...certain Member States have not become party to the Rome Convention: (2) Whereas there are consequently differences between the national laws governing the...of protection identical throughout the Community: (3) Whereas harmonization must cover not only the terms of protection as such. but also certain implementing...

...Directive notes that the trade mark laws applicable in the Member States contain disparities which may impede the free movement of goods and freedom to provide services and may distort competition within the common market, so that it is necessary, in view of the establishment...