The American Year Book

bia.-Costa Rica.-Cuba.--Dominican Republic.-Ecuador.-Guatemala.
-Haiti Honduras. Mexico. Nicaragua. Panama. Paraguay.
-Peru.-Salvador.-Uruguay.-Venezuela. CANADA, Naval Policy.-
Railway Construction - Population Immigration. - Crops.-Foreign
Trade.-Legislation. EUROPE, ASIA, AND AFRICA.-The British Empire.
-United Kingdom.--Home Rule Bill.-Welsh Church Bill.-Franchise
Bill.-Woman's Suffrage.-Railways Act.-Trade Union Act.-Finance.
-Naval Programme.- Churchill's "Naval Holiday."-Commerce.-Mar-
coni Inquiry.-Lord Chief Justiceship.--National Insurance.-Liberty
Land Policy.-Labor Troubles.-Dublin Strike.-Larkinism.-Employer's
Defense Fund.-Unionist Tariff Reform Policy. The Colonies.-Aus-
tralia. Elections.-Egypt.--Parliamentary System.-India.-New Zea-
land.-South Africa. Rand Strike. Continental Europe.-France.-
Presidential Election. Briard Ministry. Barthou Ministry. - Army
Bill.-Finance.-Doumergue Ministry.--Electoral Reform.-Commerce.-
Germany. Army Bill Finance War Office Scandal. Military in
Alsace.- Commerce.--Turkey. Balkan War. Politics.- -Austria-Hun-
gary.-Belgium.-General Strike.-Greece.-George I.-Italy-Elections.
-Netherlands. Elections. Portugal. Russia. Spain. ia.

China. National Assembly.-Elections.-Parliamentary Government.-

Revolution. - Finance. Five-Power Loan. Presidential Election.-

Japan.-Commerce of the Principal Countries.

V. THE NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

The President and Vice-President.-Vote for President. 1908 and 1912.

-The Cabinet. Executive Departments. - 62d Congress. Senate.

House of Representatives.-Third Session.-Appropriations.-Legislation.
-63d Congress.--Senate.-Senate Committees.-House of Representa-
tives. House Committees.--Legislation.-Federal Judiciary.-Consular
Service. Diplomatic Service. CIVIL SERVICE.-Consular Appointments.
-Diplomatic Appointments.-Postmasters. Exemptions from Merit Sys-
tem.-State Civil Service.-Municipal Civil Service.

VI. STATE AND COUNTY GOVERNMENT

States. Area. Population, and Dates of Admission to the Union.-In-

debtedness, Taxation, Revenues, and Expenditures.-Mode of Adopting,

Amending and Revising Constitutions.-State and Territorial Governors.

-State and Territorial Legislatures.-State Judiciary.-County Officials.

-State Administration.-Amendments to State Constitutions.

VII. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT

Municipal Home Rule.-Commission Government.-City-Manager Plan.-

New Charters.-State Government by Commission.-Research Bureaus.

-Efficiency Surveys.-Chicago Efficiency Commission.-Efficiency and

Research. Municipal Organizations. National Municipal League.

Progressive Party Municipal Platform.-Socialist Party Research Bu-

reau. Municipal Accounting.-Uniform Systems.-Metz Fund.-City

Planning.-Height of Buildings.--Municipal Art Commissions.-Housing.

-Fire Prevention.-Vice Investigations and the Social Evil.-Police.-

Graft.-Nuisances. Smoke.-Billboards.--Noise.--Population, Taxation,

Indebtedness, Receipts and Expenditures of Cities over 50,000 Population.

VIII. TERRITORIES AND DEPENDENCIES

Alaska.-Legislation. Education. Railroads.-Industries.-Guam.-
Hawaii.-Philippine Islands.-Political Conditions.-Administration.-
Philippine Commission.-Education.-Porto Rico.-Political Conditions.
-Citizenship.-Legislation.-Sanitation.-Tutuila.

IX. LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE

Foreign Jurisprudence.-International Bills of Exchange.-Legislative

Tendencies in the United States.-Commission on Uniform State Laws.

Judicial Decisions.-Constitutional Law.-Construction of Constitutions.

-Due Process of Law.-Deprived of Property.-Division of Powers.-

Freedom of Contract.-Interstate Commerce.-Martial Law.-Police

Power. Non-Constitutional Law.-Anti-Trust Acts.-Attractive Nuis-

ances.-Bankruptcy.-Contempt.-Extradition.-Employers' Liability.—

Workmen's Compensation.-Libel and Slander-Negotiable Instruments.

-Injunction. Trade Marks. - Patentees' Rights. Legal Procedure.

CRIMINAL LAW.-Protection of Health and Safety.-Protection of Morals.

-Protection of Business.-Prisoners.-Insanity Defense.-Extradition

of Witnesses.

X. PUBLIC RESOURCES AND PUBLIC WORKS.

PUBLIC LANDS. Legislation. - Indian Lands. Water-Power Sites.-
Hetch Hetchy Grant. MINERAL RESOURCES: U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
-Classification of Public Domain.-Publications. STATE GEOLOGICAL
SURVEYS. Topographic Maps.-Building Materials.-Coal, Lignite and
Peat.-Oil and Gas.-Metallic Ores.-Stratigraphic and Paleontologic
Geology. Water Resources.-Soil, Forest and Highway Investigations.
RECLAMATION.-U. S. Reclamation Service. Results of Reclamation
Work.-Carey Act Lands.-Irrigation Securities.-Califorala Conserva-
tion Commission.-Irrigation Legislation.-Drainage. HIGHWAYS.-Fed-
eral Aid.-State Legislation.-Construction and Maintenance.-State and
Through Roads.-International Road Congress. WATERWAYS.-Appro-
priations. -Canal Construction. - River Improvement. Ohio Valley
Floods. THE PANAMA CANAL-Appropriations.-Status of_the_Work.—
Progress of Construction.-Labor. DOCKS, WHARVES AND WATERFRONTS.

XI. PUBLIC SERVICES

Franchises.-New York Subway Contract.-Indeterminate Franchises.-

Public Service Commissions.-State Commissions.-City Commissions.

Status of Public Service Commission Legislation. Municipal Ownership.

-New York Subways.-New York City Freight Railways.-Detroit

Street Railways.-Municipal Ice Plants.-Municipal Newspapers.-Water

Supply.-New York.-San Francisco.-Hetch Hetchy Project.-Light-

ing Street Lighting.-Gas Rates.--Sewage and Refuse Disposal.-Pol-

lution of New York Harbor.-Pollution of the Great Lakes.-Street

Cleaning in New York.

XII. MILITARY AND NAVAL

tion.

THE ARMY.-Administration. - Organization. Authorized Strength.-
Distribution of the Combatant Troops.-Appropriations.-The Regular
Service. Border Troops. Mobile Army. Coast Artillery. Supply
Corps.-Engineer Corps.-Signal Corps.-Medical Corps.-Military Avia-
Philippine Government. Organized Militia. Pensions. THE

NAVY.-Administration. Navy Department. Appropriations. - Esti-

mates.-Personnel.-Navy Yards.-Naval Education.-Construction and

Armament. Increase of the Navy.-Battleships.-Cruisers.-Destroyers.

-Submarines.-Auxiliaries.-Guns and Armor.-The Fleet.-Commands

Afloat.-Battle Efficiency. Comparison with Foreign Navies.-Expendi-

tures.-Personnel.-Warship Tonnage of the Principal Naval Powers.-

Ordnance.

XIII. ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND THE CONDUCT OF BUSINESS

Business Conditions in 1913.-Agriculture.-Crop Production.-Iron and

Steel Trade.-Production of Iron and Copper.-Copper Trade.-Foreign

Trade.-Building Operations.-Business Failures.-Railroad Earnings.

Volume of Traffic.-Idle-Car Figures.-Bank Clearings.-Securities Mar-

ket.-Stock Transations.-Bond Sales.-Stock Prices.-Listings of New

Securities. Incorporations.-Money Market.-Money Rates.-Prices and

Cost of Living.-Conduct of Business.-New York Stock Exchange Legis-

lation.-Blue-Sky Laws.-International Standards for Classification of

Cotton. Cotton Bills of Lading.-Taxation of Cotton Futures.-Anti-

Trust Legislation in New Jersey.-Anti-Trust Prosecutions.

XIV. PUBLIC FINANCE, BANKING, AND INSURANCE

PUBLIC FINANCE.-Federal Finance.-Appropriations.-Receipts and Ex-

penditures. Public Debt.-Budget Reform.-Handling of Government

Funds. Tariff Revision.-Underwood Bill.-Competitive Tariff Theory.

-Tariff Rates on Principal Commodities of Import.-Tariff Commis-

sions. Income Tax Legislation.-Corporation Tax.-State and Local
Taxation.-Classification of Property.-Exemption of Improvement.-
Forest Taxation.-Mineral Resources.-Railways and Other Corpora-
tions. Income Tax.-Inheritance Tax.-Tax Commissions.-Municipal
Debt. BANKING AND CURRENCY.-The Monetary System.-Currency.-
National Banking System.-State Banks.-Loan and Trust Companies.
-Private Banks.-Savings Banks.-Banking Power of the United States.
-Bank Examination and Regulation.-State Legislation.-Federal Re-
serve Act.-Defects of Banking System.-Decentralization and Immobil-
ity of Reserves.-Inelasticity of Bank Credit.-Caring for Public Funds.
-Postal Savings System. INSURANCE.-Life Insurance.-Income Tax.-
State Insurance.-Mortality Investigation.-Group Insurance.-Divi-
dends. Taxation.-Industrial Insurance.-Fraternal Insurance. PROP-
ERTY AND CASUALTY INSURANCE.-Fire and Marine Insurance.-Fire
Losses.-Missouri's Anti-Trust Law.-Revision of Standard Fire Policy.
-Liability Insurance.-Accident and Health Insurance.-Fidelity and
Surety Insurance.

XV. POPULATION AND IMMIGRATION

Population.-Classification by Marital Condition.-Death Rates by Marital

Condition. Interstate Migration.-Immigration.-Arrival and Ďeparture

of Aliens.-Insanity Among Immigrants.

XVI. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

RECREATION.-Public Administration of Recreation.-State Legislation.
-Municipal Provision for Recreation.-Recreation Surveys.-Training
of Recreation Workers. Rural Recreation. Pagentry. VOCATIONAL
EDUCATION AND GUIDANCE.-State Legislation.-National Legislation.—
Vocational Guidance. EUGENICS. LABORATORY IN SOCIAL RESEARCH.-
Sociological Laboratories in the United States.-Laboratory Methods and
Equipment. THE DRUG PROBLEM.-The Cocaine Habit.-Federal Legis-
lation.-New York State Law. THE LIQUOR PROBLEM.-Federal Legisla-
tlon. Consumption of Intoxicants. International Study of the Liquor
Problem.-Prohibition Movement. SYNDICALISM. SOCIALISM.-General
Status of the Movement.-Great Britain.-Germany.-Russia.-France.
-Italy. Austria. -Hungary. Belgium. -Netherlands.
mark. - Sweden. Finland. Bulgaria. Argentina. United States.
MOTHERS' PENSIONS. SOCIAL WORK OF THE CHURCHES.-Federal Coun-
cil of Churches of Christ in America.-Roman Catholic Social Service
Activities.-Joint Commission of the Episcopal Church.

XVII. LABOR AND LABOR LEGISLATION

Den-

LABOR.-Strikes and Lockouts.-Strike of Silk Workers at Paterson.-
Strike of Coal Miners in West Virginia.-Strike of Garment Workers in
New York.-Conciliation and Arbitration.-Railway Firemen's Dispute.
-Erdman Act.-Railway Conductors and Trainmen's Dispute.-Southern
Pacific Strike.-Peace Protocols in the Garment Trade.-Commission on
Industrial Relations.-Labor Organizations.-Southern Labor Congress.
-Social Concern for Labor.-Government Recognition.-American Com-
mittee on Social Insurance.-Minimum Wage.-Health and Safety.-
Employers' Welfare Work.-Joint Boards of Sanitary Control.-Cost of
Living. LABOR LEGISLATION.-Accidents and Diseases.-Reporting of
Accidents. Reporting of Occupational Diseases.-Factories and Work-
shops. Mines.-Railroads and Street Cars.-Building Construction.-
Administration of Labor Laws.-Industrial Commissions and State De-
partments of Labor.-Federal Department of Labor.-Child Labor.-
Employers' Liability and Workmen's Compensation.-Hours of Labor.
-Pensions and Retirement Systems.-Trade Unions and Trade Disputes.
-Unemployment.-Wages.-Woman's Work.-Minimum Wage.

XVIII. PREVENTION, CORRECTION, AND CHARITY

Conferences. Prevention of Defectiveness. Defective Delinquents.-

Prevention of Vice.-Child Welfare.-Juvenile Courts.-Correction.

Criminal Type.-Lynchings.-Penal Legislation.-Penal Institutions.

Prison Management. Prison Reform. Prison Amelioration. - Prison

Labor.-Honor System.-Road Making by Convicts.-Farming and For-

estry by Convicts.-Pardon.-Parole.-Probation.-Indeterminate Sen-

tence.-Reformatories.-Desertion and Non-Support.-Inebriety.-Men-

dicancy. Jails and Institutions.-Charity.-Public Supervision.-Public
Relief.-Care of the Insane.-Care of the Feeble-Minded.-Care of Epi-
leptics.-Care of the Deaf and Blind.-Campaign against Tuberculosis.
-Philanthropic Agencies.-Red Cross.

PAGE

463

XIX. AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND FISHERIES

Rural

AGRICULTURE.-Department of Agriculture.-Appropriations.-Crop_Con-

Coöperation.

Experiment Stations.

ditions and Production.

LIVE STOCK.

Credits. Country Life.-Farmers' Mortgaged Indebtedness.-Meat Sup-

ply.-Silos. DAIRYING.-Milk Commissions.-Legislation.

DISEASES OF LIVE STOCK.-Federal

-Meat Supply.-Stock Breeding.

Legislation. Tuberculosis.-Hog Cholera.-Texas Fever.-Equine Piro-

plasmosis. Contagious__Abortion of Cattle.-Sheep Measles.-Pharma-

cology. DISEASES OF PLANTS.-Plant Quarantines.-Non-Parasitic Dis-

eases.-Rusts of Grain.-Chestnut Bark Disease.-White Pine Blister

ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.-Quar-

Blight.-Potato Disease.-Fungicides.

antines.-Cotton Boll Weevil.-Gipsy and Brown-Tail Moths.-Alfalfa

Weevil.-Argentine Ant.-Potato Tuber Moth.-Plant Lice.-Insects

and Disease.-House Fly.-Stable Fly.-Sacbrood of Bees.-Insecticides.

AGRICULTURAL LEGISLATION.-Federal Legislation.-Agricultural Exten-

sion and Vocational Education.-Rural Credits.-Inspection Laws.-

HORTICULTURE.-Crop Conditions.-Export

CON-

Irrigation and Drainage.

Trade.-Potato Quarantine.-San Jose Scale.-Orange Separator.

-Movement in the United

RURAL CRedits.

SERVATION OF WILD LIFE.
States.-Europe.-Schulze-Delitzsch and Raiffeisen Systems.-Amortiza-
tion.-Debenture and Mortgage Bonds.-Landschaften.-Land Credit.
FORESTRY.-Legislation.-National Forests.-Forest Associations.-Edu-
FISHERIES.-Legislation.-Oyster Fisheries.-

cation.-Export Trade.

New England Vessel Fisheries.-Alaska Fisheries and Furs.-United

STATISTICS OF AGRICULTURE.-World's Pro- .

States Bureau of Fisheries.

duction of Principal Crops.-Production of Principal Crops in the United

States.-Imports and Exports of Important Agricultural Products.-

Average Prices of Agricultural Products.-Live Stock in the United
States. Census of Agriculture.

XX. THE MINERAL INDUSTRIES

MINING AND ORE DRESSING.-Mining Industry.-Mining Law.-Improve-

COAL, COKE, AND

ments in Methods.-Labor Troubles.-Ore Dressing.

PETROLEUM.-Coal and Coke Industry.-Safety in Mining.—Coking.-

Petroleum. IRON AND STEEL.-Ore Deposits.-Blast-Furnace Practice.-

Ore Briquetting.-Steel Ingots.-Steel Making.-Electrometallurgy.-

Alloy Steels. COPPER.-Roasting.-Blast-Furnace Practice.-Reverbera-

GOLD AND SILVER.-Low-

tory Furnace.-Converters.-Flue Systems.

Grade Mills.-New Mills.-Crushing.-Hand Sorting.-Stamps.-Pulver-

LEAD. Results

izing. Amalgamation.-Cyaniding.-Precipitation.
ZINC.-Prices.-Tariff.-

Research.-Blast Roasting.-Smelting Plants.

STATISTICS OF MINERAL PRO-

Production. Improvements in Methods.

DUCTION.-World's Principal Mineral Products.-Mineral Production by

and Coinage of Precious

Principal Countries.-World's Production

Metals. Mineral Production of the United States.-Imports and Exports

of Mineral Products.

XXI. MANUFACTURES

MANUFACTURES.-General Condition During the Year.-Failures in Manu-

facturing.-General Statistics of Manufactures.-The Tariff.-Textile

Industries. Tariff Rates on Important Metal and Textile Manufactures.

-Iron and Steei and Allied Industries.-Metals and Metal Products

Other than Iron and Steel.-Manufacture of Cement.-Manufactures of

PATENTS AND

Food Products.-Manufactures of Sugar.-Lumber and Its Remanufac
tures.-Pulp and Paper Industries.-Printing Industries.
INVENTIONS.-Patents Granted.-Patent Office.-Classification of Sub-
jects of Invention.-Patent Litigation.-Patent Law.

XXII. TRADE, TRANSPORTATION, AND COMMUNICATION

Merchant Marine.-World's Merchant Marine.-American Vessels in

Foreign Trade.-Entrances and Clearances in Foreign Trade.-Ship-

building.-Vessel Accidents and Tonnage Destroyed.-Volturno Disaster.

-Ship Subsidies and Mail Payments.-Panama Measurement Rules.-

Panama Canal.-Foreign Trade of the United States.-Statistics of Im-

ports and Exports.-Balance of Trade.-Inland Waterways and Coast-

wise Commerce.-Domestic Trade of the Great Lakes.-Coastwise Trade.

-New York State Canals-Express Companies.-Post Office.-Railway

Mail Pay-Postal Savings System.-Cost of Postal Service.-Parcel

Post.-Telegraph and Telephone Companies.-Railroads.-Physical Con-

506

529

544

dition and Services.-Operating Revenues.-Operating Expenses.-Net

Income.-Capitalization.-Dividends.- Consolidations. Car Demurrage

Bureaus.-Freight Classification.-Freight Rates.-Federal Legislation.

-Physical Valuation.-Rulings of Interstate Commerce Commission.-

Court Decisions.-Minnesota Rate Case.-State Legislation.-State Pub-

lic Utilities Commissions.

XXIII. ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING.-Bridges.-Railway Construction.-Railway Valua-

tion. Railway Terminals. -Subways.-Tunnels. - Waterways. - Ohio

Flood. Harbors.-Dry Docks.-Water Supply.-Water Purification.-

Sewage Disposal.-Roads.-Dams.-Cement and Concrete. ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING. - Telegraphy.-Wireless Telegraphy.-Telephony.-Light-

ing.-Power Transmission.-Railways.-Automobiles. MECHANICAL EN-

GINEERING. Power Generation. Sun Power. Steam Turbines.

Hydraulic Engineering.-Diesel Engine.-Gasoline Engine.-Kerosene

Engine.-Marine Gas Engines.-Steam Engines.-Steam Locomotives.-

Automobile Engineering.-Aeronautical Engineering.-Air Machinery.-

Testing Materials.-Heating and Refrigeration.-Cryogeny.-Safety En-

gineering.-Fire Prevention. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF REFRIGERA-

TION. AUTOMOBILES.-Automobile Industry.-Commercial Vehicles.

Fuels. Standards. Design. -Electric Starters.-Wheels and Tires.

AERONAUTICS.-Langley Aerodynamical Laboratory.-Aeronautic Maps.

-Spherical Balloons.-Aeroplanes.-Aeroplane Flights.-Aeroplane Rec-

ords. Aeroplane Industry. Hydro-Aeroplanes. - Dirigible Balloons.-
Military Aeronautics. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT. NAVAL ARCHITECTURE
AND MARINE ENGINEERING.-Shipbuilding.-Dimensions of Vessels.-
Safety at Sea.-Marine Engineering. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
AND ALLOYS.-Structure.-Fusibility.-Hardness.-Magnetic Permeabil-
ity. Electric Conductivity.-Constitution of Alloys.-Corrosion

XXIV. MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY

----

MATHEMATICS.-Path of Falling Bodies.-Origin of Planets.-Theory of

Relativity.-Foundations of Mathematics in Logic. ASTRONOMY.-Ob-

servatories and Instruments.-Longitude and Time.-The Sun.-Eclipses.

-The Earth.-Planets.-Comets.-The Stars.-Proper Motions.-Radial

Velocities. Double Stars.- Spectroscopy. Stellar Temperatures.

Spectroscopic Binaries.-Photometry.-Variable Stars.-Star Clusters

and Nebulae.

XXV. GEOLOGY, METEOROLOGY, AND GEOGRAPHY

DYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY.-International Geological Congress.

-Dynamic Geology.-Isostasy.--Coal Formation. Faults. Diastroph-