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AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND VEHICLE

MANUFACTURING

389

IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND VEHICLE MANUFACTURING.

This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries.

390

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND VEHICLE MANUFAC

TURING.

CONTENTS.

PART I-GENERAL SURVEY OF THE AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND VEHICLE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY.

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Members of households for whom detailed information was secured.

399

Employees for whom information was secured..

401

Preparation of the report..

405

CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

History of immigration.....

407

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and members of their households....

408

Racial classification of employees at the present time.. CHAPTER III-Economic status:

415

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied.
Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United

States...

General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied.
General occupation of females at the present time in the households studied.
Occupations of the first and second generations compared..

421

424

427

428

429

Weekly earnings..

429

Relation between period of residence and earning ability.
Annual earnings of male heads of families studied..

433

438

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied..
Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.
Annual family income..

439

440

441

Wives at work..

442

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of keeping boarders or lodgers.

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Age classification of employees and members of their households.... CHAPTER VII.-General progress and assimilation:

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PART II-THE AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND VEHICLE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN THE MIDDLE WEST.

GENERAL SURVEY.

CHAPTER I.-Introduction:

Explanation of study...

CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

Employees for whom information was secured..

History of immigration....

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees...
Racial classification of employees at the present time....

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States...

Weekly earnings.

Relation between period of residence and earning ability.

Employers' opinions of the recent immigrants..

CHAPTER IV.-Salient characteristics:

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Page.

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Members of households for whom detailed information was secured.. CHAPTER II-Racial displacements:

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Period of residence in the United States of members of immigrant households studied..

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Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied..
General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied.
General occupation of females at the present time in the households studied.
Annual earnings of male heads of families studied..

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied..
Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.
Annual family income..

552

553

555

558

559

560

561

562

563

Wives at work....

564

keeping boarders or lodgers..

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of

565

Sources of family income..

566

Relative importance of different sources of family income..

568

CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions:

Employment available..

571

Reasons for the employment of immigrants..

571

Methods of securing immigrant labor..

572

General conditions of employment..

Effect of employment of immigrants upon establishment of new industries.

572

573

Regularity of employment......

573

Relations between the races employed..

574

Employment of women.....

575

Labor disputes.....

575

The immigrant and organized labor..

576

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History of immigration...

609

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees.

610

Racial classification of employees at the present time..

611

CHAPTER III-Economic status:

Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States.

613

Weekly earnings..

614

Relation between period of residence and earning ability.

616

CHAPTER IV. Salient characteristics:

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