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THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENCY AND
TILDEN FOUNDAL

T II-COPPER MINING AND SMELTING IN MICHIGAN.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTION.

the region-History of the Michigan copper country-Employees for information was secured-[Text Table 71 and General Table 51].

LOCATION OF THE REGION.

ire mineral district of northern Michigan is divided by the into four distinct ranges: First, the copper-bearing range, along the western shore of Lake Superior; second, the ange, extending along the northwestern borders of Wisird, the Menominee iron range, extending along the northorders of Wisconsin; and fourth, the Marquette range, on Keweenaw and Huron bays. For the purposes of this e copper-bearing country on the northern peninsula of north of Portage Lake to Mohawk, is taken as the terrinvestigation. The location and extent of this region may om the accompanying map.

HISTORY OF THE MICHIGAN COPPER COUNTRY.

pper region of northern Michigan, otherwise known as the perior field, was the first important American copper field erated, and at the present time it is one of the principal roducing districts of the world, being third in size of output. survey of the upper peninsula of Michigan was made by glas Houghton, who came to Lake Superior in 1830. The ers were two men of unknown nationality who came to the 1843. For one year after their arrival they endured many s. In the following year they were joined by a number of en, who came from Cornwall, England, where they had been in the coal mines. For many years the Cornishmen were cipal employees. In later years, when the supply of labor insufficient to meet the demands of the operators, it was y to secure other immigrants.

EMPLOYEES FOR WHOM INFORMATION WAS SECURED.

lition to historical and descriptive data and a detailed study holds, information was received for 5,632 employees of the nd smelters. The data secured from the households investipear in Part I, the general survey of the industry. The

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information received from the employees on the Michigan copper range is used as the statistical basis of the tabulation of this part of the report. The following table shows the male employees of each race for whom information was secured:

TABLE 71.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and

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