CHAPTER V.-Housing and living conditions—Continued.
Table 21.-Number of households occupying apartments of each specified
number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.
(Study of households)..

Table 22.-Number of households of each specified number of persons, by
general nativity and race of head of household. (Study of households)...
Table 23.-Number of households and number of persons in apartments of
each specified number of rooms, by general natívity and race of head of
household. (Study of households)..

Table 24.-Persons per room, by general nativity and race of head of household. (Study of households)..

Page.

720

720

721

721

722

Table 25.-Persons per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household. (Study of households)..

Table 26.-Number of households regularly sleeping in all except each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household. (Study of households).

722

CHAPTER VI.-Salient characteristics:

Table 27.-Literacy of persons 10 years of age or over, by sex and general
nativity and race of individual. (Study of households)..
Table 28.-Literacy of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over, by sex,
years in the United States, and race of individual. (Study of house-
holds).

723

723, 724

Table 29.-Literacy of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over, by sex, age at time of coming to the United States, and race of individual. (Study of households)...

Table 30.-Conjugal condition, by sex, age groups, and general nativity and race of individual. (Study of households)..

724

725-727

Table 31.-Number of persons within each age group, by sex and general nativity and race of head of household. (Study of households).. CHAPTER VII.-General progress and assimilation:

Table 32.-Number of families owning home, renting, boarding, etc., by
general nativity and race of head of family. (Study of households)
Table 33.-General occupation of persons under 16 years of age, by sex,
age groups, and general nativity and race of individual. (Study of house-
holds)..

728

729

.... 729, 730

Table 34.-Present political condition of foreign-born males who have been
in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over
at time of coming, by race of individual and length of residence. (Study
of households)..
Table 35.-Ability to speak English of persons 6 years of age or over, by
sex and general nativity and race of individual. (Study of households).
Table 36.-Ability to speak English of foreign-born persons 6 years of age
or over, by sex, age at time of coming to the United States, and race of
individual. (Study of households).

Table 37.-Ability to speak English of foreign-born persons 6 years of age
or over, by sex, years in the United States, and race of individual.
(Study of households)

731

731

732

733

THE OIL REFINING INDUSTRY.

741

IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES.

OIL REFINING.

This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries.

742

History of immigration...

745

745

746

746

Members of households for whom detailed information was secured.

747

748

754

755

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and members of their households................

762

Racial classification of employees at the present time.. CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

770

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied.
Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States...

777

780

General occupation of males at the present time in the househoids studied..
General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied.
Occupations entered in the industry.

781

782

782

Weekly earnings..

Occupations of the first and second generations compared.
Daily earnings..

783

784

784

Relation between period of residence and earning ability.
Annual earnings of male heads of families studied..

785

787

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

789

Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.
Annual family income...

791

792

Wives at work..........

792

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of keeping boarders or lodgers..

793

Sources of family income..

795

Relative importance of the different sources of family income..

Opinions of employers as to the efficiency of immigrant employees..........
Progress of immigrants.

805

806

CHAPTER VI.-Industrial effects of immigration:

Effect of the employment of immigrants upon former employees..

807

Effect of the employment of immigrants upon the establishment of new industries...

Age classification of employees and members of their households.

833