APPENDIX

Indian Population

An Indian as defined by the Indian Service includes any person of Indian blood who through wardship, treaty, or inheritance has acquired certain rights. This embraces non-Indians entitled to enrollment. Thus, the census of the Five Civilized Tribes includes 23,405 freedmen. The Census Bureau defines an Indian as a person having Indian blood to such a degree as to be recognized in his community as an Indian. Furthermore, the population enumerated at Federal agencies is not necessarily domiciled on or near the reservations. It is the population on the agency rolls and includes both reservation and nonreservation Indians. Thus, an Indian may be carried on the rolls because of tribal or inheritance rights, etc., and may reside anywhere in the United States or in a foreign country. Reports of births and deaths among absentees are often not received. In many instances certification is made to the State registrars of vital statistics and thus to the Bureau of the Census, but not to the Indian Service. In a considerable number of cases the addresses of nonreservation Indians are unknown. For the above reasons the statistics of Indian population as shown in the decennial reports of the Bureau of the Census do not agree with the statistics of the Indian Service.

The total estimated and enumerated number of Indians reported by Federal agencies on April 1, 1930, was 340,541. This number consists of 221,808 Indians who were actually enumerated and 118,733 other Indians who were taken from tribal rolls, earlier and special censuses, and estimates based on records. For convenience the latter number hereafter will be considered as an estimate. (See tabular statement below.)

The aggregate estimated and enumerated population for April 1, 1930, represents an increase over the corresponding figure for the previous year of 0.9 per cent. If a comparison is made between the number actually enumerated in the same areas for 1929 and 1930 the increase is 1.4 per cent.

Of the 221,808 Indians enumerated, 112,907 were males, 108,890 females, and for 11 the sex was not reported.

It is significant when the Indians enumerated are considered that 185,377, or 83.6 per cent, resided at the Federal jurisdiction where enrolled, while only 3,984, or 1.8 per cent, resided at another jurisdiction, and 32,447, or 14.6 per cent, resided elsewhere—that is, outside of any Federal jurisdiction.

Of the 32,447 Indians residing elsewhere, 41 were living in the New England States, 208 in the Middle Atlantic, 3,633 in the East North Central, 9,234 in the West North Central, 437 in the South Atlantic, 93 in the East South Central, 2,166 in the West South Central, 5,120

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According to a preliminary tabulation of the tribes enumerat on April 1, 1930, the most important numerically were the Navaj Sioux, and Chippewa, numbering 40,863, 33,168, and 23,647, respe tively.

The Indian population not actually enumerated (termed an es mate) is 118,733, which is compiled as follows:

California, Sacramento Agency, part of, 1930 estimate.
Michigan, 1927 census..

New York, 1928 per capita payment rolls and 1930 estimate..
Oklahoma:

Five Civilized Tribes, final roll of the Five Civilized Tribes on
Mar. 4, 1907__

Kaw Reservation, 1930 estimate_

Texas, 1929 Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs_
Washington, Taholah Agency, scattered bands, 1930 estimate____

Wisconsin:

Red Cliff Reservation, 1928 census

Rice Lake Band of Chippewas, special census, July, 1930.
Stockbridge Reservation, 1910 census.

8, 7

1, 1

4, 4

101, 50

69

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In the following table the Indian population as reported by the United States Fourteenth Census for 1920 is given for States in which there are no Federal agencies.

Doubtless many of these Indians, if still residing in these States. are duplicated in the columns "Residing elsewhere" in the table showing Indian population in continental United States enumerated at Federal agencies, according to tribe, sex, and residence, April 1, 1930.

TABLE 1.—Indian population1 of States in which there are no Federal Agencies, 1920