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TABLE 71.-Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

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Of the 1,019 males studied in the preceding table, 37.9 per cent are fully naturalized and 22 per cent have first naturalization papers only. The proportion of the several races who are fully naturalized ranges from 72.1 per cent of the Swedish to 9.8 per cent of the South Italians. The proportion of each race having expressed their intention of becoming citizens ranges from 30.5 per cent of the North Italians to 8.2 per cent of the Slovenians.

The table following shows, by years in the United States and race, the present political condition of foreign-born male employees who were 21 years of age or over at the time of coming to the United States.

TABLE 72.-Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming to the United States, by years in United States and

race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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Of 1,019 male employees who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming to the United States, and who have been in this country five years or over, 37.9 per cent are fully naturalized and 22 per cent have first papers only. Of 586 who have been in the United States from five to nine years, 13.3 per cent are fully naturalized and 26.6 per cent have first papers only, while of 433 with a residence of ten years or over, 71.1 per cent are fully naturalized and 15.7 per cent have first papers. Of all employees reporting who have been in the United States five years or over the Finns show the largest proportions, or 40.8 per cent, who were fully naturalized. The North Italians and Polish employees follow in the order named, but in much smaller proportions. The North Italian employees show the highest per cent having first papers only and the Poles the smallest percentage. In the groups including employees who have been in the United States from five to nine years and ten years or over, the Finns show the highest per cent who are fully naturalized and the Poles the lowest in the five to nine year group and North Italians in the group of ten or more years' residence.

The following table shows, by race of individual, the present political condition of foreign-born males in the households studied who had been in the United States five years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming to this country: TABLE 73.-Present political condition of foreign-born males who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

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As showing the interest manifested in American citizenship by the foreign-born males in this industry, it will be seen from the preceding table that of the 105 males in the households studied 43, or 41 per cent, are fully naturalized and 20, or 19 per cent, have secured first papers. Only two of the races, the Finnish and Swedish, show as many as 20 males reporting complete data. As between these two races it will be noted that much more interest has been manifested by the Swedes than by the Finns, 17 of the 21 Swedes, or 81 per cent, having become fully naturalized and an additional 3, or 14.3 per cent, having secured first papers, while of the 21 Finns only 5, or 23.8 per cent, have become fully naturalized and an equal proportion have secured first papers only.

The following table shows, by race and locality, the present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States each specified number of years and who were 21 years of age or over at time of arrival:

TABLE 74.-Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States each specified number of years and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by locality and by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more males reporting in each of two or more localities; the total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

IN UNITED STATES 5 TO 9 YEARS.

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The preceding table shows that of the foreign-born male employees who were 21 years of age or over at the time of coming to the United States and who have been in the United States five years or over, the proportion in Michigan who are fully naturalized is very much larger than the proportion in Minnesota who are citizens. The percentage of foreign-born male employees in Michigan who have first papers only is also considerably larger than the percentage of those in Minnesota having first papers. Among foreign-born male

employees who have been in the United States between five and nine years a very much higher percentage of those in Michigan are fully naturalized and have first papers only than of those in Minnesota. Among the foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States ten years or over, the percentage of those who are fully naturalized in Michigan is higher than the percentage fully naturalized in Minnesota; on the other hand, the percentage in Minnesota who have first papers is higher than the percentage of those in Michigan. The Finnish employees who have been in the United States from five to nine years, ten years or over, and five years or over, show considerably greater proportions of those in Michigan who are naturalized than of employees of the same race in Minnesota. The Finnish employees with a residence of five years or over and from five to nine years, show a higher percentage having first papers only in Michigan than in Minnesota, while of those with a residence of ten years or over the proportion in Minnesota having first papers only is considerably larger than the proportion of those in Michigan having first papers.

ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH.

The extent to which the foreign-born mine workers of non-Englishspeaking races are able to speak English is set forth in the following table, which shows, by sex and general nativity and race of individual. the percentage of persons 6 years of age or over for whom information was secured who speak English:

TABLE 75.-Per cent of persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by sex and gereral nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The totals. however, are for all non-English-speaking races.]

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Of the 626 persons for whom information was obtained, 67.9 per cent speak English-the males reporting 82.3 per cent, as com pared with 51.4 per cent of the females. As between the foreignborn and native-born of foreign father, it will be noted that the proportion of males of the former who speak English is slightly below and the proportion of females considerably below the proportion

shown for all males and for all females, while the native-born of foreign father show a proportion of males who speak English considerably above and the proportion of females very much in excess of the proportion shown in the total for all males and females, respectively.

or

Among the foreign-born, the Swedes, with 97.9 per cent, show a slightly larger proportion of males who speak English than do the Slovaks or Finns, a considerably larger proportion than do the Slovenians, and a much larger proportion than the Croatians South Italians, the last named reporting only 51.7 per cent. As regards the females, the Croatians, with 7.8 per cent, show the smallest proportion, while the Swedes, with 85 per cent who speak English, again show the largest proportion. Both the proportion of South Italian and Slovenian females who speak English is considerably below that shown by the Finnish females, while the Slovaks show a proportion of females who speak English in excess of the proportion of Finns, Slovenians, and South Italians combined.

The following table shows, by race, the percentage of persons of non-English-speaking races who could speak English:

TABLE 76.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees who speak English, by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more males reporting. The total, however is for all non-English-speaking races.]

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Of 4,033 foreign-born male employees reporting complete data, 62.1 per cent speak English. The French Canadian employees show the greatest proportion-98.4 per cent-who can speak English; the German employees and the Swedish also show over 90 per cent, while the Slovak employees show over 80 per cent and the Slovenian employees over 70 per cent who are able to speak English. The employees of all other races except the Bulgarians, Montenegrins, and North Italians show 50 per cent who can speak English, the Bulgarians showing only 15.3 per cent having this ability.

48296°-VOL 16-11-19

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