sel of wrath, — and all sorts o' names. So my blood being reg❜larly up, I first gave him two or three for himself, and then two or three more to hand over to the man with the red nose, and walked off. I wish you could ha' heard how the women screamed, Sammy, ven they picked up the shepherd from under the table."

(Ch. xx, xxii, xxiii, xxvii, xxxiii, xxxiv, xliii, xiv, lii, lv, lvi.) See PICKWICK (SAMUEL) and WELLER (SAMufl).

Weller, Mrs. Susan. His wife, formerly Mrs. Clarke. (Ch xxvii, xlv.) See WELLER (SAMUEL) and WELLER (TONY). Whiffers. A footman at Bath. (Ch. xxxvii.)

Wicks, Mr. Clerk in office of Dodson and Fogg. (Ch. xx.) Wilkins. Gardener to Captain Boldwig. (Ch. xix.) Winkle, Mr., senior. Father of Nathaniel Winkle; an old wharfinger at Birmingham, and a thorough man of business, having the most methodical habits, and never committing himself hastily in any affair. He is greatly displeased at his son's marriage to Miss Arabella Allen, but finally forgives him, and admits that the lady is " a very charming little daughter-in-law, after all." (Ch. 1, lvi.) Winkle, Nathaniel. A member of the Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club, and a cockney pretender to sporting skill. (Ch. i-v, vii, ix, xi-xiii, xv, xviii, xix, xxiv-xxvi, xxviii, xxxxxxii, xxxiv-xxxvi, xxxviii, xxxix, xliv, xlvii, liv, lvi, lvii.) Witherfield, Miss. A middle-aged lady, affianced to Mr. Magnus. (Ch. xxii, xxiv.) See MAGNUS, PETER.

Wugsby, Mrs. Colonel. A fashionable lady whom Mr. Pickwick meets at Bath. (Ch. xxxv, xxxvi.) Zephyr, The. See MIVINS, MR.

PRINCIPAL INCIDENTS.

CHAPTER I. Meeting of the Pickwick Club; Mr. Blotton calls Mr. Pickwick a "humbug" in a Pickwickian sense."-II. The Pickwickians get into trouble with the coachmen at the Golden Cross Inn; they meet Mr. Alfred Jingle; the journey to Rochester; after supper at the Bull Inn, Mr. Tupman and Mr. Jingle attend the ball, Mr. Jingle wearing Mr. Winkle's coat; Mr. Jingle excites the jealousy of Dr. Slammer, who chalenges Mr. Winkle in consequence; the duel, which is interrupted by Dr. Slammer discover. ing that Mr. Winkle is "not the man."-III. Dismal Jemmy relates "The Stroller's Tale;" Dr. Slammer recognizes Mr. Jingle. -IV. The military review at Rochester; meeting with Mr. Wardle and his party.-V. The drive to Dingley Dell; Mr. Winkle, dismounting, is nable to remount; and, Mr. Pickwick going to his assistance, his horse runs away, leaving the Pickwickians to walk the rest of the way. - VI. The card-party at Mr. Wardle's; the

clergyman recites The Ivy Green," and relates "The Convict's Return."- VII. Mr. Winkle attemps to shoot the rocks, and wounds Mr. Tupman; the cricket-match at Muggleton, and the dinner which followed.-VIII. Mr. Tupman proposes to Miss Rachael, and is discovered by the fat boy; Joe, relating the discovery to old Mrs. Wardle, is overheard by Mr. Jingle, who determines to supersede Mr. Tupman in the spinster's affections. - IX. Finding his arts successful, he elopes with her; Mr. Wardle and Mr. Pickwick follow, and are just on the point of overtaking the fugitives, when their carriage breaks down. — X. Bam Weller's first appearance as "boots" at the White Hart Inn; his account of his father's marriage; Mr. Wardle questions Sam, and finds that Jingle and Miss Rachael are at the White Hart; Mr. Jingle is bought off, and the lady returns with her brother. - XI. The disappearance of Mr. Tupman, and the journey of Pickwick, Snodgrass, and Winkle In search of him; Mr. Pickwick discovers the stone with the famous antique inscription; the madman's manuscript; the discussion occasioned among the learned societies by Mr. Pickwick's discovery. - XII. Mr. Pickwick, informing Mrs. Bardell of his determination to employ a valet, finds himself in an awkward situation, in which he is discovered by his friends; Mr. Pickwick engages Sam Weller as his valet. XIII. Some account of Eatan@will, and the rival factions of the Buffs and Blues; Mr. Perker explains how an election is managed, and introduces the Pickwickians to Mr. Pott, editor of the Gazette, who invites Mr. Pickwick and Mr. Winkle to his house; Sam Weller relates to his master some tricks of the election; speeches of the rival candidates, and success of the Hon. Samuel Slumkey.XIV. "The Bagman's Story."-XV. Mr. Leo Hunter waits upon Mr. Pickwick, and invites him and his friends to a fête champêtre, to be given by Mrs. Leo Hunter; dispute and reconciliation of Mr. Pickwick and Mr. Tupman; the fancy ball at Mrs. Hunter's, and re-appear. ance of Alfred Jingle as Mr. Charles Fitz-Marshall; recognizing Mr. Pickwick, he suddenly departs, and is followed by Mr. Pickwick and Sam to the Angel, at Bury St. Edmunds. — XVI. Sam gives Mr. Pickwick some account of his bringing up; Sam discovers Mr. Job Trotter, who reveals the plans of Mr. Charles Fitz-Marshall for eloping with a young lady from the boarding-school; Mr. Pickwick's adventure in the boarding-school; he is relieved from his unpleasant situation by the appearance of Mr. Wardle and Mr. Trundle. - XVII. Mr. Pickwick reads to Mr. Wardle the "Story of the Parish Clerk."-XVIII. Mr. Pott, having his jealousy of Mr. Winkle excited by an article in "The Independent," denounces that gentleman, whereupon a scene ensues, ending in the departure of Mr. Winkle; Messrs. Winkle, Snodgrass, and Tupman join Mr. Pickwick at the Angel, at Bury St. Edmunds; Mr. Pickwick receives a letter from Messrs. Dodson and Fogg, informing him of Mrs. Bardell's suit for breach of promise. - XIX. Account of the shooting-party and the extraordinary skill of Messrs. Tupman and Winkle; Sam Weller explains the mysteries of "weal pie;" Mr. Pickwick, having imbibed punch very freely, falls asleep in a wheelbarrow, and is left alone while the party continue their sport; he is discovered by Capt. Boldwig, who orders him to be wheeled off to the pound, from which he is rescued by Mr. Vardie and Sam Weller. - XX. Mr. Pickwick and Sam visit the office of Dodson and Fogg, <ter wbich they call at a tavern, where Sam unexpectedly encounters his father; from m they learn that Jingle and Job Trotter are at Ipswich, and Mr. Pickwick decides to week them there at once; Mr. Pickwick finds Mr. Lowten at the head of a convivial party at the Magpie and Stump, and is invited to join them.-XXI. Jack Bamber relates some stories about Gray's Inn, and also "A Tale of a Queer Client."-XXII. Mr. Pickwick, going to Ipswich, meets Mr. Peter Magnus, going to the same place, and learns from that gentleman his object in visiting that city; Mr. Pickwick, retiring for the night, leaves his watch upon the table, and, returning to seek it, loses his way, and gets into the wrong room, which proves to be the chamber of a middle-aged lady.-XXIII. Sam Weller unxpectedly encounters Mr. Job Trotter, and begins his return-match.-XXIV. Mr. Magnus ntroduces Mr. Pickwick to his lady, and is astonished at their behavior; Miss Witherfield waits upon George Nupkins, Esq., and enters a complaint against Mr. Pickwick, in consequence of which that gentleman and Mr. Tupman are arrested, and, in attempting a rescue, Sam Weller and the other Pickwickians share the same fate. XXV. The trial before George Nupkins, Esq., which is brought to an unexpected termination by Mr. Pickwick exposing Mr Alfred Jingle and lus designs; Mr. Weller also exposes Job Trotter; The first passage on afr. Weller's first love. XXVI. Sam visits Mrs. Bardell, and assiste in a conversation which throws some light on the action of Bardell vs. Pickwick.

XXVII. Sam goes to Dorking, and makes the acquaintance of his mother-in-law and the Rev. Mr. Stiggins, and also has an interview with Mr. Weller, senior. - XXVIII. The Pickwickians and Sam Weller go to Dingley Dell, and attend the wedding of Mr. Trundle and Miss Isabella Wardle; Mr. Pickwick speaks at the wedding-breakfast, and dances with old Mrs. Wardle in the evening; Mr. Wardle sings a "Christmas Carol."-XXIX. Mr. Wardle relates "The Story of the Goblins who stole a Sexton."-XXX. The Pickwickians make the acquaintance of Mr. Ben Allen and Mr. Bob Sawyer: Mr. Winkle exhibits his skill in the accomplishment of skating; Mr. Pickwick's fall through the ice, and rescue; breaking up of the party.-XXXI. Mr. Jackson, of the house of Dodson and Fogg, subpoenas the friends and servant of Mr. Pickwick; Mr. Pickwick and Sam go to Mr. Perker's, Sam relating on the way the mysterious disappearance of a respectable tradesman; Mr. Perker informs Mr. Pickwick that he has retained Serjeant Snubbin a his advocate, and is amazed at Mr. Pickwick's determination to see that eminent person age; Mr. Pickwick's interview with Serjeant Snubbin, in which they are joined by Mr Phunky.-XXXII. Mr. Bob Sawyer, proposing to give a bachelor party, has some trouble with his landlady; the party, getting noisy, are ordered out by Mrs. Raddle. - XXXIII Mr. Sam Weller, going to meet his father at the Blue Boar, has his attention attracted by a valentine in a shop-window, and, purchasing paper and pens, he indites a valentine to Mary, which Mr. Weller, senior, criticises and approves; Mr. Weller and Sam attend the meeting of the Brick Lane Branch of the United Grand Junction Ebenezer Total Abstinence Association; Mr. Stiggins also attends in a state which astonishes the members, and causes the dispersion of the meeting. XXXIV. Commencement of the memorable trial, Bardell vs. Pickwick; dramatic effect of Mrs. Bardell's appearance; address of Serjeant Buzfuz, followed by the examination of the witnesses, and the important testimony of Sam Weller; verdict for the plaintiff.-XXXV. The Pickwickians, going to Bath, make the acquaintance of Capt. Dowler, also of Angelo Cyrus Bantam, Esq., M.C.; Sam goes on an errand to Queen Square, and meets the resplendent footman; the ball-night in the assembly-room at Bath, where Mr. Pickwick does himself no credit at cards. XXXVI. Mr. Pickwick takes lodgings for himself and friends in the Royal Crescent; he finds the "True Legend of Prince Bladud; " Mr. Dowler, sitting up for his wife, who has gone to a party, falls asleep; on her return in a sedan-chair, Mr. Winkle is the first person aroused, and he proceeds, in dressing-gown and slippers, to open the door, when it is blown to behind him, and he rushes into the sedan-chair; exciting chase of Mr. Winkle by Mr. Dowler. - XXXVII. Sam Weller receives an invitation to a "friendly swarry" by the Bath footmen, which he attends under the patronage of Mr. John Smauker; Mr. Pickwick relates to Sam the story of Mr. Winkle's flight, and commissions him to find and bring him back. XXXVIII. Mr. Winkle, having fled to Bristol, unexpectedly finds himself in the presence of Mr. Bob Sawyer and Mr. Ben Allen; Mr. Allen explains to Mr. Winkle his intentions in egard to his sister Arabella; Mr. Winkle, returning to his hotel, is greatly astonished to find Mr. Dowler; mutual explanation and reconciliation.-XXXIX. Sam Weller appears, and undertakes to find Miss Arabella Allen; his unexpected meeting with the pretty bousemaid, through whom he finds and has an interview with Miss Allen; Mr. Pickwick arranges and assists at a meeting between Mr. Winkle and Miss Arabella, and casts new light on the studies of a scientific gentleman.-XL. Mr. Pickwick is arrested; Mr. Perker *isits him, but is unable to induce him to pay the damages adjudged, and Mr. Pickwick is carried to the Fleet.-XLI. Sam relates the story of the chancery prisoner; Mr. Pickwick makes the acquaintance of Messrs. Mivins and Smangle. - XLII. Mr. Smangle's attempt to get possession of Mr. Pickwick's linen is frustrated by Sam Weller; Mr. Pickwick is "chummed " upon No. 27 in the third, and takes possession of his quarters, but unding his presence disagreeable to his chums, and learning that he can live elsewhere, he hires a room in the coffee-house flight; he visits the poor side of the prison, and encounters Mr. Alfred Jingle and Mr. Job Trotter; Mr. Pickwick dismisses Sam. XLIII. Ram arranges with his father a little plan, by which he gets himself arrested and sent to the Fleet as a prisoner, in which character he astonishes Mr. Pickwick. - XLIV. Sam relates to his master the story of the man "as killed hisself on principle;" he makes the acquaintance of his chum, the cobbler; Mr. Pickwick is visited by Messrs. Tupman Snodgrass, and Winkle; death of the chancery prisoner. - XLV. Sam Weller is visited by Als father, his mother-in-law, and the shepherd; he is overwhelmed with astonishment a

encountering Mr. Job Trotter; Mr. Trotter introduces Mr. Pickwick and Sam to a "whistling-shop."-XLVI. Mrs. Bardell is visited by some friends, with whom and her lodger she goes to the Spaniard Tea Gardens; their tea-party is interrupted by Mr. Jackson, of Dodson and Fogg's, by whom Mrs. Bardell is carried to the Fleet, in execution for costs in the case of Bardell vs. Pickwick.—XLVII. Mr. Perker, having received notice of this from Sam, visits Mr. Pickwick, Mr. and Mrs. Winkle appear, to confess their marriage; Mr. Snodgrass and Mr. Tupman also arrive; and Mr. Pickwick finally yields to their united appeals, and consents to release himself from prison. -XLVIII. Mr. Fob Sawyer and Mr Ben Allen, discussing the prospects, business and matrimonial, of the former, are visited by an aunt of the latter, also by Mr. Pickwick and Sam; Mr. Pickwick's explanation reconciles all parties to the marriage of Miss Allen with Mr. Winkle; Mr. Pickwick again meets the one-eyed bagman. - XLIX. He relates "The Story of his Uncle."-L. Mr. Pickwick having arranged with Mr Ben Allen to accompany him to Birmingham, to explain matters to the elder Mr. Winkle, is surprised at Mr. Sawyer's determination to go with them; humorous conduct of that gentleman on the journey; the three visit Mr. Winkle, senior; unfavorable result of the interview. -LI. The party, returning to London, stop at the Saracen's Head, Towcester, where they find Mr. Pott; arrival of Mr. Slurk, and desperate encounter of the rival editors.-LII. Sam receives news of the death of his mother-in-law, and goes to Dorking to see his father; Mr. Stiggins pays a visit of sympathy to the widower, by whom he is kicked out of doors, and ducked in the horse-trough. -LIII. Mr. Pickwick calls to consult Mr. Perker on Mr. Winkle's affairs, and meets Mr. Jingle and Job Trotter, who finally take their leave of him and of the reader; Mr. Pickwick gives Messrs. Dodson and Fogg his opinion of their character. - LIV. The fat boy announces the arrival of his master; Mr. Wardle astonishes Mr. Pickwick with the story of the attachment of Mr. Snodgrass, and Miss Emily Wardle; Mr. Snodgrass, visiting Miss Emily, is discovered by the fat boy, who is bribed to keep the secret; Mr. Wardle and his party returning earlier than expected, Mr. Snodgrass conceals himself in an inner room, from which he is unable to escape; unaccountable behavior of Joe, which is explained by the appearance of Mr. Snodgrass, and his story. -LV. Mr. Weller, advised by Sam, has his late wife's will probated, and sells his share in the funds, through the aid of Wilkins Flasher, Esq.-LVI. Mr. Weller, senior, consigns his property into the hands of Mr. Pickwick; Mr. Pickwick advises Sam, with his father's consent, to marry, but Sam stoutly refuses to leave his master; Mr. Winkle, senior, calls on his daughter-in-law, and becomes reconciled to his son's marriage.-LVIII. Mr. Pickwick announces the dissolution of the club; marriage of Snodgrass and Emily Wardle, and subsequent history of the principal tharacters.

The Adventures of Oliver Twist.

THE greater part of this tale was originally published during the years 1837 and 1838, in "Bentley's Magazine," of which Mr. Dickens was at that time the editor. It was begun in the second number (for February, 1837), and was illustrated by George Cruikshank. On its completion, it was issued in three volumes, by Mr. Bentley.

In "Oliver Twist " Dickens assailed the abuses of the poor-law and workhouse system. Of his more general object in writing the work, he has himself given this account:

"I have yet to learn that a lesson of the purest good may not be drawn from the vilest evil. I have always belleved this to be a recognized and established truth, laid down by the greatest men the world has ever seen, constantly acted upon by the greatest and wisest natures, and confirmed by the reason and experience of every thinking mind. I saw no reason. when I wrote this book, why the dregs of life, so long as their speech did not offend the ear, should not serve the purpose of a moral, at least as well as its froth and cream. Nor did I doubt that there lay festering in Saint Giles's as good materials towards the truth as any to be found in Saint James's.

"In this spirit, when I wished to show in little Oliver the principle of good surviving through every adverse circumstance, and triumphing at last; and when I considered among what companions I could try him best, having regard to that kind of men into whose hands he would most naturally fall, I bethought myself of those who figure in these volumes. When I came to discuss the subject more maturely with myself, I saw many strong reasons for pursuing the course to which I was inclined. I had read of thieves by scores,'cductive fellows (amiable for the most part), faultless in dress, plump in pocket, choice n horse-flesh, bold in bearing, fortunate in gallantry, great at a song, a bottle, pack of cards, or dice-box, and fit companions for the bravest; but I had never met (except in HOGARTH, Will, the miserable reality. It appeared to me that to draw a knot of such asBociates in crime as really do exist; to paint them in all their deformity, in all their wretchedness, in all the squalid poverty of their lives; to show them as they really are or ever skulking uneasily through the dirtiest paths of life, with the great, black, gliast ¡y gallows closing up their prospect, turn them where they may, it appeared to me that o do this would be to attempt a something which was greatly needed, and which would sé a service to society. And therefore I did it as I best could." See page 543.