IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES. IRON ORE MINING. This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries. 197 IRON ORE MINING. CONTENTS. PART I-GENERAL SURVEY OF THE IRON ORE MINING INDUSTRY. Members of households for whom detailed information was secured. 207 209 Employees for whom information was secured.. 209 CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements: Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and members of their households..... 213 Racial classification of employees at the present time. 218 CHAPTER III.-Economic status: Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied. General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied. Annual earnings of male heads of families studied. Relation between period of residence and earning ability. 233 236 Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.. 238 239 Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of keeping boarders or lodgers... Age classification of employees and members of their households. 273 277 278 Citizenship....... Ability to speak English.. 278 282 PART II.-THE IRON ORE MINING INDUSTRY IN MINNESOTA. Members of households for whom detailed information was secured. Present population of the ranges. members of their households..... Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and Racial classification of employees at the present time. CHAPTER III.-Economic status: Page. 291 292 293 293 293 294 296 297 300 302 304 304 Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied.. 307 Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United States.... Weekly earnings... General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied. General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied. Occupations in the mines entered by immigrants... Relation between period of residence and earning ability. 315 316 keeping boarders or lodgers.. Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.. Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied. Annual family income.. Wives at work..... Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of 318 320 321 321 322 Sources of family income... 322 CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions: Relative importance of different sources of family income. 324 326 Mining methods. Hours worked per day. Labor employed in the several systems of mining on the Mesabi Range... 330 329 Regularity of employment.. 330 Wage payments... 330 Mining accidents.. 332 Hospital and medical service... 332 Company accident insurance.. Fraudulent employment practices. The immigrant and organized labor. CHAPTER V.-Industrial progress and efficiency: Progress of immigrants. 334 336 General housing and living conditions. Rent in its relation to standard of living. Boarders and lodgers..... Size of apartments occupied Racial efficiency.. Saloons, and the use of intoxicants as affecting efficiency. CHAPTER VI.-Industrial and other effects of immigration: CHAPTER VII.-Housing and living conditions: Methods and cost of living on the Mesabi Range 330 340 341 The effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon the former em 343 343 344 347 350 351 353 355 356 356 |