cellence, for a small garden, may not be unacceptable. Yellow fruited. Washington, Yellow Gage. Reine Claude Vio Green fruited. Green Gage, Blue or Purple fruited. lette, or Blue Imperiatrice, Kirk's, Imperial Diadem, Purple Gage, Countless remedies have been proposed ||ing and placing it in the hands of some for the mitigation of the evil, caused by the skilful entomologist, to set the matter at curculio, which are directed to the destruc-rest. Practically, however, this knowledge tion of the insect in a winged state, when is, perhaps, of no great consequence, as it engaged in perpetrating the mischief, whilst is known that the larvae leave the diseased the tree is yet in bloom but there is but branches in July, and a knowledge of this one easy, certain, and efficacious method single fact should be sufficient to impre s of putting a stop to its ravages, viz., by upon the horticulturist the necessity of cutdestroying it in the larvæ or grub state afing off and extirpating (burning is the ter it has fallen from the tree, and before i best method), entirely, all those branches has left the fruit. In plum orchards no which show the least symptoms of disease, thing can be more easily accomplished. before that month commences. In this way The cultivator has only to turn in his the insect may be wonderfully diminished in swine, and allow them to devour the fruit numbers, and probably entirely subdued.— The Reine Claude Violette, or purple daily as it falls from the tree, and every in- The branches of some kinds of plum (forgage, is one of the most delicious of plums. sect will perish. This has been test-tunately the least valuable, as the horse The Blue Imperiatrice is excellent, and keeps ed repeatedly, and with uniform suc plum and the damson) seem to be sought a long time after ripening. Coe's Golden cess. The curculio, though a a wing in preference, by the insect, when depositing drop and the Washington are very large ed insect, is scarcely a migratory one, its egg; but if its ravages are permitted to and luscious fruit; and the Nectreine and seldom leaving the neighborhood of the extend unchecked, the other and more preKirk's plum, are very beautiful, of large tree under which it emerged from the soil, cious varieties will also fall a prey. To size, and fine flavored. The Azure Hative and it has been found that, of two trees so great an extent did the damage caused may, in addition to the above, be recom-standing in adjoining gardens, one of them by this single insect spread, about thirty mended as a very early variety, and the years since, in some parts of the State of White Magnum Bonum, or egg plum, as New-York, that scarcely a plum tree sur being suitable for preserving. vived the disease, owing to the ignorance of its habits prevalent among the cultiva tors at that time. There is but one more insect which is generally destructive to the plum tree in America—the borer (Egeria exitiosa, Say), which attacks also the peach tree, and oth er stone fruits, just below the surface of the ground. The eggs of this insect are de posited in the bark of the tree, close to the earth, and the grub, upon hatching, pene. trates further down, and bores its way around the trunk, and if undisturbed, completely destroys the albumen, or young wood, and ultimately causing the death of the tree. As these larvæ are always found in a particular place, technically called the neck of the tree, just below the surface of the soil, the proprietors of extensive peach orchards have found it the most effective and speedy method of extermination, to examine their trees every fall, removing the earth two or three inches deep, and upon the appearance of gum (a sure symptom), searching out and destroying the larva, with a knife for that purpose. A laborer, with trifling practice, will examine a great number of trees in a day, and with this slight annual care, whole orchards are, so far as the borer is concerned, preserved in most vigorous health. From successful practice, we cannot but think this the most unfailing method with the plum also.— Boiling hot water, poured around the trunk of the tree, will, without any injury, in many cases, destroy the larvæ; and soap-suds have been recommended for the same purpose. The public prints abound, lately, with accounts of the efficacy of a deposit of coal ashes around the trunk a and roots of the tree, but we need some further proofs of the value of this remedy, placing much reliance in its vir Yours, was attacked, and the fruit destroyed, whilst the neighboring one, when pains had been taken to destroy the insects, remained Diseases of the Plum.-The plum tree laden with a beautiful crop. In small, garis subject in this country, in many districts, dens, therefore, when the number of trees to the attacks of two or three insects is limited, it would well repay the trouble which commit great havoc in their respec-of gathering up and destroying the green tive methods, and which, owing to the fruit, as in a short time, the whole brood culpable ignorance or negligence of culti- would be exterminated. It should be obvators, are permitted to increase and dis-served that when the soil has been trodden seminate themselves, ad libitum. The first hard, when it has been paved underneath and most troublesome of these visitors, is the branches, or in situations where the tree the Curculio nenuphar of Herbot.* It is a has inclined over a sheet of water, the small winged insect, searcely a fourth of an larvæ of the curculio, not being able to find inch in length, furnished with a sharp ro- its way readily into the soil, perishes, and strum or bill, with which it pierces the em- the trees bear abundantly. This is ob bryo fruit as soon as it is formed in the ex-viously the reason why the trees in the panded blossom. Though the insect itself hard trodden or paved yards of cities, of is too inconspicuous to attract the eye of a ten yield such surprising crops-and the careless observer, amidst the countless my-amateur horticulturist may draw a useful riads of ephemeral winged creations of a lesson from this fact. spring day, yet the watchful horticulturist Another most troublesome malady to may discover it in great numbers fitting which the plum is liable in some parts of about in the trees, while yet laden with the country, is commonly known by the blossoms, and puncturing the newly form-name of the knots. It exhibits itself in the ed fruit to deposit the egg which is to con- form of rough black excrescences upon the tinue its race. These punctures may first branches, of various sizes, from the scarce be discovered when the fruit begins to ly perceptible swelling, to bunches of the swell, and when it has attained half or a size of the fist. If permitted to extend it fourth of its size; they are very distinct to self, it soon covers the whole tree, appathe eye, remaining in the form of a cresrently disseminating its poisonous influence cent-shaped scar, upon the surface of the by the medium of the sap through the engreen fruit. The egg in the mean time tire individual. On dissecting an infected hatches, and the larvæ silently works its way branch, the wood and bark, in the discard towards the stein of the fruit, which, as soon ed part, is found black and dry, and the as it has reached that point, falls from the whole vegetable substance is changed in tree. The whole crop is in many cases appearance; if long diseased, the conduct where the careless cultivator has suffered ing vessels are dead and dried up, and this the annual increase of the curculio, drops in malignant influence may be seen extend this manner prematurely from the tree, to ing itself upwards, first visible in the pith, the great mortification and astonishment and afterwards in the heart-wood, until the of those persons unfamiliar with the habits whole branch is destroyed. Upon opening of the insect race, who can see no cause of these protuberances carefully, at a certain such a destruction of fruit. When the season of the year, the close observer will fruit has fallen to the ground, the grub or detect the larvæ of an insect of the weevil before larvæ, obeying the instinct of nature, afteif family, and which Professor Peck believes tue. a short time, leaves the now useless and to be the same insect (the curculio) Ryndecayed plum, and finding its way into the chanus cerasi, which attacks the fruit-he soil, remains there at some depth below the having reared it from the grub that inhabsurface, to come forth in the succeeding its the excrescences of the cherry tree.spring, in its winged state, to go through But we are inclined to believe this insect its little round of existence again. another and a totally distinct species, and shall endeavor, the present season, by rear *RYNCAHENUSREC ASI Peck C. & A. J. DOWNING, From the New-York Farmer. above named hoe. To us they appear well produce of a short horn cow is furnished us guage. milker. CASHMERE GOATS.-We copy from the and the like difference in a third space of time and so on. 6th. Milk which is put into a pail or any other vessel and carried in it at any distance so as to be agitated and in part cooled before it is put into the milk pans to settle for cream, never throws up so much nor so rich cream as if the same milk had been put into the milk pans directly after it was milked. From the above it follows, the Dairy as possible, and in addition to its preventing the agitation and cooling of the milk, if pastures are near the Dairy the cows are not heated by driving. 1st. That cows should be milked as near 5th. Thick milk always throws up a smaller proportion of the cream it actually contains to the surface, than milk which is thinner, but the cream is a richer quality; and if water is added to that thick milk, it We give the description in his own lan-cover of the May number of the Farmer, of cream than it would have done if allowed will afford a considerably greater quantity the short notice in relation to this beautiful to remain pure; but the quality at the same Mr. T. Collins, takes the libery of pre-animal. We expected to have had an en-time is greatly debased. senting to Mr. D. K. Minor, a set of "Bur-graving and more full account of the animal lington Weeding Hoes," and recommends for this number. the kind, from several years experience, as From the May No. of the New-York Farmer. the best he has seen. Their principal use CASHMERE GOATS.-We were invited, is for destroying weeds while small: in the a few days since, by Mr. J. DONALDSON hands of an experienced gardner, they make KINNEAR, of Albany, to view a Cashmere great despatch. Narrow зawblades, of the Goat. Mr. Kinnear, through the aid of best quality as to temper, should be used; relatives in France, purchased a pair of and the holes for rivets should be punched these beautiful and rare animals, from a through the sawplate without heating, in geatleman who owns the only flock in order that the temper may not be injured.-France; and they were brought from Paris The thinnest sawbaldes are to be preferred, to Havre in the Diligence, and there put 2d. It is highly injurious to put the milk as they can never be very dull, and may some cause, the voyage was too much fored, to remain there until all the cows are on board of one of the packets, but from in large Dairies into one vessel as it is milkthe sooner be sharpened. Half worn the back, which died, as well as the young for an additional reason to the agitation and milked before it is put into milk pans, and “bucksaws” will answer for this purpose. kid, which was added to the family on the cooling, that it mixes the bad with the good Burlington, July 4th, 1836. Extract of a letter dated Columbia Pa. 18th June 1836. and although very lean, is a beautiful voyage. The doe, however, survived; milk. As to the crops, you have probably receiv-animal; being, as we were informed, the ed accounts from different parts of the coun- first ever imported into this country, will, try. In this county (Lancaster Pa.) we we hope, be the first of numerous flocks shall not harvest one eighth of a crop of which shall in a few years cover our hills; wheat throughout the county, by the Fly and we trust that Mr. Kinnear may soon attacking it in the fall, and at two different replace his loss, and be successful, in times this spring. We have not had so rearing a flock which may be profitable. poor a prospect within the recollection of Why may we not, in a few years, manuthe oldest inhabitants. Some thirty years We MAY-and shall do it-and compete facture Cashmere shawls, as well as silk? back, they say the Fly was bad in some fields, but this spring it is much more genwith the foreign manufacture in thie as in eral. Rye has been injured very much by every thing else we undertake. the long continued spell of wet weather, being in flower and much of it lodged and now rotted; corn much cut off by the cutworm and planted twice, and some the third MR. HOLMES: As great improvements time not all up yet, which will probably may be made in the quality as well as quannot ripen, many fields however, have escap-tity of butter from the same milk, by some ed and look well. Oats, Barley and Grass, look very favorable. Respectfully yours, &c. From the New-York Farmer. The Elms, Throgs Neck, June, 1836. To the Editor of the New York Farmer. SIR-If you think the following state ment of the produce of a Cow worth inserting in your valuable Magazine, you can do it. From the Maine Farmer. variation from the common mode of manag- 1st. Exp. Several large tea cups exactly separate from the last drawn as the quality 3d. The first drawn milk should be kept of the butter will be improved in proportion to the smallness of the proportion of the last drawn milk that is retained. 4th, If the quality is only alluded to, it is the last drawn milk, but also to take nothnot only necessary to separate the first from ing but the cream that is first separated from the best milk. The remainder of the sweet milk cheeses, or it may be allowed to milk, may be either employed in making stand to throw up cream for making butter of an inferior quality. 5th. According to the preceeding, the best butter could only be made with economy in those dairies where the manufacture of cheese is the principal object. In such dai ries a small portion of the last drawn milk should be set apart for butter, all the rest may be made into cheese while it is yet warm from the cow and perfectly sweet, and if only that portion of cream which rises during the three or four hours after milking is to be reserved for butter, the rich milk which is left, after the cream is separated, being still perfectly sweet, may be converted into cheese with as great advantage nearly as the newly-milked milk itself. 6th. As purchasers would not be found wanting to buy the fresh butter made in the manner above pointed out, at the price that would indemnify the farmer for his trouble in making it. These hints are thrown up merely to satisfy the curious in what way 2d. The difference in quality was greater butter possessing this superior degree of than the difference in quantity. In the first excellence may be obtained, but for the cup the cream was a thin tough film, and ordinary market, the writer is satisfied, very white, but in the last of a thick butera. from experience and attentive observation, ceous consistence, and of a glowing rich-that if in general about the first drawn half ness of color, that no other kind of cream is found to possess. The cow is of the short horn Durham breed, a twin, her dam having had twins three times in four years, she is a bay, her sister pure white, now in possession of my neighbor Mrs. Post. My cow calved on the 16th March, her calf remained from her 19 3d. The difference in the quality of the days, raised on the skim milk, until my milk was perhaps still greater than either. other cow came in on the 20th April. The in respect to the quantity or the quality of produce of butter was in that time, say 35 days, 54 lbs., and two butchers, although not sold to kill, pronounced her the best and heaviest calf they had seen that season. will only observe, I keep but two cows and they are kept and feed in the yard. Yours respectfully, THOS. ASH. The above remarkable account of the the cream. In the first cup it was a thin 4th. The cream which first rises is richer of the milk be separated at each milking, and the remainder only set up for producing cream, and if that milk be allowed to stand to throw up the whole of its cream, even till it begins sensibly to taste sourish, and if that cream is afterwards carefully managed, the butter thus obtained will be of a quality greatly superior to what can usually be obtained at market, and its quantity not considerably less than if the whole of the milk had been treated alike. This therefore s the practice that is thought most likely to suit the frugal farmer, as his butter though of a superior quality, could be offered at a price that would always insure it a rapid sale. From the preceding the following course is recommended to farmers, particularly those who have small dairies. Let a quan tity of milk from the first drawing, sufficient for family use, including the supply of cream be taken from the cows on a farm, and set the remainder for cream to make butter for the market. It will take less time to convert such cream into butter, and the butter from such cream will be of a superior quality. OFFICE PONTCHARTRAIN, RAILROAD CO. HUDSON & BERKSHIRE RAILROAD NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS. THE Board of Directors of this Company, will pay the sum of five thousand dollars to the inventor or SEALED PROPOSALS will be received projector, of a machine or plan to prevent the escape by the Hudson & Berkshire Railroad Comburning wood, and which shall be finally adopted for until the 20th day of July, for excavating of sparks from the Chimney of Locomotive Er gines,pany, at their office in the city of Hudson, use of the Company. for the right of the Company to use the same. No further change to be inade and embanking 16 miles of their road from By order of the Board, Chatham 4 Corners to the city of Hudson. JNO. B. LEEFE, Secretary. Also 2 bridges of 50 and 70 feet span. Pro. files of the route will be exhibited at the Railroad office in the city of Hudson, divided into sections of half a mile and one mile each, for examination, by the 1st of July next. Proposals will also be received for furnishing 300,000 feet of white pine, chestnut, or white hemlock sills, 5 by 8 and 16 feet long; and 10,000 chestnut ties, 8 feet long and 6 inches square. 11-3m. TO CONTRACTORS. Engineer Department York and Ma- To satisfy myself of the difference in the milk in the first and last drawn from the same cow, I had a tumbler nearly filled with YORK, JULY 10, 1836. first drawn milk, taking about an eqnal PROPOSALS will be received until Saturday, the quantity from each teat-a second tumbler 30th inst. in York, for the graduation and Masonry of was then filled with about an equal quantity, the whole line of this road, extending from the State line to York, a distance of nearly 20 miles. This if any thing a little of the last drawing, tak-road is a continuation of the Baltimore and Susque ing about an equal quantity from each teat. hannah Railroad, and is the final letting on the line of The result was scarcely any cream from the Railroad from York to Baltimore. On this letting is first, and it could not be well sepprated from Tunnel of about 300 feet in length. the milk. The cream did not exceed in Hatlowell, June 17, 1836. We take the following letter in relation to the Sugar Beet from the New England Farmer. It relates to a subject which is becoming of much interest in France, and will we doubt not attract attention, and become a profitable business in this country. SUGAR BEET SEED. Washington, June 27, 1836. THOMAS G. FESSENDEN, ESQ. Dear Sir-I have precured a small quantity of the seed of Sugar Beet, which I shall send to you to-day by Mr. William W. Stone, who will be in Boston on Friday or Saturday of this week. The cultivation of this vegetable, and the manufacture of sugar from it in France has become of great consequence in that courtry, and is, I think, attracting much attention on this side the Atlantic. It appears to me the cultivation of the Beet in some of the Western States can be carried forward with great success. I do not know whether it can be made profitable in New England, but will thank you to distribute the seed 1 now send to you among our agricultural friends, and to accept the assurances with which I remain, dear sir, Your faithful and ob't serv't. By the Editor. The above with the parcels of Sugar Beet seed therein alluded to, have laid us under renewed obligations to the Hon. writer, whose patriotic efforts promote the most important interests of his country, deserve the gratitude of every friend to mankind. We shall distribute the seeds in small portions among cultivators who will be likely to make the most of them. As the season is far advanced, it will, we think, be advisable to soak the seeds in warm water at least 48 hours before planting, which will much accelerate their ger mination. a Persons unknown to the undersigned must accompany their proposals with recommendations. July 15, 1836. ISAAC TRIMBLE, TO CONTRACTORS. Lawrenceburgh, Indiana, and follows the Valley of This division commences near the Ohio River at Plans and Profiles of the Route and proposed Persons applying for contracts will be expected, unless personally known to the company or engineer, to present with their pro posals, recommendations as to their ability to perform their contracts. GEORGE RICH, Chief Engineer. Hudson, June 25, 1836. 25-tj20 NOTICE OF THE NEW-YORK AND 21-tf ARCHIMEDES WORKS. (100 North Moor street, N. Y.) NEW-YORK, February 12th, 1836. THE undersigned begs leave to inform the proprie. tors of Railroads that they are prepared to furnish all kinds of Machinery for Railroads, Locomotive Engines ful operation on the Camden and Amboy Railroad, of any size, Car Wheels, such as are now in successnone of which have failed-Castings of all kinds, Wheels, Axles, and Boxes, furnished at shortest notice. H. R. DUNHAM & CO. 4-ytf TO CONTRACTORS. PROPOSALS will be received at the Office of the Eastern Railroad Company, Boston, between the 28th and 30th inst, for the grading and masonry of said Road from East Bosion to Newburyport, a distance of 33 miles The line of this road is along a favorable country, passing threugh Lynn, Salem, Beverly, and Ipswich, which places will afford contractors every facility for ready, and may be seen at the Office, after the 22d obtaining provisions, &c. Plans and Profiles will be instant. Satisfactory recommendations must accompany the proposals of those who are unknown to the Engineer. JOHN M. FESSENDEN, Engineer. 22-130j THE SUBSCRIBER is authorised to sell PAGE'S MORTICING MACHINES, to be used in any of the Western, Southern, or Middle States, (except New-Jersey,) and also to sell Rights for Towns, Counties, or States, in the same region, including New-York. MACHINES will be furnished complete, ready to work, and at a liberal discount to those who purchase territory, or machines to sell again. Applications may be made by letter, post paid, or personally, to D. K. MINOR, Agent for Proprietor, Terms of single machines, $30 to $35, for common morticing; and $50 to $60. for HUB machines, which, in the hands of an experienced man, will mortice 14 to 16 setts of common carriage or wagon hubs per day. WILL be published, in a few days, NICHOLSON's Treatise on Architecture.Also, PAMBOUR on Locomotive Engines on Railroads. FRAME BRIDGES. NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS. THE subscriber would respectfully inform the pub. JAMES RIVER AND KANAWHA CANAL. lic, and particularly Railroad and Bridge CorporaPROPOSALS will be received at the Office of the ta.ions that he will build Frame Bridges, or vend the James River and Kanawha Company, in the City of right to others to build, on Col. Long's Patent, through Richmond, from the 15th to the 23rd day of August, out the United States, with few exceptions. The folfor the construction of all the Excavation, Embank-lowing sub-Agents have been engaged by the 'underment and Walling not now under contract, together signed who will also attend to this business, viz. with nearly all the Culverts and the greater portion of Horace Childs, Henniker, N. H. the Locks between Lynchburg and Maidens' Adven gure. The work now advertised embraces the twenty miles between Columbia and the head of Maid ns' Adventure Pond, the eight miles between Seven Is land Falls and Scottsville, and about twenty isolated, sections, reserved at the former letting, between Scottsville and Lynchburg. The quantity of masonry offered is very greatconsisting of about two hundred Culverts of from three to thirty feet span; nine Aqueducts, thirty-five Locks a number of Wastes, with several farm and road Bridges. General plans and specifications of all the work, and special plans of the most important Culverts and Aqueducts, will be found at the offices of the several Principal Assistant Engineers on the line of the Canal. The work will be prepared for examination by the 25th July; but mechanics, well recommended, des rous of immediate employment, can obtain contracts for the construction of a number of Culverts at private Jetting. Persons offering to contract, who are unknown to the subscriber, or any of the Assistant Engineers, will be expected to accompany their proposals by the usual .certificates of character and ability CHARLES ELLET, Jr., Chief Engineer of the James River and Kanawha Company NOTE. The Dams, Guard-Locks, most of the Bridges, and a number of Locks and Culverts, are reserved for a future letting. Persons visiting the line for the purpose of obtaining work, would do well to call at the office of the Company in the city of Rich mond, where any information which they may des.re will be cheerfully communicated. The valley of James River, between Lynchburg and Richmond, is healthy. (20-ta 18) C. E. Jr. RAILWAY IRÖN. 95 tons of 1 inch by inch. 200 do 1 do do 40 do 14 do #do 800 do 2 do do 800 do 2 do # do FLAT BARS in lengths of 14 to 15 feet, counter sunk holes, ends cut at an angle of 45 degrees, with splicing plates and nails to suit. soon expected. 250 do. of Edge Rails of 36 lbs. per yard, with the requisite chairs, keys, and pins. Wrought Iron Rims of 30, 33, and 36 inches diameter for Wheels of Railway Cars, and of 60 inches diameter for Locomotive Wheels. Fsq., Alexander Mc Arthur, John Mahan, Thomas H. Cushing, Ira Blake, Amos Whit more, Samuel Herrick, Simeon Herrick, Capt. Isaac Damon, Lyman Kingsly, Elijah Halbert, Joseph Hebard, Col. Sherman Peck, Andrew E. Turnbull, William J. Turnbull, Sabried Dodge, Esq., Booz M. Atherton, Esq. Stephen Daniels, John Rodgers, John Tillson, Capt. John Bottom, Nehemiah Osborn, Mount Morris, N. Y. do Dover, N. H. Wakefield, N. H. Hancock, N. H. do Springfield, Vermont. do do Northampton, Mass. do Waterloo, N. Y. Dunkirk, N. Y. Hudson, Ohio. do Lower Sandusky, Ohio. do do MILL-DAM FOUNDRY. TO BE SOLD OR LEASED the above well known establishment, situated one mile from Boston. The improvements consist of, No. 1. Boiler House, 50 feet by 30 feet, containing all the necessary machinery for making boilers for Locomotive and other steam Engines. No. 2. Blacksmith's Shop, 50 feet by 20, fitted with cranes for heavy work. No. 3. Locomtive House, 54 feet by 25, used for putting together Locomotive En. gines. Several of the best Engines in use in the United States have been put in this establishment. No. 4. A three story brick building, covered with slate, 120 feet by 46, containing two water-wheels, equal to 40 horse power; Machine Shop, filled with lathes, &o.; Pat tern Shop; Rolling Mill and Furnaces, ca pable of rolling 4 tons of iron per diem, exclusive of other work; three Trip Ham mers, one of which is very large; engine for blowing Cupola Furnaces, moved by water. wheel; one very superior 12 horse Steam Engine, which could be dispensed with; and a variety of other machinery. (Civil Engineer,) Ohio. New-Philadelphia, Ohio. Marietta, Ohio Louisville, Kentucky. St. Francisville, Lous'a. Tonawanda, Penu Rochester, N. Y. Bridges on the above plan are to be seen at the following localities, viz. On the main road leading from Baltimore to Washington, two miles from the former place. Across the Metawamkeag river on the Mili- No. 5. An Iron Foundry, 80 feet by 45, tary road, in Maine. On the National road in Illinois, with a superior air Furnace, and two Cupoat sundry points. On the Baltimore and Susquehan-las, Core' oven, Cranes, &c. fitted for the na Rrailroad at three points. On the Hudson and Patterson Railroad, in two places. On the Boston and Worcester Railroad, at several points. On the Bosthe Contocook river at Hancock, N. II. ton and Providence Railroad, at sundry points. Across Connecticut river at Haverhill, N. H. Contoocook river, at Henniker, N. H. Across the Souhegan river, at Milford, N. H. Across the Kennebec river, at Waterville, in the state of MaineAcross the Genesse river, at Mount Morris, NewYork, and several other bridges are now in progress. The undersigned is about to fix his residence in Rochester, Monroe country, New-York, where he will promptly attend to orders in this line of business to any practicable extent in the United States, Mary-making Cast Steel. This building has land excepted. BOAT SPIKES. Axles of 24, 24, 24, 3, 34, 31, and 34 inches in diameter, for Railway Cars and Locomotives, of patent iron. The above will be sold free of duty, to State Gov-versal use in the United States (as well as England, ernments and Incorporated Governments, and the drawback taken in part payment. A. & G. RALSTON, 9 South Front street, Philadelphia. Models and samples of all the different kinds of Rails, Chairs, Pins, Wedges, Spikes, and Splicing Plates, in use both in this country and Great Britain, will be exhibited to those disposed to examine them. 4-d7 Imeowr RAILROAD CAR WHEELS AND BOXES, AND OTHER RAILROAD CASTINGS. Also, AXLES furnished and fitted to wheels complete at the Jefferson Cotton and Wool Machine Fac tory and Foundry, Paterson, N. J. All orders ad dressed to the subscribers at Paterson, or 60 Wall street, New-York, will be promptly attended to. Also, CAR SPRINGS. Also, Flange Tires, turned complete. 18 ROGERS, KETCHUM & GROSVENOR. STEPHENSON, Builder of a superior style of Passenger No. 264 Elizabeth street, near Bleecker street, RAILROAD COMPANIES would do well to examine these Cars; a specimen of which may be seen on that part of the New-York and Harlaem Railroad now in operation J25tt ALBANY EAGLE AIR FURNACE AND MACHINE SHOP. WILLIAM V. MANY manufactures to order, IRON CASTINGS for Gearing Mills and Factories o every description. ALSO Steam Engines and Railroad Castings o every description. The collection of Patterns for Machinery, is not equalled in the United States. 19-1y where the subscriber obtained a patent,) are found superior to any ever offered in market. largest work. Attached to the Foundry is a large ware-house, containing Patterns for the Castings of Hydraulic Presses, Locomotive and other Steam Engines, Lead Mill Rolls, Geering, Shafts, Stoves, Grates, &c, These were made of the most durable materials, under the direction of a very scientific and practical Engineer, and are sup posed to be of great value. No. 6. A building, 65 feet by 36, containing a large stack of chimneys, and furnaces, for been used as a boarding-house, and can accommodate a large number of men. 30, containing counting room, several store No, 7. A range of buildings, 200 feet long by rooms, a Brass Foundry, room for cleaning castings, a large loft for storing patterns, stable for two horses, &c. &e. The Troy Iron and Nail Factory keeps constantly for sale a very extensive assortment of Wrought Spikes and Nails, from 3 to 10 inches, manufactured The above establishment being on tide by the subscriber's Patent Machinery, which after five years successful operation, and now almost uni-water, presents greater advantages for some kinds of business than any other in the United States. Coal and Iron can be carried Railroad Companies may be supplied with Spikes from vessels in the harbors of Boston, to the having countersink heads suitable to the holes in iron wharf in front of the Factory, at 25 to 30 rails, to any amount and on short notice. Almost all cents per ton. Some of the largest jobs of the Railroads now in progress in the United States are iron work have been completed at this es fastened with Spikes made at the above named fac-tablishment; among others, the great chain tory-for which purpose they are found invaluable, as their adhesion is more than double any common and lift pumps for freeing the Dry Dock at spikes made by the hammer. the Navy Yard, Charleston. *All orders directed to the Agent, Troy, N. Y., will be punctually attended to. HENRY BURDEN, Agent. Troy, N. Y., July, 1831. P. S.-Railroad Companies would do well to for- No. 2 Liberty street, New-York. No. 8 State street, Albany N. B. Also furnished to order, Shapes of every descrption, made from Salisbury refined Iron. 4-ytf The situation for Railroad work is excel lent, being in the angle formed by the crossing of the Providence and Worcester Rail, running on the latter road, and the "Bosroads. The Locomotive "Yankee," now ton," purchased by the State of Pennsvi vania, were built at these works. With the Patterns and Machinery now n the premi ses, 20 Locomotives, and as many tenders, besides a great quantity of cars and wagons, could be made per annum. For terms, apply to THE NEWCASTLE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, incorporated by the State of Delaware, with a capital of 200,000 dollars, are prepared to ex ecute in the first style and on liberal terms, at their extensive Finishing Shops and Foundries for Brass ard Iron, situated in the town of Newcastle, Delaware, all orders for LOCOMOTIVE and other Steam Engines, and for CASTINGS of every description in Brass or Iron RAILROAD WORK of all kinds finished in the best manner. and at the shortest notice. Orders to be addressed to MR. EDWARD A. G. YOUNG, feb 20-ytf Superintendent, Newcastle, Del. 5, 1 As "M" quotes the cost of this canal from Mr. J's report, correctly, and gives its width 90 feet, depth 8 feet, and lockage 180 1-2 feet, (a little more than half the Niagara lockage,) is it not singular that "M" omits to compare the size of the locks of Mr. Johnson with those of Capt. Williams, calculated for the national work, to transfer the trade from ene lake to another, and even the hull of a frigate, and the largest steamhoat that floats on the lakes. Capt. Williams' locks are 200 feet long, 50 wide, 10 feet lift, of cut stone-whilst the canal itself is two feet deeper than Mr. Johnson's, This important variation in cost of single and 20 feet wider,-principally cut through nessed the ascent of a locomotive, made by locks, $1,041,696, "M," with some pecu-a limestone rock, with a magnificent basin Mr. Wm. Norris of Philadelphia, on the liarity, omits to notice, when he compares at Lewiston of 100 acres, 100 feet above Schuylkill inclined plane, the grade being the cost of Capt. Williams' Ship Canal, 110 the Niagara river. These facts will acSchuylkill inclined plane, the grade being feet wide, 10 feet deep, with Mr. John-count for the difference in the estimate per ...: 369 feet per mile, and drawing after it a weight of over 15 tons. We shall in our to Utica with single locks, 130 by 30 feet, be considered an answer to "M's" inquison's estimates for a canal from Oswego mile!! of the two works, and I trust will next give the particulars of this very inter-cross section 90 by 8 feet. The answersies particularly after I state, that Mr. esting experiment.zah om zomato " M's" queries are simple, and can rea- Johnson's able report, had to undergo the We shall also give a comparative state-dily be given by Mr. Johnson, Capt. Wil- ordeal of a kicking and cuffing, by three of ment of the performances of locomotives up liams, or any one who has read the able re- the State Engineers, after it was presented to the present time. The next numberports of these engineers, to the Legislature. See R. R. Jour., |