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Mr. ANDREWs. Mr. Weaver.

Mr. WEAVER. What year did you say that the public lands which were under the Interior Department and adjacent to or adjoining the Navy lands on the Petroleum Reserve 3 were leased to these operators in Wyoming?

Captain LOVELL. Some of those leases go back a good many years. Whether they are the current leases, I would have to check. In other words, there were leases made in the area in the early 1920's.

Mr. WEAVER. In other words, they were leases that could have been renewed from the time of their expiration?

Captain LOVELL. They may have been renewed or new leases may have been made. This is something I will have to inquire into. In other words, a lease might have expired and somebody else got it. I don't know.

COORDINATION WITH INTERIOR DEPARTMENT

Mr. WEAVER. Has there ever been any coordination between the Navy Department and the Department of Interior where a situation such as this comes up?

Captain LOVELL. Yes, sir. The Interior Department regulations provide that they will now grant no leases within 1 mile of the boundary of a naval petroleum reserve if such a lease might interfere with the operations of the reserve or if it would result in drainage from the reserve from a proven formation.

Mr. ANDREWS. Is that a recent regulation?
Captain YOUNGBLOOD. Yes.

Mr. ANDREWS. What is the date of it, Captain?

Captain YOUNGBLOOD. 1952, I believe, but it has been an Interior policy of long standing.

Captain LOVELL. As a matter of fact, as an example of that we recently had a request for a lease on the western boundary of No. 3 and Interior came to us and we said that this is very likely to drain our Shannon reservoir and we do not wish you to grant the lease. It was not granted. The applicant appealed; the appeal was denied and as far as I know, the lease will not be granted.

Mr. ANDREWS. Where did they appeal?

Captain LOVELL. Within the Department of Interior.

Mr. WEAVER. One final question: Since on Reserve No. 1 the unitized approach seems to be satisfactory, from what you said, why was not that suggested once drilling started on these adjoining leases?

Captain LOVELL. I do not know, other than the fact that we had to come to Congress. This is probably as good a reason as any. Then we would have had to come here for funds.

Mr. WEAVER. Wouldn't that have been the time to settle the matter? Captain LOVELL. This was before my time. I do not know the

answer.

Mr. ANDREWS. The committee will recess until 2 o'clock at which time we will hear the Marine Corps O. & M. budget.

Thank you, gentlemen.

TUESDAY, MARCH 14, 1961.

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, MARINE CORPS

WITNESSES

MAJ. GEN. C. R. ALLEN, USMC, QUARTERMASTER GENERAL OF THE MARINE CORPS, HQMC

BRIG. GEN. H. C. TSCHIRGI, USMC, ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF, G-4, HQMC

BRIG. GEN. H. NICKERSON, JR., USMC, FISCAL DIRECTOR OF THE MARINE CORPS, HQMC

LT. COL. R. R. WEIR, USMC, PROGRAM AND BUDGET OFFICER, SUPPLY DEPARTMENT, HQMC

LT. COL. R. A. MCCABE, USMC, OPERATIONS BRANCH, G-3 DIVISION, HQMC

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Mr. ANDREWs. The committee will come to order.

The next appropriation for consideration is that for the operation and maintenance of the Marine Corps.

First, we shall hear a statement by General Tschirgi.

GENERAL STATEMENT OF ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF FOR LOGISTICS

Mr. ANDREWS. General, you may proceed without interruption. General TSCHIRGI. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, I am Brig. Gen. Harvey C. Tschirgi, Assistant Chief of Staff for Logistics, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. I appreciate this opportunity to present the program connected with the appropriation request "Operation and maintenance, Marine Corps."

As you gentlemen are aware, the missions of the Marine Corps are set forth in the National Security Act of 1947. Specifically the Marine Corps' fundamental purpose is to respond to the needs of our Nation for an instantly ready combat force which is particularly

skilled in amphibious warfare operations-one ready to go any place at any time and do what is expected of it.

The Fleet Marine Forces are strategically located throughout the world so that they can be deployed on short notice to the most likely trouble areas of the world. They are available to deter small wars from getting started-and, if such wars do start, these deployed forces can do much to prevent them from growing bigger. These forces are organized to employ conventional weapons and, are prepared to fight with nuclear weapons if need be. During the past year there were several emergencies. We, along with the Navy, were called upon to respond to many of these.

The amount requested for this appropriation is $179 million. This is slightly higher than the amount appropriated for fiscal year 1961. The operation and maintenance appropriation is the financial foundation on which the day-to-day readiness of the Marine Corps is built. The Fleet Marine Forces are the combat forces of the Marine Corps. They look to this appropriation for funds they need to train them to fight. Marines of the Fleet Marine Force are trained through programs financed by this appropriation.

This Marine Corps budget estimate is a comprehensive plan for accomplishing the missions assigned to the Marine Corps. This money is needed to train, operate, maintain, and support a Marine Corps of three Marine divisions, and partially support three Marine aircraft wings. The "Operations and maintenance" budget estimate is our plan for meeting the Marine Corps objective of combat readiness. Operations and maintenance funds buy immediate readiness-they are vital to our ability to fight now.

Our first priority of funding goes for the support of the Fleet Marine Forces in training to assure them that they are ready to take part in combat operations as a part of the Navy-Marine team. Hand in hand with this goes our responsibility for keeping our officers and men equipped to do their job in combat. Maintenance of materiel in our depots has been given lower priority.

After these three priority areas comes the supporting establishment which provides direct support to our combat Fleet Marine Forces. These must be properly staffed to do the high quality maintenance work and personnel training demanded by the Fleet Marine Forces. By adhering to these priorities we insure the maximum readiness and the maximum effectiveness possible with our funding resources. There are two general categories of training-individual training and unit or organizational training.

Recruit training is the first and most important phase of our individual training. It provides the firm foundation on which we build the Marine Corps. After recruit training, and an advanced course in weapons and infantry tactics, the recruit is ready to join the Fleet Marine Force as a member of a ground or air unit.

Unit and organizational training ranges from a fire team of four men to a complete fighting force-the Marine division-Marine air wing team. The major unit training in this budget period is as follows:

Division/wing exercises-

Regimental combat team-Air group exercises..

Battalion landing team-Air group exercises-

Battalion landing exercises--

Combat support landing exercises--.

67438-61-pt. 247

28882

26

19

Formal schooling is also provided for individuals. This includes instruction in the tactics and strategy of handling large sized landing forces of combined arms, that is, one composed of infantry, aviation, artillery, tank, and engineer units. This instruction is given in our officers courses at the Marine Corps Schools, Quantico, Va. Technical training and education is provided for officers and enlisted sonnel at schools in the Marine Corps, at schools of other services, and at civilian institutions.

per

We are continually introducing new, more complicated equipment into the Fleet Marine Forces. This imposes an added financial burden on all parts of our budget. Training needs are rapidly increasing. The Fleet Marine Force and other operating forces of the Marine Corps will increase slightly in fiscal year 1962. An additional HAWK missile battalion is activated in fiscal year 1962 and six infantry battalions phased in during fiscal year 1961 and requiring only part-year support will have to be supported for a full year in fiscal year 1962. Training a unit to keep it in a satisfactory state of readiness for combat requires use of equipment. Ordnance, communication, motor transport, and engineer equipment are all used extensively in training personnel so they may be ready to fight as coordinated units. This in turn requires a comprehensive and expensive repair and maintenance program for combat equipment. Funds must be continually expended for maintenance and repair on a day-to-day basis and, in addition, substantial sums must be invested for major overhaul and repair after a vehicle has been in use for some time. Perhaps one of the best examples of this is the case of the amphibian tractor. Amphibian tractor vehicles require rebuild after some 3 or 4 years of service with the Fleet Marine Force units. For the past several years numbers of these have been accruing, and in fiscal year 1962 the Marine Corps is starting an accelerated program to rebuild them since they are economically repairable.

We are increasing funds to take better care of our equipment in storage. This will cut down on the work and high cost of preparing items for shipment. Better inspection methods to eliminate unnecessary repair jobs, improved management of repair operations, and careful selection of categories of equipment to give the most economical return on the repair dollar are constantly being sought.

In the area of maintenance of real property we continually seek better methods of management as costs continue to rise.

Adequate housing plays an important part in the effectiveness and efficiency of the Marine Corps through its contribution to the morale of the officers and men and its influence on their retention.

Our Capehart and Wherry housing projects are expanding with the completion of housing units at Camp Lejeune, N.C., Quantico, Va., and Twentynine Palms, Calif. Additional funding is required to maintain these units.

With respect to managing our inventory of materiel, we are trying to identify and eliminate duplication of items and thereby generate savings in procurement and the associated costs of supply management. We are applying electronic data processing to our problems in this area through an active and aggressive program.

In conclusion, this appropriation provides only for essentials. Every dollar has a specific purpose. We have distributed the funds.

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