HUDSON & BERKSHIRE RAILROAD NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS. SEALED PROPOSALS will be received It should be raised from the seed in the || foolscap writing-paper, and hold it close to manner I have described. If transplanted, the fire until all its hygrometic moisture is its tap-roots will never grow, and the qual-dissipated, but not so as to scorch it; in ity of the wood is much impaired. Besides, this state it is one of the finest electrics by the Hudson & Berkshire Railroad Comit will be more apt to be blown down, being we have. Hold one end down on a table pany, at their office in the city of Hudson, supported only by lateral roots, these tak with the finger and thumb, and give it until the 20th day of July, for excavating ing their sole pabulum from the rich loam about a dozen strokes with a large piece of and embanking 16 miles of their road from on the surface, and giving to the wood a India-rubber from the left to the right, be- Chatham Corners to the city of Hudson. soft spongy texture. ginning at the top. Now take it up by Also 2 bridges of 50 and 70 feet span. PrcAs an article for fence posts, I can safely two of the corners and bring it over the files of the route will be exhibited at the recommend it as one of the cheapest and tray, and it will fall down on it like a Railroad office in the city of Hudson, divid most durable. In this latter quality it ap-stone; if one finger be now brought undered into sections of half a mile and one mile proximates more nearly to cedar than any the tray, a sensible shock will be felt, Now each, for examination, by the 1st of July wood I know. It may be planted where the lay a needle on the tray with its point pro- next. Proposals will also be received for fence is intended to be run, and your rails jecting out wards, remove the paper, and a furnishing 300,000 feet of white pine, chestmay be nailed to the body of the tree. The star sign of the negative electricity will be nut, or white hemlock sills, 5 by 8 and 16 superfluous branches will afford an excel-seen; return the paper, and the positive feet long; and 10,000 chestnut ties, 8 feet brush will appear, In fact, it forms a very long and 6 inches square. lent fire-wood. The foilage of this tree affords a wholesome provender for cattle. Horses, cows, hogs, sheep, &c. will eat the leaves greedily. When dried and mixed with hay, I know of no better medicine for cattle of every kind. Such are the vermifugous qualities of the entire tree, that I never fail to give it to my animals every spring. A few leaves given to horses once or twice a week, will afford them a most beautiful coat of hair. A decoction of its root administered in small doses to children every morning for nine days, will effectually destroy worms in them. A correspondent of yours has already testified as to the excellence of Pride of India leaves and berries as a manure; and also as a preventive to bugs. To his testimony, I can safely add my own. I have tried both experiments, and have experienced the most beneficial results. With every wish for your success, MrEditor, I subscribe myself From the Genesee Farmer. COLBERT. WHO WILL NOT PLANT A LOCUST TREE? A Mr. Hale of Westhampton, (Mass.) obtained last year for thirteen locust trees, delivered at the river in West Springfield, 50 cents per cubic foot including all the limbs, except those quite small. The trees measured 306 feet, and amounted to 153 dol. lars; thus producing 153 dollars for less than two and a half cords of wood. Let us make this fact the basis of a little calculation. The locust will thrive abundantly on favorable soils when planted a rod apart, or one hundred and sixty on an acre. Mr. Hale's trees averaged him $11,72 a tree, which for an acre of trees of the same size would bring one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five dollars twenty cents. It has been estimated that six locust trees of twelve years growth will produce a cord of wood, and in many instances they have far exceeded it; but to be on the safe side, we will take six and a half and let them grow eighteen years instead of twelve, and then the avails of the acre will exceed one hun. dred dollars a year for the eighteen years. If this is not a handsome profit we know not what is; and there is this additional circumstance attending it; locust timber will not fall in price, as the demand, from the nature of the case, must continually increase. Then plant the locust by the way. side, fill up the vacancies in your wood 25-tj20 NOTICE OF THE NEW-YORK AND ERIE RAILROAD COMPANY. good extemporaneous electrophorus, which Persons applying for contracts will be ex- G. DAKIN. a 11th of July at Monticello. Future notice shall be 21-tf ARCHIMEDES WORKS. (100 North Moor street, N. Y.) NEW-YORK, February 12th, 1836. THE undersigned begs leave to inform the proprietors of Railroads that they are prepared to furnish all kinds of Machinery for Railroads, Locomotive Engines of any size, Car Wheels, such as are now in successful operation on the Camden and Amboy Railroad, none of which have failed-Castings of all kinds, Agriculture aided by science, will make Wheels, Axles, and Boxes, furnished at shortest notice. little nation a great one. All the energy of the hero, and all the science of the philosopher, may find scope in the cultivation of one farm. H. R. DUNHAM & CO. 4-ytf TO CONTRACTORS. PROPOSALS will be received at the Office of the Eastern Railroad Company, Boston, between the 28th and 30th inst., for the grading and masonry of said Road from East Boston to Newburyport, a distance of 334 miles passing threugh Lynn, Salem, Beverly, and Ipswich, The line of this road is along a favorable country, which places will afford contractors every facility for obtaining provisions, &c. Plans and Profiles will be read, and may be seen at the Office, after the 22d instant. Satisfactory recommendations must accompany the proposals of those who are unknown to the Engineer. JOHN M. FESSENDEN, Engineer. 22-130j THE SUBSCRIBER is authorised to sell PAGE'S MORTICING MACHINES, to be used in any of the Western, Southern, or Middle States, (except New-Jersey,) and also to sell D. K. MINOR, Agent for Proprietor, 132 Nassau street, New-York. Terms of single machines, $30 to $35, for common morticing; and $50 to $60 lands with it-remembering that every one for HUB machines, which, in the hands of an experienced man, will mortice 14 to 16 that grows, puts in your pocket 100 per setts of common carriage or wagon hubs per day. cent per annum. G. ELECTRICAL SHOCK FROM A SHEET OF PAPER. Place an iron japanned tea tray on a dry, WILL be published, in a few days, NICHOLSON's Treatise on Architecture.clean beaker-glass, then take a sheet of Also, PAMBOUR on Locomotive Engines on Railroads. NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS. JAMES RIVER AND KANAWHA CANAL. FRAME BRIDGES. MILL-DAM FOUNDRY. THE subscriber would respectfully inform the pub- WILL be sold at public anction, (unless PROPOSALS will be received at the Office of the lic, and particularly Railroad and Bridge Corpora- previously disposed of at private sale,) James River and Kanawha Company, in the City of ta.ions that he will build Frame Bidges, or vend the the above well known establishment, situaRichmond, from the 15th to the 23rd day of August, right to others to build, on Col. Long's Patent, through-ted one mile from Boston. The improvefor the construction of all the Excavation, Embank-out the United States, with few exceptions. The folment and Walling not now under contract, together lowing sub-Agents have been engaged by the 'under-ments consist ofwith nearly all the Culverts and the greater portion of signed who will also attend to this business, viz. the Locks between Lynchburg and Maidens' AdvenHorace Childs, Henniker, N. H. Mount Morris, N. Y. do ture. The work now advertised embraces the twenty miles between Columbia and the had of Maidens' Adventure Pond, the eight miles between Seven island Falls and Scottsville, and about twenty isolated sections, reserved at the former letting, between Scottsville and Lynchburg. The quantity of masonry offered is very greatconsisting of about two hundred Culverts of from three to thirty feet span; nine Aqueducts, thirty-five Locks a number of Wastes, with several farm and road Bridges. General plans and specifications of all the work, and special plans of the most important Culverts and Aqueducts, will be found at the offices of the several Principal Assistant Engineers on the line of the Canal. The work will be prepared for examination by the 25th July; but mechanics, well recommended, des r ous of immediate employment, can obtain contracts for the construction of a number of Culverts at private letting. Persons offering to contract, who are unknown to the subscriber, or any of the Assistaat Engineers, will be expected to accompany their proposals by the usual 'certificates of character and ability. Alexander Me Arthur, Fsq., Amos Whit more, do do do do No. 1. Boiler House, 50 feet by 30 feet, containing all the necessary machinery for making boilers for Locomotive and other steam Engines. No. 2. Blacksmith's Shop, 50 feet by 20, fitted with cranes for heavy work. No. 3. Locomotive House, 54 feet by 25, used for putting together Locomotive En. gines. Several of the best Engines in use in the United States have been put in this jestablishment. No. 4. A three story brick building, eovered with slate, 120 feet by 46, containing two water-wheels, equal to 40 horse power; Machine Shop, filled with lathes, &; Pat tern Shop; Rolling Mill and Furnaces, capable of rolling 4 tons of iron per diem, exclusive of other work; three Trip Ham. Bridges on the above plan are to be seen at the fols, one of which is very large; engine for lowing localities, viz. On the main road leading from blowing Cupola Furnaces, moved by waterBaltimore to Washington, two miles from the former wheel; one very superior 12 horse Steam place. Across the Metawamkeag river on the Mili- Engine, which could be dispensed with; CHARLES ELLET, Jr., tary road, in Maine. On the National road in Illinois, and a variety of other machinery. Chief Engineer of the James River at sundry points. On the Baltimore and SusquehanNo. 5. An Iron Foundry, 80 feet by 45, and Kanawha Company. na Rrailroad at three points. On the Hudson and NOTE--The Dams, Guard-Locks, most of the Patterson Railroad, in two places. On the Boston and with a superior air Furnace, and two CupoBridges, and a number of Locks and Culverts, are Worcester Railroad, at several points. On the Bos-las, Core oven, Cranes, &c. fitted for the reserved for a future letting. Persons visiting the limeton and Providence Railroad, at sundry points. Across largest work. Attached to the Foundry is for the purpose of obtaining work, would do well to the Contocook river at Hancock, N. H. a large ware.house, containing Patterns for call at the office of the Company in the city of Rich- Connecticut river at Haverlill, N. II. the Castings of Hydraulic Presses, Locomond, where any information which they may desire Contoocook river, at Henniker, N. H. will be cheerfully communicated. Souhegan river, at Milford, N. II. Across the Ken-motive and other Steam Engines, Lead Mill nebec river, at Waterville, in the state of Maine. Rolls, Geering, Shafts, Stoves, Grates, &c. Across the Genesse river, at Mount Morris, New-These were made of the most durable ma. York, and several other bridges are now in progress.terials, under the direction of a very scienThe undersigned is about to fix his residence in Rochester, Monroe country, New-York, where he tific and practical Engineer, and are supwill promptly attend to orders in this line of business posed to be of great value. to any practicable extent in the United States, Maryland excepted. MOSES LONG, The valley of James River, between Lynchburg and Richmond, is healthy. (20-ta 18) C. E. Jr. AMES' CELEBRATED SHOVELS, SPADES, &c. 300 dozens Ames' superior back-strap Shovels -150 do do 150 do do 150 do do do plain do do cast steel Shovels & Spades -100 do do plated Spades WITHERELL, AMES & CO. No. 2 Liberty street, New-York. No. 8 State street, Albany. FLAT BARS in lengths of 14 to 15 feet, counter sunk holes, ends cut an an angle of 45 deg egrees, with splicing plates and nails to suit. 250 do. of Edge Rails of 36 lbs. per yard, with the requisite chairs, keys, and pins. Wrought Iron Rims of 30, 33, and 36 inches diameter for Wheels of Railway Cars, and of 60 inches diameter for Locomotive Wheels. Axles of 21, 21, 21, 3, 31, 31, and 31 inches in diameter, for Railway Cars and Locomotives, of patent iron. The above will be sold free of duty, to State Governments and Incorporated Governments, and the drawback taken in part payment. THE NEWCASTLE MANUFACTURING MR. EDWARD A. G. YOUNG, feb 20-yıf PATENT RAILROAD, SHIP AND The Troy Iron and Nail Factory keeps con- No. 6. A building, 65 feet by 36, containing a large stack of chimneys, and furnaces, for making Cast Steel. This building is at present used as a boarding-house, and can accommodate a large number of men. No, 7. A range of buildings, 200 feet long by 36, containing counting room, several store rooms, a Brass Foundry, room for cleaning castings, a large loft for storing patterns, stable for two horses, &c. &c. The above establishment being on tide water, presents greater advantages for some kinds of business than any other in the United States. Coal and Iron can be carried from vessels in the harbors of Boston, to the wharf in front of the Factory, at 25 to 30 cents per ton. Some of the largest jobs of Railroad Companies may be supplied with Spikes having countersink heads suitable to the holes in iron rails, to any amount and on short notice. Almost all the Railroads now in progress in the United States are fastened with Spikes made at the above named facron work have been completed at this estory-for which purpose they are found invaluable, tablishment; among others, the great chain as their adhesion is more than double any common and lift pumps for freeing the Dry Dock at spikes made by the hammer. the Navy Yard, Charleston. The situation for Railroad work is excellent, being in the angle formed by the crossing of the Providence and Worcester RailSpikes are kept for sale, at factory prices, by I. roads. The Locomotive "Yankee," now & J. Townsend, Albany, and the principal Iron Mer-running on the latter road, and the "Jonachants in Albany and Troy J.1. Brower, 222 Water street, New-York; A. M. Jones, Philadelphia; T. Janviers, Baltimore; Degrand & Smith, Boston. P. S.- Railroad Companies would do well to for- Also, AXLES furnished and fitted to wheels com- Also, Flange Tires, turned complete. than," purchased by the State of Pennsyl- For terms, apply to ALBANY EAGLE AIR FURNACE AND WILLIAM V. MANY manufactures to order, IRON CASTINGS for Gearing Mills and Factories of every description. ALSO-Steam Engines and Railroad Castings of every description. The collection of Patterns for Machinery, is not 9-1y equalled in the United States. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT NO. 132 NASSAU STREET, NEW-YORK, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. NEW-YORK, JULY 9, 1836. NEW ARRANGEMENT.-I take pleasure in announcing to the readers of my periodicals that I have taken as a partner, in the busi ness pertaining to them, Mr. GEORGE C. SCHAEFFER, a gentleman of education and a practical engineer. Mr. Schaeffer will hereafter have the principal charge of the editorial department of the Journal and Mechanics' Magazine-in the discharge of which duties he has for several months past taken an active part-and, as we have reason to believe, much to the satisfaction of our readers and patrons. With our united efforts we hope to render the periodicals worthy of a more extensive circulation. D. K. MINOR. and benefit of others. [VOLUME V-No. 27. NEW YORK AND ALBANY RAILROAD. The books of this important work, we are informed, will soon be opened. Its friends have had a topographical examina tion of the route, made the last month by Mr. J. D. Allen, an engineer of talents, and favorably known to the public on the Chenango canal, and several important works constructed by this State. We understand there are several highly faShould he succeed his most earnest de-vorable routes: 40 miles, on a very direct A powerful fire engine has recently been Chandler, of St. Lawrence county. exhibited in this city, by Mr. Thomas A. The peculiarities of this engine are, that it has four pumps or pistons, and two brakes, which may be worked together, or one at a time, as may be convenient. The piston rods are worked by rack and pinions, and against friction rollers, instead of with chains, as in the ordinary engine. Mr. Chandler's Engine has been tried twice in this city-first in Broadway, opposite the City Hall, next in the corporation yard. New-York, July 2nd, 1836. The first trial was made without any arThe undersigned has the pleasure of an: rangement to man it, and therefore was nouncing to his friends and to the readers worked by boys and such as were disposed of the Rail-Road Journal and Mechanics' to take hold of it; and from this and other Magazine, that he has become joint proprie-causes, it did not work satisfactorily to its tor and editor with Mr. D. K. MINOR, who owner, who found, on taking it apart, that has conducted these journals since their a quantity of gravel had, by some means, got into the machine, which probably prevented In making this announcement the under-it from having a fair trial. signed begs leave to waive the formality of At the second trial, water was thrown 75 making the usual protestations and claims feet high with twelve men, and through 104 to favor further than to state that the perse- feet of hose, 122 feet beyond the pipe, with verance and zeal with which these journals 16 men. In both instances a inch stream have heretofore been conducted are gua-was thrown at the latter trial. commencement. line. may be graded to nearly a perfect level, and at a very moderate expense, from the abundance of the requisite materials to construct the road. The line of the Road, on any of the routes, will not exceed the dis tance now traversed by the steamboats from this city to Albany, (160 miles.) A locomotive will diminish the distance one-third in time, and if requisite, to 6 or 7 hours, with perfect safety to the passengers. Boston will be placed within 12 hours of us. The country through which the line will probably pass, (which generally does not exceed 25 miles from the Hudson,) may be compared with the rich valley of the Mohawk, and with equal facilities for the construction of a Railroad, without stationary power and on a very direct line. It is most singular that this road, so important to our citizens and state, has not earlier claimed their attention. It will connect us with the rich agricultural and manufacturing districts of New England, and the counties of Westchester, Putnam,Dutchess, &c.; Albany and Troy at all seasons of the year; and with the Northern line of Railroads now constructing, by Utica, to Buffalo, on the West. On the East, it is proposed to run branches (allowed by the amended charter) to several points in Connecticut, and also to connect with the great Boston Western Railroad, at Stockbridge, the centre of our best iron and marble dis tricts. These valuable productions of na-do not desire personalities to be bandied in that my statements in the West Philadelphia Railroad report are correct, and that any engine made by Mr. Baldwin will perform the same on any well-constructed Railroad, if the engine is kept in proper running or We refer to the last paragraph of the der. I will also bet Mr, one thousand communication of C. W. R., in support of dollars that I will turn out an engine of my our opinion. He says--" In conclusion, I own manufacture within the present seabeg leave to state, that I shall be much pleas-son, that shali carry 200 tons gross over the The road will pass through one of the ed to be proved in error as to the power of Columbia and Philadelphia Railroad, which most fertile parts of Dutchess county, pro- locomotives, and should any of your numer- has grades of 45 feet rise per mile, at an av. nounced by judges amongst the best cultious contributors undertake the task, it will erage speed of 12 miles per hour: the train vated districts of this state. From Dutchess, be received with the spirit in which this is of-to consist of 50 cars. Putnam, and Westchester, we now draw fered-that of seeking the truth. I deem it proper also to remark, that Mr. largely for supplies to our markets, at a "Yours, &c., Baldwin now constructs all his engines after very heavy expense of transportation to the "C. W. R." one pattern, and that they are as nearly alike consumer; whilst large portions of their We have but one remark more to make. and of the same weight as they can possibly produce daily wanted on our tables, are per. In the first place, the statements of the be made. About a year since, he construcmitted to go to waste on their hands, for "extraordinary performances" on the Bal-ted 4 or 5 engines with outside connexions, want of a direct and cheap communication timore and Ohio Road, &c., were not in which differ slightly from some 20 or 30 with this city at all seasons of the year. tended as samples of every day work; but others constructed by him. They are, We could enumerate many articles, besides to prove that locomotives could do what very however, of about the same power as those iron and marble; such as hay, the coarse many have asserted they cannot. In this with inside connexions. grains, beef, poultry, vegetables, and regu-matter C. W. R., and others taking the lar supplies from the Dairy, in a cool and same ground, are in error. It is an easy matter for young men of little experience to call in question the state pure state, the want of all which, was Again: C. W. R. wishes, as well as oth-ments of others, and to figure in a public severely felt last winter, and has yearlyers, to know what improvements have been newspaper. I have no time, and but little increased, with our daily growing popu-made enabling locomotives to overcome inclination, to eater into a paper discussion greater obstacles than formerly, every of this subject with any one. I have no ob lation. a prac. Within the period of twelve years from thing else may grow and improve; but the jections, however, to give Mr. this date, we shall number 500,000 souls. laws of nature, and among them those of tical lesson on the subject of motive power, We venture little in predicting, that then mechanics, have not that "India rubber" and to back my assertions with my money. this road will be considered next in impor-elasticity that man's laws possess, on the I desire you to publish this letter, and tance, to supply the necessaries and com- contrary are fixed and immutable. This be- hope to hear in a short time of Mr. ——'s forts of life, to the aqueduct from the Croton, ing the case, these gentlemen, as they them-acceptance of one or both of my proposito supply us with water. selves say, would desire to have the rea-tions. sons, in black and white," for this unlooked for increase of power. LOCOMOTIVES ON INCLINED PLANES. It is the fault of imperfect humanity that different impressions are conveyed by the same object to different persons. "Stubborn facts" are not to be gainsaid-yet the deductions from the facts must of course be as diverse as the dispositions of the observers. It is owing to this that disputes even in regard to the most certain and fixed branches of science will occur; and it is to this circumstance that such remarkably discordant views are entertained in regard to the capabilities of locomotives. One day we receive a communication stating a certain performance, the certainty of the fact not being subject to a doubt. Presently some one writes us, saying-I have no doubt that such and such state. ments are true; but I cannot see why; for they are in direct contradiction to establish. ed laws of mechanics-presuming that our data are correct. That reasons good and sufficient can be given we have no doubt. Meanwhile, we shall be much obliged to Mr. C. for such particulars as he may be plessed to send us, in regard to his engines. The fact is, we are in a fair way to know much more about locomotion in this counry than in England, if we do not already excel; and improvement coming in so rapidly, entirely astounds some people. We also give a communication from a gentleman who, as we understand him, goes beyond C. W. R. in his calculations. All we want to see is fair play, and infor. Philadelphia, June 20, 1836. I am, Sir, very respectfully, To the Editor of the Railroad Journal. BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD EXPERIMENT. SIR-The Baltimore and Ohio Experiment reported in your Journal of the 12th March last, being frequently referred to as a proof of the facility with which steep locomotive engines, it is to be feared is calgrades on Railroads may be overcome by culated to produce an injurious effect on the cause of internal improvement, by exciting hopes which cannot be realised, as the majority of persons interested in Railroads are unacquainted with the mathematical and mechanical principles necessary to enable them to form correct conclusions in such matters. It is stated in the report that an engine weighing 8 tons drew a load of 20 tons, including its own weight, up a plane as. cending 264 feet in a mile. This is certainly a very extraordinary performance, and shows the immense power of the engine employed. We shall make this more SIR-My attention this morning was directed to a communication, in your Journal of the 30th April, signed "C. R. W.," and dated "Montreal, 29th March." It is well Some time since we published a commu- known to me that this communication is nication signed C. W. R., Montreal, 29th from Mr. —, Engineer of the RailMarch, 1336, on the same subject. It was road. I have not the honor of a personal from a friend whose object we know to be acquaintance with Mr., but as he has as be therein stated-to elicit truth. chosen to term some statements, in a forWe have since received the following let-mer report of mine to the West Philadelphia ter in regard to the communication of C. Railroad Company, " extravagant," I sub-apparent by examining the matter a little in W. R. We have omitted the name of the mit for his acceptance the following propo- detail. gentleman whom Mr. Campbell has discov-sition : The relation between the load, friction, red to be the author of that article, as we I will bet Mr. one thousand dollars adhesion, inclination of plane and weight of E(asin. i.) engine may be expressed by the following || stationary engine of the same power, the 1.44 b = .122 — .122 = 0 great western canal passes through it, on the south side of the river, and is connected with the main part of the village by a beautiful stone aqueduct over the river, which serves as a feeder, receiving the water from he old canal on the north side, and affordng to the village every convenience desired for business. This beautiful village was, until within a few years, owned by an English gentleman,) Mr. Ellis, we believe,) and its immense water power was for many years, indeed almost since the revolutionary war, nearly useless, as the proprietor declined to sell, or even to give periaanent leases, and the village of course made but slow progress in the march of improvement which has marked the course of many less favored places farther west. The communication of your correspondent C. R. W., in the Journal of the 30th April, contains some very just remarks on the subject of steep grades and locomotives, whence b must be equal to nothing or the but his calculations as to the power of the friction of the axles &c. be absolutely anni- engines are very erroneous. The mere Fortunately, however, here, as in many hilated, this we know cannot be the case, it statement that an engine capable of drawing other places, a change has come over the is therefore, certain that the adhesion of the 200 tons on a level and 100 tons on a grade aspect of things-a foreign proprietorship wheels cannot be so small as .122. By the ascending 25 feet per mile, does not furnish has given way to one of true American spirit. published reports of the B. & O. R. R. Co. sufficient data from which the traction, The title was about two years since transwe are informed that the friction of the car- when the power is supplied by locomotives, ferred to a gentleman of this city, who riages on their road has been reduced to the can be estimated. The adhesion of the viewed things as an AMERICAN. He causror of the weight, we shall therefore, as-wheels form.s an important element. The ed the property to be surveyed, streets and sume this for the value of b in our equation greatest weight an engine of 8 tons could public squares to be laid out, and has conand shall consequently have .12566 for the draw up a plane ascending 25 feet per mile,tributed largely to the erection of churches, corresponding value of a. By substituting by assuming for the traction, and of and has sold freely and at fair prices to these values of a and b in our primary equa. 15 for the adhesion, as given by C. R. those who desired to improve its advantation and taking sin. i = =0 we shall have 427.2 tons for the value of W, that is an engine hearing sufficient adhesion to enable it to ascend a plane rising 264 feet in a mile with a load of 20 tons would have suffi. cient adhesion to drag 427.2 tons on a level road exclusive of the engine." The mechanical power requisite to draw 203 tons up the plane is and 1.0885 x 400435.4 is the load which the same power would draw on a level at the same rate of speed, and if we assume the load to be inversely as the speed half this weight or 217.8 tons at double the speed. Let us now, in order to show the effective performance of locomotives on level and W., is 8.5 X -8.5 × 23 3280 55.9 tons, e+ ་ hesion must be a little less than, or accu- 100 25 × 100 =72, and .72 x 400=280 tons, the load which ges. Those who, like ourselves, recollect its appearance twenty years ago, and have witnessed its progress under the fostering care of its present proprietor, need no description of its present condition, or its delightful surrounding scenery-but to those who have not witnessed its beauties, a brief description may not be uninteresting. The village of Little Falls is situated in a narrow defile, which appears to have been formed by the waters of the river in its passage from the lakes to the Hudson. On the west, and also on the east are the beautiful and fertile flats of the Mohawk; but on the north the village is hemned in by hills, covered with forest, approaching in some places nearly to the water, with abrupt and almost precipitous acclivities; whilst in steep grades, suppose the road to be level to the same power would draw on a level. other places the village extends for half a the foot of the plane in question, and the plane itself to be half a mile in length, the engine would, as we have just shown, drag This investigation shows that there is no 200 tons on a level. Yours, &c., W. L., Schenectady, N. Y., June 14, 1836. a load of 217.8 tons on the level at the rate mile or more from the main street. It is on the south side, however, that we behold the mountains in their majesty. The canal, which hugs the side of the precipice, and winds its way amongst the rocks, is about 30 feet above the river; and the summit of the hills are more than three hundred feet, and in some places almost perpendicular, above the canal. This was indeed a herculean task; and to others than Americans, an attempt to construct such a work would have been deemed almost chimerical. It was however, accomplished, and is now the admiration of the hundreds of thousands who annually pass on its waters. The improvements of the place are progressing with spirit-its water power is estimated equal to 750,000 spindles and several sites with power have recently been sold.— |