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the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreignborn persons 10 years of age or over who read, and the percentage who read and write:

TABLE 62.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over who read and per cent who read and write, by years in the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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Of the total number of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over the largest proportion who read is in the group who have been in the United States ten years or over; the smallest proportion who read is in the group who have been here under five years. Similarly, an increase in the proportion who both read and write accompanies an increase in the length of residence in this country. However, among the specified races there seems to be little relation between the proportion who are literate and years in the United States. The greater number of the races show the largest proportion who read in the group who have been here five to nine years and the smallest in the group who have been here ten years or over.

As an indication of the progress made by the younger immigrants, as compared with that made by the older immigrants, the table next presented is instructive. This table shows, according to age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over, in the households studied, who read and who read and write:

TABLE 63.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over who read and per cent who read and write, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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Of the group of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over and who were under 14 at the time of coming to the United States, 89.4 per cent read; of the group who were 14 or over at time of coming, 75.6 per cent read. Similarly the greater proportion who read and write is in the group who were under 14 when they came to this country. Moreover, every specified race has the greater proportion who are literate in the under 14 years of age group.

CONJUGAL CONDITION.

The table next presented shows, by sex and general nativity and race, the percentage of employees 20 years of age or over who were in each conjugal condition:

TABLE 64.-Per cent of employees 20 years of age or over in each conjugal condition, by sex and general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races

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TABLE 64.-Per cent of employees 20 years of age or over in each conjugal condition, by sex and general nativity and race-Continued.

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Of 5,509 persons, 29.3 per cent are single, 67.6 per cent are married, and 3 per cent are widowed. The foreign-born show a greater proportion married than do either of the native-born groups. Of the foreign-born races, the Germans and Slovaks report the greatest proportion-over 80 per cent of each race married-while the Lithuanians, with 51 per cent in that condition, show the smallest proportion. Of the English, 9.5 per cent are widowed. No Russians in that conjugal condition.

The table following divides the totals of the one preceding, and shows the percentage of employees in each conjugal condition, by age groups, sex, and general nativity and race.

48296-VOL 16-11-53

TABLE 65.—Per cent of employees in each conjugal condition, by sex, age groups, and by general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 200 or more persons reporting.

The totals, however, are for all races.]

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Of 5,509 persons employed in this industry, 67.6 per cent are married, 29.3 per cent single, and 3 per cent widowed. The foreignborn shows a larger proportion than the native-born of native father, which in turn shows a larger proportion than the native-born of foreign father, who are married. The position of the nativity groups is reversed, as regards the proportion who are single, as the proportion who are widowed is approximately the same of each. Comparing the total number within each age group it is seen that the proportion who are single decreases and the proportion who are married or widowed increases with age. This statement applies to each nativity group, except the foreign-born, which varies only in that a slightly larger proportion of those who are from 30 to 44 years of age than of those who are 45 years of age or over are married. The Slovak is the only race showing a larger proportion of those who are from 20 to 29 years of age married than single.

In the table next presented the percentage of persons in the households studied, in each conjugal condition, is shown by sex, age groups, and general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 66.-Per cent of persons in each conjugal condition, by sex, age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

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