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recording equipment. A copy of the record of such proceeding shall be made available at the expense of the United States to a person who makes affidavit that he is unable to pay or give security therefor, and the expense of such copy shall be paid by the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts."

(b) The item relating to section 3060 contained in the section analysis of chapter 203, title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

"3060. Preliminary examination."

TITLE IV—TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

APPOINTMENT OF MAGISTRATES

SEC. 401. (a) No individual may serve as a United States commissioner within any judicial district after the date on which a United States magistrate assumes office in such judicial district.

82 STAT. 1118

(b) An individual serving as a United States commissioner within any judicial district on the date of enactment of this Act who is a member in good standing of the bar of the highest court of any State may be appointed to the office of United States magistrate for an initial term, and may be reappointed to such office for successive terms, notwithstanding his failure to meet the bar membership qualification imposed by section 631 (b) (1) of chapter 43, title 28, United States Code: Provided, however, That any appointment or reappointment of Ante, p. 1108. such an individual must be by unanimous vote of all the judges of the appointing district court or courts.

APPLICABLE LAW

SEC. 402. (a) All provisions of law relating to the powers, duties, jurisdiction, functions, service, compensation, and facilities of United States commissioners, as such provisions existed on the day preceding the date of enactment of this Act, shall continue in effect in each judicial district until but not on or after (1) the date on which the first United States magistrate assumes office within such judicial district pursuant to section 631 of chapter 43, title 28, United States Code, as amended by this Act, or (2) the third anniversary of the date of enactment of this Act, whichever date is earlier.

(b) On and after the date on which the first United States magistrate assumes office within any judicial district pursuant to section 631 of chapter 43, title 28, United States Code, as amended by this Act, or the third anniversary of the date of enactment of this Act, whichever date is earlier

(1) the provisions of chapter 43, title 28, United States Code, as amended by this Act, shall be effective within such judicial district except as otherwise specifically provided by section 401 (b) of this title; and

(2) within such judicial district every reference to a United States commissioner contained in any previously enacted statute of the United States (other than sections 8331 (1) (E), 8332(i), 8701 (a) (7), and 8901 (1) (G) of title 5), any previously promul- 80 Stat. 565. gated rule of any court of the United States, or any previously promulgated regulation of any executive department or agency

82 STAT. 1119

Ante, p. 1108.

States magistrate duly appointed under section 631 of chapter 43, title 28, United States Code, as amended by this Act. (c) The administrative powers and duties of the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts with respect to United States commissioners under the provisions of chapter 41, title 62 Stat. 913. 28, United States Code, as such provisions existed on the day preceding the date of enactment of this Act, shall continue in effect until no United States commissioner remains in service.

28 USC 601

et seq.

EFFECTIVE DATE

SEC. 403. Except as otherwise provided by sections 401 and 402 of this title, this Act shall take effect on the date of its enactment.

TITLE V-SEVERABILITY

SEC. 501. If any provision of this Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the Act and of its application to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected.

Approved October 17, 1968.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY:

HOUSE REPORT No. 1629 (Comm. on the Judiciary).
SENATE REPORT No. 371 (Comm. on the Judiciary).

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:

Vol. 113 (1967): June 29, considered and passed Senate.

Vol. 114 (1968): Sept. 18, 26 considered and passed House, amended.

90th Congress, H. R. 1411
October 17, 1968

An Act

To amend title 39, United States Code, with respect to use of the mails to obtain money or property under false representations, and for other purposes.

82 STAT, 1153

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section 4005 74 Stat. 654. of title 39, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: "84005. False representations; lotteries

"(a) Upon evidence satisfactory to the Postmaster General that any person is engaged in conducting a scheme or device for obtaining money or property through the mail by means of false representations, or is engaged in conducting a lottery, gift enterprise, or scheme for the distribution of money or of real or personal property, by lottery, chance, or drawing of any kind, the Postmaster General may issue an order which

"(1) directs any postmaster at an office at which registered or certified letters or other letters or mail arrive, addressed to such a person or to his representative, to return such letters or mail to the sender appropriately marked as in violation of this section, if such person, or his representative, is first notified and given reasonable opportunity to be present at the receiving post office to survey such letters or mail before the postmaster returns such letters or mail to the sender; and

"(2) forbids the payment by a postmaster to such a person or his representative of any money order or postal note drawn to the order of either and provide for the return to the remitters of the sum named in the money order or postal note. "(b) The public advertisement by a person engaged in activities covered by subsection (a) of this section, that remittances may be made by mail to a person named in the advertisement, is prima facie evidence that the latter is the agent or representative of the advertiser for the receipt of remittances on behalf of the advertiser. The Postmaster General is not precluded from ascertaining the existence of the agency in any other legal way satisfactory to him.

"(c) As used in this section and section 4006 of this title the term representative' includes an agent or representative acting as an "Representative." individual or as a firm, bank, corporation, or association of any kind.".

SEC. 2. The table of contents of chapter 51 of title 39, United States Code, is amended by striking out—

"4005. Fraudulent and lottery mail matter." and inserting in lieu thereof

"4005. False representations; lotteries.".

Approved October 17, 1968.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY:

HOUSE REPORT No. 235 (Comm. on Post Office & Civil Service).
SENATE REPORT No. 886 (Comm. on Post Office & Civil Service).
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:

Vol. 113 (1967): Oct. 3, 4, considered and passed House.

Deo. 11, considered and passed Senate, amended. Vol. 114 (1968): Oct. 4, Senate receded from its amendments.

90th Congress, H. R. 17735
October 22, 1968

An Act

To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide for better control of the interstate traffic in firearms.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the

United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may Gun Control be cited as the "Gun Control Act of 1968".

TITLE I-STATE FIREARMS CONTROL ASSISTANCE

PURPOSE

Act of 1968.

SEC. 101. The Congress hereby declares that the purpose of this title is to provide support to Federal, State, and local law enforcement officials in their fight against crime and violence, and it is not the purpose of this title to place any undue or unnecessary Federal restrictions or burdens on law-abiding citizens with respect to the acquisi- 82 STAT, 1213 tion, possession, or use of firearms appropriate to the purpose of 82 STAT. 1214 hunting, trapshooting, target shooting, personal protection, or any other lawful activity, and that this title is not intended to discourage or eliminate the private ownership or use of firearms by law-abiding citizens for lawful purposes, or provide for the imposition by Federal regulations of any procedures or requirements other than those reasonably necessary to implement and effectuate the provisions of this

title.

SEC. 102. Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended Ante, p. 226. to read as follows:

"Sec.

"921. Definitions.

"922. Unlawful acts.

"923. Licensing.

"924. Penalties.

"Chapter 44.-FIREARMS

"925. Exceptions: Relief from disabilities.

"926. Rules and regulations.

"927. Effect on State law.

"928. Separability clause.

"8 921. Definitions

"(a) As used in this chapter

"(1) The term 'person' and the term 'whoever' include any individual, corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, society, or joint stock company.

(2) The term 'interstate or foreign commerce' includes commerce between any place in a State and any place outside of that State, or within any possession of the United States (not including the Canal Zone) or the District of Columbia, but such term does not include commerce between places within the same State but through any place outside of that State. The term 'State' includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the possessions of the United States (not including the Canal Zone).

"(3) The term 'firearm' means (A) any weapon (including a starter gun) which will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive; (B) the frame or receiver of any such weapon; (C) any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; or (D) any destructive device. Such term does not include an antique firearm.

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