken up in the following
year. The latter is certainly the prefera-
ble, as well as the most general practice.
for it not alone produces an al uidance o
good pasture, but affords time for the season
to operate in bringing the marl into a fit state
for future tillage cops, which cannot be done
in the common course of cropping, because
it becomes buried by the plough before it is
properly mixed with the soil, especially if
turned in deep the first earth.
therefore, be allowed sufficient time to
It should,
sink, and eat itself into the surface, before

chalk, before it is ploughed in. This, however, is not usually done until the marl has winter's frost; and should the previous seapartaken of bo'h one summer's sun and one on have proved unfavorable to the reduction of marl to small particles, the process, laid upon grass or clover, it is often found in some cases, costs so much, that, when more advisable to leave the ground unbrcken during another year. Then, when well crumbled, dry weather should be chosen for rolling and harrowing it—a first time with heavy rollers and drags, and a second, after it has been exposed to rain, and has been again dried in short, until it has been rendered as small as possible; af ter which it should be lightly ploughed in, again harrowed, and receive from two to of the soil. The intermixture of the inarl four ploughings, according to the condition with the earth cannot, in fact, be too comcombined with the soil, will not alone fail of producing the intended effect, but will plete; for whatever proportion remains unhave one of an opposite and prejudicial tendency.

The quantity of marl which it may be prudent to apply to the land depends entirely on the nature of the soil, and the

of the tube was always of a blueish color, it is ploughed up. This, however, is by Prpoerties of the marl: the more calcareous
which was attributed to the intermixture of some persons carried to an absurd length, it will produce, as a stimulant; and shell
a small portion of metallic oxide derived as they occasionally spread a coat of marl marl possesses, besides, the additional
is the latter, the greater is the effect which
from the brass. Some experiments which
were made went to show that it was very upon the green sward, and leave it here un-power of nourishing the soil by the vege
important that the sand should be perfectly ploughed for many years, in which case the table and animal mould with which it is
dry. The injurious effect of moisture may grass receives considerable detriment, for combined.
be explained by supposing that it impedes the marl then sinks downwards in a body, fusely used on every sort of ground, but at
the free motion of the particles among them without incorporating with the soil; though, present the average amount applied to land
This species was formerly pro-
selves, and prevents their promptly assum-when it has lain a long time in this state, of the medium kind is from 30 to 40, or if
ing the arch form; it cements the sand into the subsequent crops of corn have been it be very light, only 25 cartloads, of 16
a mass, which is expelled from the tube as found to be enormous.* If laid upon grass, cubic feet per acre.
a solid body would be. In the case of the
twenty-four pounder, it appears that the it may be carried out during all periods of quality may, indeed, be readily overmarled;
force necessary to burst the gun, was great-
the year in which the crop is not in
er than that required to reduce sand to an
impalpable powder, that is, to crush and de-able land intended for immediate cultiva-Fo loose that, in some cases, it has not af
ward state of growth; but if applied to ar- the surface of poor ground may be rendered
as by repeated mailing, in large quantities,
stroy the materials of which the arch of tion, the months of June and July, or soon forded a sufficient hold to the roots of corn
sand was composed. It is probable that after the autumn seed-time, are considered and grass.*
coarse emery, from its extreme hardness, the best for its application. If laid on a however, be laid upon strong cohesivo
would oppose a
resistance sufficient to short time previous to winter, its effect is soils, for it is not so easy to give them too
Double the quantity may,
burst a cannon, but an opportunity has not
offered to make the tria',
al-o generally prompt, because, except
The experience of Fort Adams, proves
be of a very tenacious kind, the action of
large a dose; but if coll, wet, or moorish,
that the resistance offered by sand is quite the cold and rain commonly divide it in
great circumspection is requisite in the ap

a for

it

Land of the latter

tages attending it use, are, that it is much the soil by the tillage of a summer fallow previously well drained, it will only in.
aufficient for blasting rocks, and the advan-time, to be thoroughly amalgamated with Plication of this marl, for if the land be not

less troublesome than the usual mode, and If, however, it be only applied during the
that it is perfectly safe. To ensure success, spring months, this cannot be so properly
the space left above the powder should have
a length of ten or twelve times as great as
carried into execution, for it requires the
the diameter of the hole. To communicate winter's rain and frost to crumble it, and it
fire to the powder, a slip of paper is rolled consequently has but little power upon the
into a tube about three sixteenths of an year's crop. A complete summer fallow is,
inch in diameter. This priming tube is se- undoubtedly, the best mode of bringing it
cured by being tied round in two places into perfect operation: but not only is the
with thread, and one end is made a little expense often objected to, but there is also
larger than the other, so that any required
length may be obtained by joining several
together. The charge of powder being in
its place, the priming tube is inserted and
filled, it is then pressed against one side of
the hole, and the sand is slowly poured in.
A slender stick of hard-wood is rapidly
worked up and down in the sand as it falls
to the bottom, and thus every part becomes
well packed. By this mode of operating
there is, of course, po danger of communi.
cating fire to the powder in the aet of load-

a strong prejudice entertained by many
persons against fallowing-into which it is
not our present object to inquire, although
we necessarily shall have occasion to no-
tice it hereafter.

crease its tenacity.

*Perth Report; and Appendix to that of
Cheshire, No. S.
[To be continued.]

Indian timber is singularly durable. The
It has been discovered that some of the
wood called the jarrool has the property
of resisting the marine worms which com-
monly attack ships where they are not de-
fended by copper. On a recent occasion
they were found to have fastened on every
description of wood forming the bottom of
an unsheathed vessel save the jarrool, not
The day is con-
even sparing the teak.
sequently not distant when jarrool will
*Dickson's Original Report of Lancashire, Sthan it hitherto has been.--(Observer.)
make a more important article of con morce
venson's edit., p. 400,

whatever manner it be applied, it must be
It is almost superfluous to add, that, in
equally spread over the land; and if there

1

WE the subscribers having formed a co-partnership under the style and firm of Durpre, Coleman & Co., for the manufacturing and selling of Ropes for inclined planes of railroads, and for other uses, offer to supply ropes for inclined planes, of any length required with out splice, at short notice, the manufacturing of cordage, heretofore carried on by S. S Durfee & Cc., will Maps, profiles, plans, and specifications, may be ex-be done by the new firm. All orders will be prompt amined at the Engineer's office; and printed formsly attended to, and ropes will be shipped to any port may be obtained by application at the same place in the United States. giving a general view of the nature and amount of the work of different kinds which is to be done. ALEXANDER . TWINING, Engineer. 39-31

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT NO. 122 NASSAU STREET, NEW-YORK, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE

The Great Eastern Railroad..

664

SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1836.

NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.
WASHINGTON AND RALEIGH RAILROAD

PROPOSALS will be receiv d at the office of
his Company in Wilmington (N. C) unil the 15th of
November for the graduation and bridging of 50
miles of the above Railroad, commencing at the
north-cast branch of the Cape Fear river, ten miles
from Wilmingto

[VOLUME V-No 42.

Any information which may be desired, can be ob-fond of country life, and at the same time, 665 tained of Mr. T. H. Williamson, who will at allan extensive water prospeci. The sale is 668 times be found on the line, or from the subscriber at to take place on the 25th inst in the village 675 Wilmington. of Newburgh.

AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL.

NEW-YORK, OCTOBER 22, 1836.

Contractors unknown to the undersigned must accompany these proposals with recommendations,

October 15, 1836.

WALTER GWYNN

42-3t

REAL ESTATE AT POUGHKEEPSIE.-On Tuesday next, 25th, will be sold at Pough keepsie 200 of the most pleasantly situated A FARM TO BE SOLD AT AUCTION, lo's in that flourishing village. They are TO RAILROAD CONTRACTORS. AT the Orange Hotel, in the Village of Newburgh,, situated in the vicinity of the DutchessPROPOSALS will be received until the 8th day of on Tuesday, 25th October, at 2 o'clock P. M. A Whal ng Company's Dock, and the extenDecember next, for the graduation and masonry of the Farm three miles north of Newburgh, Orange county, sive Locomotive Engine Manufactory, and Sist ten miles of the Gainsville and Narkeeta Rail-now occupied by Robert Anderson, containing about command a beautiful view of the River.road. A profile of the route, with plans and specifiFIFTY-ONE AND A HALF ACRES, These lots are elligibly situated for resi. cations of the work, will be exhibited at Gainsville, including five or six acres of a handsome grove of dences and must become highly valuable for ten days previous to the time of letting and all wood land, house, barn, orchard, &c. This Farm is other information given, on application to the sub-well watered and beautifully situated on high ground, in consequence of the extensive Manufacioscriber or to the Assistant Engineer. Recommenda- on the banks of the Hudson river, and commands a res now building and soon to be commenc-tions will be expected in all cases, of persons not most extensive view of the su rounding country, noted in front of them. We ask the attention. known to the officers of the company or to the En- surpassed by any on the river; overlooks Newburgh of our readers in New-York to the sale. gineer. and the surrounding villages, from West Point to NewHamburgh, a river view of about twelve to fourteen For the information of persons at a distance, it miles, ..nd joins the road which leads from Newburgh may be remarked, that this road commences at the to Marlborough, Milton, &c., and would be a most town of Gainsville, on the Tombeckby river, and ex-desirat le site for a country seat. It is excellent grain tends twenty-two miles south-west to Narkeeta in land, with a good proportion of natural meadow, a the State of Mississippi. The Tombeckby is navi- loam soil over limestone, and has abundance of gable for Steamboats the greater portion of the year every material of wood and stone for building and and having a direct communication with Mobile and fencing, sufficient to put the whole in complete New-Orleans, will afford facilities for procuring the supplies necessary for the hands employed on the work, or for their ready conveyance hither, if procured from a distance. The country through which the road is located, being perfectly healthy, and the mildness of the climate admitting of operations throughout the winter season renders the contract peculiarly desirable to those wanting winter employ. ment. To an enterprizing and energetic contractor

order.

Reference for particulars may be had by calling on
George Mather, No. 11. Prince st. New-York.
Terms liberal and made known at the sale

SAMUEL PARMENTER, Auctioneer.
Newburgh, Oct. 10, 1836.

42

Joseph W. Patterson, Esq., has been the construction of this road offers the prospect of a unanimously elected President of the Balti

..profitable job.

D. H. BINGHAM, C. E. Gainsville, Ala. Sept. 21, 1836. "42-tDecl

more and Ohio Railroad Company. The
Baltimore Gazette says this vote of the
stockholders of that Company, will meet
the general approbation of the citizens.

informs us, that laborers have commenced SOMERVILLE ROAD.-The Somerset whig operations on the road on the erst side of Somerville; and that in two or three weeks 2 or 300 hands will be employed on the whole line.

WILLIAMSPORT AND ELMIRA RAILRORD.— The final survey and location of this important public work were completed a few days ago, except the point of termination in this village, four different points being surveyed and under consideration, viz below the bridge, at the bridge, near the canal, and near the house of T. North, Esq. We are told by the company that 25 miles, from Williamsport to the coal beds, and 14 miles, from Elmira south, will probably be put under contract this fall. The survey has resulted in an extremely favorable impres sion as to the expense and the few difficul ties to be overcome.-[Elmira Republican ]

OHIO RAILROAD COMPANY.

TENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESI-ing their attention, and have urged them for. || Wheeling, was held in Baltimore, and the DENT AND DIRECTORS TO THE STOCK-ward with all diligence; in doing which they various subjects connected with the interHOLDERS OF THE BALTIMORE AND have been fully seconded by the officers in nal improvements of the State were fully charge of them. So far as they have gone, discussed. When the Legislature re-asIn obedience to the requisitions of the they have been very satisfactory, and fully sembled in May, the subject was again charter, the President and Directors pro-corroborate the fact, stated in the last annual brought before it; and a law was finally pose to lay before the Stockholders a state-report, upon the reconnoissance of the chief passed by a large majority, containing, ment of the affairs of the Baltimore and engineer, "that the mountains between among other subscriptions, one of three Onio Ruitroa i Company, for the official Cumberland and the western waters can be millions of dollars of the capital stock of year, ending on the 1st of October, 1836. passed, without the use of stationary pow- the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Campany. In the ninth annual report, the board an er by locomotive engines and their trains." This law released the Company from the nounced the completion of the main stem For a full account of surveys, up to the end restrictions, that prevented the extension of to Harper's Ferry, and of the branch road of the current official year, reference is the railroad westward from Harper's Ferry, to Washington. Since then the Winches- made to the reports of chief engineer, and and in so doing, enabled it to comply with ter and Potoinac Railroad, which is virtually the engineer of location in the appendix A. the condition annexed to the subscription a prolongation of the Baltimore and Ohio In the month of August last, the brigade by the Mayor and City Council. Before Railroad up the valley of the Shennadoah, employed on the Potomac above Harper's the law could take effect, however, it was has been opened for general use. At pre- Ferry was broken up by the severe illness necessary that it should receive the assent sent, some delay and difficulty take place of nearly every one of its members, owing of both the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in transporting goods and passengers from to the unhealthiness of the region in which and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Comone road to the other. This, however, they were at work. Protracted indisposi-panies. The assent of the first was, as will be obviated, when the viaduct across tion ensued; and it is only recently that the stockholders are already aware, given the Potomac is finished. The stone piers the brigade has been recognized. The at the general meeting held on the 18th of this structure have been completed for country upon the Potomac will not be suf- July last. The assent of the latter was some time, and the wood work will be ficiently healthy for the brigade to resume its delayed, in consequence of apprehensions ready for the passage of cars during the labors there, before the 1st of November. entertained by some of its stockholders, present year. The passenger and burden In the mean time, it has been directed to that the provisions of the law, in regard to trains of the two companies will then stop, institute-survey's at Parr's spring ridge-the joint construction of the railroad and side by side, in the saine depot, and the with a view to the re-location of the road canal, along the Potomac, would, if carried transit from one to the other will be effect- there, so as to dispense with the inclined into operation, materially impair the permael promptly and with great convenience. planes, that have so long been a source of nency and usefulness of the canal. To Surveys are now in progress for the ex-heavy expense and injurious delay. When obviate this difficulty, the stockholders of tension of a Railroad from Winchester to originally located, the then state of knowl- the Railroad Company, at their meeting of Staunton, and there is reason to believe edge, on the subjects of railroads, and their the 26th July last, authorized the board of that this work will be undertaken. It is machinery, and the character of the coun- directors to enter into stipulations with the of great importance to Baltimore, and when try for a long distance on either side of the canal company, touching the matters in completed will furnish a continuous rail- point of crossing the ridge, left no alterna- question; and the apprehensions of the road of two hundred and fifteen miles in tive but to adopt them. Since then, how-canal company being thereby removed, its length, from this city into the heart of Vir-ever, the astonishing developement, that assent was given to the law, which, in conginia. has taken place of the capacities of locom-sequence, went into immediate operation. otive engines, makes it certain that the A copy of the stipulation with the canal ridge where the planes occur can be sur-company, entered into by the board, in conmounted by a uniform grade, adapted to the formity with the directions of the stockeconomical and efficient use of locomotive holders, will be found in the appendix. power. When this is accomplished, the The subscription to the stock of this interests of the stockholders and the public Company, authorized by the law of the exwill be mutually and most materially ad-tra session, was made to depend upon a guarantee being given to pay six per cent. per annum, to the State on the amount subscribed by it, at the end of three years from the payment of each of the State's Instalments; with the provision, that should the profits of the road exceed

In the last annual report, the results of the reconnoissance of the chief engineer of the route for a railroad from Cumberland westward, were laid before the Stockho'd ers; and the general satisfaction that they afford, and the sentiment universally ex pressed, that the time had arrived for the adoption of vigorous measures in the pros-vanced. ecution of the road to the points of its

At the December session of the Legislaoriginal destination, caused the board, earlyture of Maryland, eighteen hundred and in the spring, to organize an engineer force, thirty-five, the board of directors memorial for the purpose of making detailed surveysized that body, praying for aid to complete and examinations between Harper's Ferry the road to Pittsburg and Wheeling; and and the summit of the Allegany, with a view of continuing them, afterwards, to at the same time, a similar application was Pittsburg and Wheeling. Four brigades, made to the Mayor and City Council of

Baltimore.

six per cent. the State was to receive no greater dividend in consequence, but the under the charge of competent officers, The latter, at once, and with excess was to be divided among the other were accordingly employed, and have since, great liberality, and responding to the uni- stockholders. In consideration of the inwithout interruption, been diligently at versal sentiment pervading this community, terest, so to be secure to the State, the work. A continuous line has been sur-resolved to subscribe three millions of dol- Company was authorized to charge one veyed from Harper's Ferry to the top of lars to the capital stock of the Company, cent per mile, in addition to its present the dividing ridge between the eastern and whenever the existing legal difficulties were charge, for each person transported upon western waters; and the engineers are removed, which prevented, at that time, the the road. At their general meeting on the now eugaged in making the surveys on extension of the work in an unbroken line, 18th of July, the stockholders directed the either side of the first line, necessary to de- eastward, from Harper's Ferry. The bill, preparation of the guarantee in question, termine the best route for the location of the before the Legislature, however, for sub- which was accordingly prepared and transroad. The rough and mountainous coun scribing to the stock of this Company, and mitted, as required by the law, to the treastry, over which the surveys have to be also in aid of other works of internal im-urer of the western shore. A copy of it carried, and the importance of leaving no provement in which the State was interested, will be found in the appendix. The right practicable route, of the many that present met with determined and strong opposition; of the Company to make the additional themselves, unexamined, render the labors and, at the end of a protracted session, the charge is now perfected. of the engineers, necessarily, very tedious subject was postponed to an adjourned made during the last official year, the nett and it will be some time yet before the ex-meeting of the Legislature in May ensuing. revenue of the main stem would have been act route to be adopted, can be ascertained. In the interval a numerous and highly re-doubtless much greater than it has been. The board have considered these surveys spectable convention, the interest of which Another important provision, contained as one of the most important subjects claim-attracted delegates from Pittsburg and in the law of the extra session, is that

Had it been

provement, of what was deemed of great value to them and to the community. The road from Pennsylvania, whose juncti n with the main stem, is to comply with the provisions of the above law, has not yet been designated.

which releases the company from the obli-] In the year 1935, the Legislature of all means of in te communication, and ingation to erect "a close fence of boards" Pennsylvania incorporated a com any to crease the number of markets accessible between the railroad and canal, at the nar- construct a canal from the great Pennsyl-to the producer; and it would, besides, row passes from the point of rocks to Har-vania Canal, at Columbia, to the Maryland have deprived the citizens of Baltimore, per's Ferry, as a condition precedent to line, along the eastern shore of the Sus- deeply interested in the Susquehanna imthe use of steam between the two places; quehanna. At the following session, this provided the Railroad Company shall first company applied for permission to change tender to the canal company the price of a the location of the proposed canal, with a post and rail fence, for the corresponding view of constructing it on the western side portions of the river edge of the towing of the river, and prolonging it, under aupath. The objections to building the board thority fron Maryland, to a terminus in fence were such, that they prevented (and the neighborhood of Havre de Grace. The In several of their preceding reports, the but for the law of the extra session would Legislature of Pennsylvania gave the de-board of directors have adverted to the ef have continued to prevent) the use of steam sired permission; but upon condition, that forts made by them to perfect a locomotive above the Point of Rocks, and obliged the the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Compa- engine, adapted to the curved character of Railroad Company to maintain an expen- ny should first assent to the junction, with their road, and cable of using anthracite sive horse power to do the transportation the main stem of their work, of a railroad coal as fuel; and the very satisfactory refrom thence to the Ferry, a distance of from Pennsylvania, entering Maryland on suits obtained have been, from time to time, twelve miles, which the engines, that the dividing line between the former State detailed. The further experience of the crossed the valley of the Monocacy, and Washington county, and striking the board fully justifies the steps heretofore tacould have done with but little additional Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at or near ken by them in this particular. There are cost. As soon as the commissioners ap- Hagerstownr o Williamsport. To have as-now eleven first rate locomotive engines in pointed under the act shall have ascer- sented to this, unconditionally, would have use npon the main stem and Washington tained the cost of the post and rail fence, it put it in the power of the connecting Rail- branch, all of which have been manufacturwill be tendered to the canal company, road Companies of Pennsylvania, by low-ed at the company's shops; and six more and the locomotives, that are now obliged ering their rates of toll, to abstract the are being built, which, it is expected, will, to stop at the Point of rocks, will supersede travel and transportation from the Balti-when the road over Parr's ridge is re-loca the horse power beyond that place, and con- more and Ohio Railroad, east of the point of ted, and re-constructed without inclined tinue their route to Harper's Ferry. junction, diverting it along their respective planes, enable the company to dispense en With regard to the other provisions of the roads to the rival city of Philadelphia-and tirely with the use of horse power, except law of the extra session, it is not the inten- so enabling the latter, notwithstanding its in the city of Baltimore. A very considertion of the board to enter into detail. The greater distance from the western waters. Jable diminution in the cost of working the act itself was before the stockholders for to receive or forward goods as cheaply as road will thus be effected. their acceptance, and they must be suffi- could be done at or from Baltimore; thus Since the death of Phineas Davis, men ciently familiar with its provisions. Those making a work, constructed with the means tioned in the last annual report, Messrs. parts of it only, requiirng the present ac- of Maryland, ensure to the benefit of the Gillingham and Winans have taken the tion of the stockholders or the board have commercial emporium of a rival State, that company's shops, at the Mount Clare depot, been particularly referred to. The board had contributed nothing to the undertaking. and continue there the manufacture of loare gratified in being able to announce to Pledged as the Baltimore and Ohio Rail-comotive engines and railroad machinery, the stockholders, that the various condi- road Company now is, to pay to the State commenced by Mr. Davis. Within the tions precedent to subscription, which it con- six per cent. on its late subscription, it last year, the force employed by them has tains, having been complied with, the sub- would have been impossible, with any re- been considerably increased; a circumscription of the treasurer of the western gard to the interests of the stockholders, to stance much to the interest of the compashore for thirty thousand shares of the cap- reduce the toll, in competition with works, ny, as it furnishes the means of a prompt ital stock of the company, (3,000,000) was many of which were the property of the compliance with the wants of the road, and, made on the 23d of September last; and State of Pennsylvania, and the policy of all when this is extended westward, will insure also, that on the 27th of the same month, of which would have been to attract the a supply of locomotive power and the vathe same amount of stock was subscribed, business from the Baltimore and Ohio Rail-rious necessary machinery, as fast as it is under the ordinance to that effect, by the road, east of the point of junction, to them-wanted. It may be observed here, that the Mayor of Baltimore. selves. With a view of obviating this dif-work-shops at the Mount Clare depot are Six millions of dollars have thus been ficulty, a condition was inserted in the act, carried on by Messrs. Gillingham and Wiadded to the effective means of the com- that in case of a reduction of the tolls on nans, independent of the company. They pany for the prosecution of the railroad to the Pennsylvania works in connection, me- are bound to contract to supply the comthe western waters. What the amount that diately or immediately, with the Baltimore pany with locomotive engines, and all other will be necessary, to finish the work to and Ohio Railroad, the tolls on that road, railroad machinery, at a stipulated price, Pittsburg and Wheeling, may be, it is im-west of the point of junction, might be in-and, at all times, to give precedence to the possible, at this time, to say, with any ap-creased in proportion; so as to keep the company's demands for work. They have proximation to accuracy. Every effort is charges on persons, goods or produce, go- the use of the ground and buildings occubeing made to complete the surveys to as- ing to or coming from Pennsylvania, uni-pied by them, with the fixed machinery left certain it. Some time must elapse before form throughout the distance they were to by Mr. Davis, without rent, being bound to it is known. Cost what the road may, how- be transported; thus putting it in the pow- keep the same in repair, and return them ever, it will be a cheap road to Baltimore; er of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as they received them. In consideration as, restoring to her the trade of which the Company to countervail, at all times, the of this, they manufacture the company's ergreat works of rival cities have deprived effects of a reduction of tolls on the Penn-gines, so much below the market price for her, it will place her in possession once sylvania roads in connection with their own them elsewhere, that the interest on the cost more, and forever, of all the advantages to work. The law of Pennsylvania, with this of buildings and fixed machinery, above be derived from her geographical proximity provision, has been assented to by the board mentioned, is fully paid; and, indeed, it to the west. of directors, and has gone into operation.would take but a little while, when the exTo have refused the assent, would have tension of the road westward required a been illiberal towards Pennsylvania, which larger number of engines, to reimburse to had already permitted a connection by Ma- the company the entire outlay for the shops ryland with her works, in the cases of the at the Mount Clare depot. railroad to York and the canal along the Susquehanna, as well as inconsistant with the spirit of the age, which is to multiply

The time limited in the charter for the completion of the main stem within the State of Maryland, extending only to the 4th July, 1838, an act, prolonging the period for five years from that date, was applied for and obtained at the last session of the Legislature.

Recent experiments, made with the two last engines built by Messrs. Gillinghanı and Winans, show a power of traction ex