To be worked within the first quarter of the term specified. A certificate from the local administration to be sent to the respective ministry within six months of the working. No company to work patents without special grant of the Government.

393. ASSIGNMENTS.-To be reported to the respective department to which the patent belongs and published, 394. SPECIFICATIONS, INSPECTION AND COPIES OF.-At the respective ministry.

395. LISTS OF PATENTS DELIVERED.-In the Moscow and St. Petersburg papers.

396. SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED.-In the journal of the respective ministry, in the reports of the Senate, and the Moscow and St. Petersburg papers.

397. PROCEEDINGS TO OBTAIN A PATENT.-Applicants may apply personally, or through an agent authorized by power of attorney. Such agent is to undertake to pay the tax in case the privilege be granted.

Petitions for patents are examined by the Board of Industry, to ascertain whether a previous patent had not been granted for the same object; whether the description be full, clear, and exact; whether any public benefit be derivable from the invention; whether it contain anything injurious to human health and safety.

The invention being found free from these objections, the patent may be issued.

When two parties apply for a patent for the same invention, neither can obtain it without establishing by decree of a court of law his prior right.

When patents are refused the tax is refunded.

16*

398. LAW, DATE, AND WHERE RECORDED.-Royal decree of 20th January, 1853. (See Commissioners of Patents' Journal, vide supra 71, No. 236.

399. KINDS OF PATENTS.-Patents for new or unpublished (abroad or in Germany) inventions and improvements granted to natives, naturalized citizens of the German States, or foreigners residing or represented in Saxony. Drugs, food, and scientific principles excluded. Patent articles, other than machines or manufacturing tools, may be imported, used, and sold by third parties. 400. PREVIOUS EXAMINATION. - Technical examination.

401. DURATION.-Five years; extended to ten years by applying four weeks at the latest before the expiration of the original term.

402. GOVERNMENT FEES, STAMPS, AND TAXES.-£3 10s. for five years. £7 10s. on applying for extension to ten years. £1 4s. for technical examination on applying for patent. 12s. on applying for extension of time for working, besides the usual stamp duty (on papers.)

403. DOCUMENTS REQUIRED, AND WHERE TO BE LEFT.An application to the Minister of the Interior; a speci

fication and drawings or models, (all papers stamped;) the cost of technical examination.

404. WORKING AND EXTENSION.-Within one year from the date of grant; subject to trade regulations. Term extended, on showing good cause for delay, by applying to the Minister of the Interior four weeks at the latest before the expiration of the year.

405. ASSIGNMENTS.-To natives or naturalized citizens of Saxony or other German States.

406. ANNULMENT.-By the Minister of the Interior. For want of novelty, (partly or entirely;) false statement as to nationality, or being the original inventor or his assignee; defective specification; for not being worked in due time.

407. LISTS OF PATENTS DELIVERED.-In the Leipzig Gazette and in the Commissioners of Patents' Journal.

408. SPECIFICATIONS.-Published in the Polytechnische Centralblatt and other technical periodicals. Originals kept at the Ministry of the Interior.

409. PROCEEDINGS TO OBTAIN A PATENT.-Applications for the grant or extension of a patent must be made in writing, addressed to the Minister of the Interior, accompanied by a specification and drawings or models so distinct that any skilled person may work the invention by such instruction. The novel points must be clearly indicated. The tax No. 1 is to be paid at the same time. The applicant will then learn whether the application can be granted and when he is to pay the tax No. 2. The payment is immediately followed by the announcement of the grant of the patent.

410. LAW, DATE, AND WHERE RECORDED.-Royal decree of 27th March, 1826, 14th June, 1829, 23d December, 1829. (See Commissioners of Patents' Journal, vide supra 71, No. 323.)

411. KINDS OF PATENTS.-Patents for inventions and importations to natives and foreigners.

412. PREVIOUS EXAMINATION.-None as to novelty or utility.

413. DURATION.-Five, ten, or fifteen years for patents of invention; five years for patents of importation, prolonged to ten years. To begin from the date of the patent.

414. GOVERNMENT FEES.-1,000 reis for five years; 3,000 reis for ten years; 6,000 reis for fifteen years; 3,000 reis for patents of importation for five years, besides 80 reis on the delivery of the patent in addition to the above sums. (1 real=5d.).

415. DOCUMENTS REQUIRED, AND WHERE TO BE Left.— An application of inventor or his attorney to the Queen; a description and plan of model, (sealed,) with an annexed memorandum pointing out the chief claims of the inventor.

416. WORKING AND EXTENSION.-To be worked within and not to be interrupted for one year and one day.

417. INFRINGEMENTS.-Punishable by confiscation of machines, utensils, apparatus, and manufactured goods, and by a fine of three times their value, for the benefit of the patentee.

418. ASSIGNMENTS.-Registered at the Royal Conservatory of Arts within thirty days of date.

419. SPECIFICATIONS, INSPECTION AND COPIES OF.-Open to the public at the Royal Conservatory at the expiration of the patent.

420. LIST OF PATENTS DELIVERED.-In the Madrid Gazette; in a public register at the Conservatory of Arts. 421. ORIGINALS OF SPECIFICATIONS, (MODELS.)-At the Royal Conservatory of Arts.

422. PROCEEDINGS TO OBTAIN A PATENT.-Patents must be solicited by the applicant or his agent by means of a memorial (in Spanish) in the following form:

To the Governor of the Province of

N.

domiciled [or residing] at

, [state profession], begs respectfully to state, that for the purpose of securing the property of a machine [instrument, apparatus, process, method] invented [imported] by him for [state object], and conformably to the royal regulations, he presents to you the required memorial for his Majesty, and a closed and sealed packet, [or case,] and the following inscription [copy of inscription.]

I

request you to sign the said packet [or case], to deliver the proper certificate to me, and to let me have the required official letter to his excellency the Secretary of State and of the Exchequer, that I may deliver the whole into his hands, according to the regulations.

[Address and date.]

[Signature.]

This memorial is to be accompanied by a petition to the King, on stamped paper, mentioning the object of the patent, whether original or imported, and its dura