Representative HOSMER. I am not familiar enough with this subject to really know whether gravity wave investigations are a part of high-energy physics or should be part of an entirely different discipline.

Dr. MCDANIEL. If the gravity waves are real or as real as Dr. Weber believes them to be, it is one of the most exciting things which has occurred in physics in perhaps the last 25 or 30 years.

Although the evidence that Dr. Weber presents is now being commented on by the scientific community, there are some indications that perhaps he has detected gravity waves.

Representative HOSMER. Is it in AEC's bailiwick or isn't it?

Dr. MCDANIEL. It would be in our atomic and classical physics category.

Representative HOSMER. That is what I wanted to know.

Thank you.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Proceed.

Dr. MCDANIEL. At the present time, architect-engineering activities on the conventional 200 Bev facilities are about 40 percent complete, and on schedule. Rough roads, site grading, and the linac enclosure have been completed.

Construction work on the booster housing, cross gallery, main accelerator housing, main ring road, central utility plant, master substation, and industrial area buildings is well underway, and essentially on schedule.

Regarding major components of the accelerator, we are pleased to report that a proton current of 160 milliamperes was accelerated to 10 Mev by the linear accelerator, just prior to shutdown for the move to the linac building.

The linac high-voltage set has been installed in its permanent position. The booster prototype magnet has been successfully run continuously for 100 hours. During the run, the entire system was monitored and controlled by the booster computer.

The first main accelerator bending magnet was recently completed. It has been excited to 22.5 kilogauss and detailed field measurements are in progress. Contracts have been let for approximately one-half of the main ring steel, for vacuum chambers and for the outer coils. An inner coil has been successfully fabricated.

TRAINING OF DISADVANTAGED YOUTHS

Dr. Wilson is continuing to stress the training of disadvantaged youths. During 1969, a group of 24 young Negro men were selected by the laboratory to participate in the training and technology project (TAT) conducted at AEC facilities at Oak Ridge. NAL recruited the trainees and assured them of skilled jobs following their training periods which averaged about 30 weeks.

The young men are between the ages of 18 and 30, and nearly all were recruited from the inner-city of Chicago. They were trained for jobs as machinists, welders, electronics technicians, draftsmen, or mechanical technicians. The program was very successful, and 22 of the 24 completed the program. All are now productively employed at the laboratory. One took a higher paving job outside the lab, but later returned to the lab because he found the work there more satisfying. Chairman HOLIFIELD. Who were these young men?

Dr. MCDANIEL. They are disadvantaged youths from the innercity of Chicago. In the older days, we would have referred to them as poor people.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. That is a remarkable success for that program, 22 out of 24.

Dr. MCDANIEL. It is. We are very proud of this.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Most of the programs where they are working with these hard-core trainees are far less successful.

Dr. MCDANIEL. The fact that this young lad came back to the laboratory because he found the job more satisfying at the laboratory for less pay is worth mentioning to the committee.

Representative HOSMER. They were sent to Oak Ridge for training? Dr. MCDANIEL. Yes.

Representative HOSMER. How long were they down there altogether? Dr. MCDANIEL. Thirty weeks altogether. A great deal of that time was spent at Oak Ridge.

Another similar program is anticipated by the laboratory this year, with perhaps a few less trainees than in the previous year. Other activities aimed toward assisting disadvantaged persons are expected to continue. For instance, last summer 35 disadvantaged youthsmostly female-were involved in the Youth Opportunity Program. A similar program is expected in the coming summer months. (A related article follows:)

[From the Nuclear Division News, Oak Ridge, Tenn., Thursday, Mar. 12, 1970]

20 INNER CITY DISADVANTAGED SELECTED FOR TRAINING PROGRAM

In a repeat of 1969's successful experiment, 20 more disadvantaged young men have been recruited, primarily from Chicago's inner city, for industrial-skill and technical training in the Training and Technology Program.

The recruits, most of whom are between 18 and 25 years of age, were selected by the Atomic Energy Commission's National Accelerator Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory, and will enroll in the TAT training cycle which begins in April.

Last year, the National Accelerator Laboratory recruited 24 Chicago innercity blacks for the pilot experimentation program. Twenty-two trainees completed the program and are now employed by NAL.

JOB AWAITS GRADUATES

The new group includes a few Indians and Mexican-Americans in addition to the blacks. NAL selected 12 trainees, and the Argonne facility recruited 8. Those completing training will fill skilled technical jobs at the two AEC facilities in Illinois.

TAT will provide job instruction and related training in electronics, machining, mechanical operations, and drafting. As in previous cycles, training will be conducted by Union Carbide personnel at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. Shop and laboratory instruction will be supplemented with individual counseling and extensive classroom and directed study in trade-related industrial mathematics, communications, and science.

The goal of TAT's worker-training program is to train the unemployed and underemployed to fill skilled industrial jobs. The Chicago effort is designed to demonstrate TAT's effectiveness as a satellite training center for other AEC contractors and for industry in general.

TRAINING PERIOD VARIES

The training period may vary for each member of the Chicago group, with the average period expected to be about 6 months. In cooperation with NAL and ANL, TAT will evaluate the trainees frequently so they can be placed on jobs as soon as they appear ready for full-time assignments.

TAT's worker-training program, conducted by Oak Ridge Associated Universities and the Nuclear Division, is being supported through an interagency agreement between the AEC and the U.S. Department of Labor under the Manpower Training and Development Act. Since TAT began in 1966, more than 900 graduates of its worker-training program have been placed in job areas of critical need to modern, technology-based industry.

Dr. MCDANIEL. As a result of outstanding performance by the National Accelerator Laboratory staff, Dr. Wilson still believes that an initial beam of 200-Bev protons can be delivered by the end of June 1972. The project schedule and cost estimate are extremely tight; we expect they can be met providing the necessary funding becomes available.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Could you tell us what progress they are making out there in the areas of open housing and in contracting with groups of minority businessmen?

OPEN HOUSING

Dr. MCDANIEL. I would like to ask Mr. K. C. Brooks, who is the area manager at the Weston site.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. IS Mr. Brooks here?

STATEMENT OF K. C. BROOKS, AREA MANAGER, NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY

Mr. BROOKS. Yes, sir.

We are working on it. I do not have the details here, Mr. Holifield, but we are concentrating on open housing as far as we can.

I have just employed in my own office a colored man who has been in the inner city of Chicago for some time. He is now living in Wheaton and had no difficulty in finding open housing there for himself and his family.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Is this an isolated case or are there more cases like this?

Mr. BROOKS. They are coming up from day to day, sir. I happened to know that one particularly.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. We had quite an argument about that at the beginning. A lot of fears were expressed and commitments were made that this would be done.

How about your minority group businessmen? Is there a business center there at the accelerator?

Mr. BROOKS. No, sir; not as such. Dr. Wilson's assistant is right here. I don't think the Laboratory has had any trouble getting open housing commitments.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Mr. Getz.

STATEMENT OF DONALD R. GETZ, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR, NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY

Mr. GETZ. Let me speak first to the point of the open housing, sir. We can provide for the record a list of the communities that have passed open housing ordinances or resolutions since the time the accelerator was located in that area. I don't have the exact number. It takes some effort but we are locating people in the area. Again, I don't

have the exact number, but of the 22 young blacks in this program that we mentioned 18 have now located in the suburbs in the general area of the accelerator. So it is happening. We are having some successes in this.

As I said, we can provide exactly the communities that passed open housing ordinances since the accelerator located there.

(The information referred to follows:)

The following cities, towns and villages in northern Illinois have passed Fair Housing Ordinances since the Illinois site was selected for the 200 BeV accelerator.1

(Information obtained from Illinois Commission on Human Relations)

154 total, of which 35 are within 30 miles of the Laboratory site.

Mr. GETZ. To the point of black business, we have been very active in gathering together lists of black small businesses both in the area and throughout the country. We use these lists ourselves in soliciting bids and proposals for our work. We also provide them to our subcontractors and contractors throughout the country which are fabricating components of the accelerator.

We provide these lists of black business people to them and suggest that they get in touch with them about supplying subcomponents or components for the fabrication of parts.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Do you have any record of followthrough as to what happened?

Mr. GETZ. Yes; we do.

There has been some considerable activity here. We are pleased that in fact very often the companies are happy to have such a list. The pressure seems to be felt and it is a good pressure and there have been successes.

Dr. MCDANIEL. I have a note here from Mr. Goldwasser, Deputy Director of the Laboratory:

This effort has been most successful where contracts below $10,000 are involved. Approximately 40 percent of such contracts for work in the old village of Weston awarded in the past 6 months have gone to black contractors.

200-BEV ACCELERATOR-ESTIMATED FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Very fine. Now if this were not a stringent budget year, what amount would you like to see in the 1971 budget for construction of the 200-Bev accelerator?

Dr. MCDANIEL. $112 million, sir. Last year, I was requesting $102 million and I got $70 million. This year, I needed $112 million and I got $65 million in the budget.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. It looks like the more you request, the less you get.

Dr. MCDANIEL. This is a serious situation with respect to the laboratory. Obviously, the completion of a project as large and as complex as this, it is important to get on with the job. We believe that we can get the beam out by June 1972 in accordance with these budget figures. However, we are having to defer a large amount of the other projects which will utilize the beam.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. Now, are the funds being requested for research and development and equipment for this project reasonably in balance with the construction schedule?

Dr. MCDANIEL. Considering all the fiscal stringencies on us, the answer to the question is "Yes." We could use more money in the operating and equipment end and it is certainly less than we originally deemed necessary.

On balance, we believe that this will provide the necessary R. & D. for the machine's construction and to get ready for using the machine. On balance, we think these are the right figures.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. As I look at the figures, I see you're $79 million behind for the 2 years, according to your request.

Is this going to save you any money or is it going to cost you more because you are going to have to stretch it out?

Dr. MCDANIEL. Generally, it costs more on a construction project the later you complete something. The longer you stretch it out, the general experience has been that the construction costs go up. For example, you have to keep more people on the payroll in order to design. The longer you stretch something out, the general rule is, the more it costs.

Of course, if you try to speed it up too much it becomes too costly. We certainly cannot be criticized for trying to speed this project up too much.

My own judgment is that it will cost the Government more in the long run because of the necessity now to curtail expenses.

Chairman HOLIFIELD. As I remember the testimony last year, it would cost us $30 million a year for each year's delay.

Dr. MCDANIEL. Last year in trying to assess the effect of reducing the expenditures from our original request to $64 million we estimated that a stretchout would cost about $30 million. That was at the time the House and Senate were in disagreement over the total amount. There was a compromise between the House and the Senate. and some money was restored to our budget.