Colonel IRVING. Yes, sir. Judge Johnson has before him a whole armful of issues.

Senator STENNIS. Well, I expect we will hear a lot more of this before it's through.

Congressman Bill Young of Florida has testified in opposition to any attempt to revive the Cross Florida Barge Canal and in support of the proposal to study the Oklawaha River for possible inclusion in the national wild and scenic river system. Would you care to comment?

Colonel IRVING. Yes, sir. As you know, President Nixon halted construction on the Cross Florida Barge Canal on January 19, 1971. At the time, in his statement, he said that he was asking the Council on Environmental Quality and the Secretary of the Army to develop recommendations for the future of the area. On May 18, 1972 the Chairman of the CEQ and the Undersecretary of the Army made a joint announcement that the Oklawaha River between the St. Johns River and the Dead River Swamp should be designated as a study river for potential inclusion in the national wild and scenic river system. This recommendation affects only part of a continuing effort to develop plans for the area.

DADE COUNTY, FLA.

Senator STENNIS. There is nothing in the budget, the House has included $100,000, and local interests have requested $100,000. What is your capability on this project?

General MORRIS. Mr. Chairman, our capability on this project is $100,000 to initiate preconstruction planning.

Senator STENNIS. Would you submit a statement for the record? General MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Location and Description.-Dade County is on the southeast coast of Florida. The project area consists of that part of the county's Atlantic shoreline from Government Cut north to Bakers Haulover Inlet and at Haulover Beach Park. The project provides for a protective and recreational beach having a dune at elevation 11.5 feet and a level berm 50 feet wide at elevation 9 feet, mean low water, for beach erosion control and hurricane protection betwen Government Cut and Bakers Haulover Inlet; a protective and recreational beach with a berm elevation of 9 feet, mean low water, and a berm width up to 50 feet for beach erosion control at Haulover Beach Park; Federal participation in periodic

nourishment of both the above reaches for the first 10 years of project life; and credit to local interests for preproject cost of construction for beach fills and groin previously provided by them at Bal Harbour and Haulover Beach Park.

Proposed Operations.-The $100,000 could be used to initiate preconstruction planning.

Justification. The Dade County shore, occupied by Miami Beach and a number of smaller communities, is highly developed and probably represents the most densely concentrated resort area of the luxury class in the world. The area is visited by millions of tourists throughout the year. Attendance at public beaches in 1961 was about 8 million persons and it is estimated it will increase to about 15 million by year 2015.

Recession of the shore is causing loss of valuable beaches and property and is placing seawalls and other structures under direct wave attack. At a number of locations erosion has undermined or threatened to undermine shore-front structures. Dade County lies in a zone of relatively high hurricane frequency many of the most intense hurricanes of record having passed over or near the area. Hurricane tides and waves generated in the ocean and in Biscayne Bay by past hurricanes have caused major tidal flooding in the study area. A severe hurricane crossing the area on a critical path could cause a major flood disaster.

Beaches of the study area are of prime importance as tourist attractions and it is essentiall to the economy of the entire area that the beaches be improved and preserved. The benefit-cost ratio is 2.1 to 1. Average annual benefits are broken down as follows:

Senator STENNIS. There is nothing in the budget, the House has included $90,000, and local interests have requested $90,000. What is your capability on this project?

General MORRIS. Mr. Chairman, our capability on this project is $90,000 to initiate preconstruction planning.

Senator STENNIS. Would you submit a statement for the record? General MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Authorization.-1965 River and Habor Act. Location and Description.-Duval County is located on upper east coast of Florida within 20 miles of the Florida-Georgia state line. The beach area proposed for improvement lies between St. Johns River and the Duval-St. Johns County line. Work proposed provides for constructing with artificial fill, a beach 60 feet wide at elevation +11 feet m.l.w. with a natural slope seaward and for periodic nourishment with Federal participation in the initial construction and the periodic nourishment for a period of 10 years.

Proposed Operations.-The $90,000 could be used to initiate preconstruction planning.

Justification.-The shore of Duval County within the project area has been eroded by wave action and ocean currents and severe damages sustained as a result of that erosion. Improvement is needed to provide adequate erosion control and to satisfy future recreational bathing needs. The benefit-cost ratio is 1.2 to 1. Average annual benefits are as follows:

Beach erosion control__

Recreation
Navigation

Total annual benefits___

$377,000 701, 000 1 40, 000

1, 118, 000

1 The use of shoals in Jacksonville Harbor for beach fill will provide navigation benefits. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY-CARRABELLE TO ST. MARKS, FLA. Senator STENNIS. There is nothing in the budget and local interests have requested $50,000 for planning. What is your capability on this project?

General MORRIS. Mr. Chairman, we have no capability on this project. It is currently in the deferred category.

INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, FORT PIERCE TO MIAMI, FLA.

OPPOSITION

Senator STENNIS. We have received a statement of opposition from Mr. Oscar A. Jose, Jr., the Dade County commissioner for the Florida Inland Navigation District, concerning funding for a study of deepening of the intracoastal waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami. What is the status of this project?

Colonel IRVING. The authorized project for the intracoastal waterway from Jacksonville to Miami provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide. Dredging of the section of the waterway from Jacksonville to Fort Pierce, to full project dimensions, was completed in 1960. In response to a directive from the Appropriations Committees of the House and Senate, an economic study was made to determine the economic justification for the portion of the Intracoastal Waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami. This study, completed in July 1960, determined that an improvement to provide a channel 10 feet deep and 125 feet wide would adequately serve the needs of commercial navigation for the foreseeable future. Subsequently, the project was dredged to 10 feet deep and 125 feet wide and is currently being maintained to these dimensions.

Senator STENNIS. Does the corps have an outstanding survey study authority to investigate the deepening of the Intracoastal Waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami?

Colonel IRVING. Yes, sir. A Senate Public Works Committee resolution adopted March 5, 1963, authorized a study to determine the advisability of modifying the project to enlarge the segment from Fort Pierce to Miami, Fla.

Senator STENNIS. What is the status of that study and what is the estimated cost?

Colonel IRVING. This study, authorized in 1963, has not been funded to date. The latest estimated cost for the study is $146,000.

Senator STENNIS. What are the views of the Florida Department of Natural Resources and the Florida Inland Navigation District, of which Mr. Jose is a member, concerning the deepening study?

Colonel IRVING. At the urging of the Florida Inland Navigation District, the Florida Department of Natural Resources has requested the inclusion in fiscal year 1973 appropriations funds in the amount of $146,000 to study the need for deepening the Intracoastal Waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami. Also, our Jacksonville district office has informed the Florida Inland Navigation District in January 1972, at their request, that when the study is funded much of their field survey and subsurface data could be used by the corps to help expedite the investigation.

Senator STENNIS. Are there any known environmental problems associated with the proposed project?

Colonel IRVING. The State of Florida's Department of Natural Resources has indicated that no environmental problems are expected as a result of this deepening since it would be confined to the limits of existing channels.

IWW, JACKSONVILLE TO MIAMI, FLA.

OPPOSITION

Senator STENNIS. Mr. Oscar A. Jose, Jr., has stated that he is of the opinion that the economic costs of any program for overall deepening of the Intracoastal Waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami, Fla., is an unnecessary expenditure.

Colonel IRVING. A Senate Public Works Committee resolution adopted March 5, 1963, sponsored by former Senator Holland, requested a review report to determine if the existing project, Intracoastal Waterway, Jacksonville to Miami, should be modified with particular reference to the reach between Fort Pierce and Miami. No funds have been provided to date for accomplishment of the study. The Florida Inland Navigation District (FIND), as a body, is very anxious to have the study made as early as practicable. FIND has even offered, in efforts to expedite the study, to obtain and contribute engineering field data at no cost to the Government. That body is of the view that a study would be favorable to deepening the waterway from Fort Pierce to Miami from 10 to 12 feet. Mr. Jose, representing Dade County, is one of 11 members of the board of commissioners of FIND.

If the study is made it would consider the engineering, economic, and environmental aspects of the matter. The points raised by Mr. Jose relative to the physical restrictions and development are recognized and will be given careful consideration in the study. Subject project now provides a channel 12 by 125 feet from Jacksonville to Fort Pierce and 10 by 125 feet from Fort Pierce to Miami. An economic restudy in 1960 was unfavorable to the previously authorized 12-foot depth from Fort Pierce to Miami and placed it in the inactive category. The 10-foot depth was found to be feasible, but a 12-foot depth

was not.

Although Mr. Jose feels that any further deepening is not warranted and should not be considered, it should not be presupposed

that this is so. However, if during the course of a study it is found that feasibility is lacking, the study would be terminated and an unfavorable recommendation made.

PANAMA CITY HARBOR, FLA.

Senator STENNIS. There is nothing in the budget, the House has included $50,000, and local interests have requested $50,000. What is your capability on this project?

General MORRIS. Mr. Chairman, our capability on this project is $50,000 to initiate preconstruction planning.

Senator STENNIS. Would you submit a statement for the record? General MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Location and Description.-Panama City Harbor is on St. Andrew Bay, an arm of the Gulf of Mexico, about 105 miles east of Pensacola and 230 miles northwest of Tampa. St. Andrew Bay is about 10 miles long parallel to the coast and separated from the Gulf by a barrier beach known as Lands End Peninsula. The bay has two outlets to the Gulf, one a natural inlet at the eastern end of Lands End Peninsula and the other a dredged channel 32 feet through the peninsula about 4 miles west of the natural opening. The dredged cut is stabilized by twin rubble-mound jetties and serves as the harbor entrance from the Gulf.

Modification of the project would provide (a) an enlarged main entrance channel 42 by 450 feet in the Gulf approach channel and 40 by 300 feet across. the Peninsula to St. Andrew Bay; (b) branch channels 38 by 300 feet from the inner end of the main entrance channel westward to the Port Authority terminal at Dyers Point and eastward to the Bay Harbor terminal; (c) turning and maneuvering areas of about 55 acres opposite Dyers Point and 42 acres opposite Bay Harbor; and (d) a 40-foot deep anchoring and loading basin of about 177 acres in St. Andrew Bay near the inner end of the main entrance channel.

Proposed Operations.-The $50,000 could be used to initate preconstruction planning.

Justification.-The existing controlling depth for deep-draft navigation at Panama City Harbor is 32 feet, mean low water, which is inadequate to provide for safe and unrestricted navigation by many of the vessels now using the port.. Future vessel traffic expected to serve both Bay Harbor and Dyers Point will have loaded static drafts of 34 feet. LASH vessels, expected to use the main entrance channel only, will have a normal operating draft of 36 feet. The design depth required would be greater to provide for trim, "squat," and a tolerance allowance for safety and maneuverability. The channel improvements considered, together with facilities recently constructed by local interests are expected to generate more regular sailings and improved vessel service at Panama City with a consequent progressive increase in waterborne commerce conveyed in deepdraft vessels. Prospective tonnage of paper and paper products, residual fuel