EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH: PROSPECTS AND PRIORITIES APPENDIX 1 TO HEARINGS ON H.R. 3606 AND RELATED COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 65-715 JANUARY 1972 Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and Labor U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1972 COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR EDITH GREEN, Oregon CARL D. PERKINS, Kentucky, Chairman FRANK THOMPSON, JR., New Jersey JOSEPH M. GAYDOS, Pennsylvania ALBERT H. QUIE, Minnesota EDWIN D. ESHLEMAN, Pennsylvania PETER A. PEYSER, New York SELECT SUBCOMMITTEE ON EDUCATION PATSY T. MINK, Hawall OGDEN R. REID, New York EDWIN D. ESHLEMAN, Pennsylvania PETER A. PEYSER, New York (II) Letter of transmittal by Congressman John Brademas.. SECTION I. THE PAST DECADE OF EDUCATIONAL R. & D. THE MIXED REPORT CARD OF THE SIXTIES, by Francis S. Chase II. SUMMARY OF INFORMED OPINION. OBSTACLES TO EFFECTIVE COOPERATION. STEPS TO INCREASE EFFECTIVENESS.. SECTION II. THE PRESENT AGENDA OF EDUCATIONAL R. & D. CLASSROOM TEACHERS AND EDUCATIONAL SCHOLARS: THE PROBLEM OF GETTING THEM TOGETHER, by Albert H. Yee. THE TRANSLATION OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTO ACTION, by Ernest R. Hilgard.......... MEETING THE MEASUREMENT NEEDS OF EDUCATION, by AN OVERVIEW OF INDIVIDUALIZED INSTRUCTION, by Jack V. STATEWIDE ASSESSMENT: ITS FUTURE AND POTENTIAL FOR EDUCATIONAL REFORM, by Henry S. Dyer and Robert J. Solomon. SOCIAL ACCOUNTING IN EDUCATION; REFLECTIONS ON SUPPLY AND DEMAND, by David K. Cohen.. Page V SECTION III. SOME EMERGING PROBLEMS FOR EDUCATION THE DESEGREGATION/INTEGRATION DILEMMA IN HIGHER 100 117 OPEN EDUCATION: CHANGING SCHOOLS FOR CHILDREN, by 132 PLANNING FOR NEW STUDENTS TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN 144 MASS HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS 153 THE MORAL CONTENT OF AMERICAN PUBLIC EDUCATION, EMERGING DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATION, by Maxine Green.... 163 170 177 Hon. CARL D. PERKINS, CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, Chairman, Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representa tives, Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: On March 3, 1970, in his message to Congress on educational reform, President Nixon called for the creation of a National Institute of Education as a "focus for educational research and experimentation in the United States." Declaring that "American education is in urgent need of reform" and that "we are not getting as much as we should out of the dollars we spend" on education, the President called for "a searching reexamination of our entire approach to learning". As the President warned: We must stop pretending that we understand the mystery of the learning process, or that we are significantly applying science and technology to the techniques of teaching-when we spend less than one-half of 1 percent of our educational budget on research, compared with 5 percent of our health budget and 10 percent of defense. Legislation proposing the establishment of a National Institute of Education was introduced in the 91st and 92d Congresses. During 1970 and 1971, beginning with the introduction of the original bill on March 3, 1970, the Select Subcommittee on Education of the House Committee on Education and Labor held 8 days of hearings on the proposal and, in addition, visited several centers of educational research and development in the United States as well as in Great Britain, France, Norway, Poland, and the Soviet Union. These three volumes of essays, "Educational Research: Prospects and Priorities," "Purpose and Process: Readings in Educational Research and Development," and "Alternative Futures in American Education," are thus part of what I believe to be the most careful consideration yet by a congressional subcommittee on the subject of research and development in education. These essays have been commissioned by the Select Education Subcommittee from scholars who have studied the aims of education, the issues of educational research and ways of improving how we teach and learn. As you know, Mr. Chairman, both the House of Representatives on November 4, 1971, and the Senate on August 6, 1971, passed with strong bipartisan support bills authorizing the creation of a National Institute of Education. At the present writing, therefore, the next step in the legislative process is action by a conference committee. Hopefully, one of the principal achievements of the 92d Congress will be the establishment of a new entity which will contribute to strengthening research and development at every level in American education. These essays are intended to contribute to a wider understanding of the National Institute of Education and some of the issues which it will address. Sincerely, John Brademar Chairman, Select Subcommittee on Education. |