TABLE 48.-Per cent of children 6 and under 16 years of age at home, at school, and at work, by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more children reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

The above table shows that of the total number of children who were 6 and under 16 years of age 27.3 per cent are at home, 63.8 per cent are at school, and 9 per cent are at work. Foreign-born children show a somewhat greater proportion at home than do the native-born of foreign father, the latter showing a considerably higher percentage of their number at school than foreign-born, while foreign-born show a higher percentage at work than native-born of foreign father. Poles report the highest percentage of children at home, Lithuanians the highest percentage at school, and Poles the highest percentage at work.

The table next presented shows the number and percentage of children 6 and under 16 years of age in the households studied who were at home, at school, and at work, by general nativity and race of father and by birthplace of child.

TABLE 49.-Number and per cent of children 6 and under 16 years of age at home, at school, and at work, by general nativity and race of father and by birthplace of child.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more children born in the United States and also 20 or more born abroad. The native-born of native father are shown for comparative purposes.]

The preceding table shows the greatest proportion of children to be at school, a considerably smaller percentage are at home, while the proportion at work is small as compared with the proportion at school and at home. Of the foreign-born races it should be noted that the percentage of children born abroad who are at work is higher than that of children born in the United States.

CITIZENSHIP.

The extent to which the foreign-born males in the households studied have acquired citizenship or have taken the preliminary steps, is indicated by the table next presented. This table shows, by race of individual, the present political condition of foreign-born males who have been in the United States five years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming.

TABLE 50.-Present political condition of foreign-born males who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

The preceding table shows that 28.4 per cent of foreign-born males reporting are fully naturalized and 8.8 per cent have first papers only. Lithuanians show the greatest proportion fully naturalized and South Italians a comparatively low percentage. Ruthenians show the highest percentage having first papers only and South Italians the lowest.

ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH.

The extent to which foreign-born persons of non-English-speaking races in the households studied are able to speak English is set forth in the following series of tables. The first table presented shows, by sex and general nativity and race of individual, the percentage of persons 6 years of age or over who speak English.

TABLE 51.-Per cent of persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all non-English-speaking races.]

The above table shows that 64.3 per cent of the total number of persons reporting speak English; 67.9 per cent of males and 58.5 per cent of females are able to speak English. Persons native-born of foreign father show a very much higher percentage of their number able to speak English than foreign-born. It should be further noted that 59 per cent of foreign-born males can speak English as contrasted with 34.8 per cent of foreign-born females. Among persons nativeborn of foreign father all races show a high percentage able to speak English, the Poles alone showing less than 90 per cent. Lithuanians and Ruthenians report a slightly larger proportion of females than of males who can speak English. Of the foreign-born races, Slovaks and Ruthenians show over 50 per cent of persons who can speak English, the other races showing somewhat smaller proportions. The table further shows the percentage of males who can speak English to be considerably higher for each race than that of females.

The following table shows the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English, by race of individual and by age at time of coming to the United States:

TABLE 52.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.].

The preceding table shows that 84.5 per cent of persons who were under 14 years of age at the time of arrival in the United States can speak English and 45.1 per cent who were 14 years of age or over at the time of coming to this country can speak English. All of the foreign-born races show over 75 per cent of persons who were under 14 years of age at the time of coming to the United States can speak English. Only one race, the Slovak, shows over 50 per cent of persons who were 14 years of age or over at the time of arrival in this country who are able to speak English.

The progress made by persons of non-English-speaking races in acquiring the ability to speak English after stated periods of residence in this country is exhibited by the following table, which shows by race of individual and by years in the United States, the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English:

TABLE 53.—Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by years in the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all nonEnglish-speaking races.]

The above table shows that 23.8 per cent of the persons reporting who have been in the United States under five years, speak English, and 55.9 per cent of those with a residence from five to nine years, while 67.1 per cent who have been in this country ten years or over are able to speak English. Slovaks show a very high percentage who have been in this country under five years speaking English when contrasted with the other races enumerated, while Poles show comparatively small proportions. All of the races except Lithuanians show over 50 per cent of persons with a residence of from five to nine years who can speak English. South Italians show the highest percentage and Poles the lowest percentage of persons who have been in this country ten years or over and who can speak English.