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were unified, effective July 1, 1966, see rule 1 and Supplemental Rules for Certain Admiralty and Maritime Claims, Title 28, Appendix, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

CROSS REFERENCES

Forfeitures and seizures

Jurisdiction, see sections 1333, 1355, and 1356 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. Proceedings, see section 2461 of Title 28.

§ 1084. Transmission of wagering information; penalties

(a) Whoever being engaged in the business of betting or wagering knowingly uses a wire communication facility for the transmission in interstate or foreign commerce of bets or wagers or information assisting in the placing of bets or wagers on any sporting event or contest, or for the transmission of a wire communication which entitles the recipient to receive money or credit as a result of bets or wagers, or for information assisting in the placing of bets or wagers, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the transmission in interstate or foreign commerce of information for use in news reporting of sporting events or contests, or for the transmission of information assisting in the placing of bets or wagers on a sporting event or contest from a State or foreign country where betting on that sporting event or contest is legal into a State or foreign country in which such betting is legal.

(c) Nothing contained in this section shall create immunity from criminal prosecution under any laws of any State.

(d) When any common carrier, subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission, is notified in writing by a Federal, State, or local law enforcement agency, acting within its jurisdiction, that any facility furnished by it is being used or will be used for the purpose of transmitting or receiving gambling information in interstate or foreign commerce in violation of Federal, State or local law, it shall discontinue or refuse, the leasing, furnishing, or maintaining of such facility, after reasonable notice to the subscriber, but no damages, penalty or forfeiture, civil or criminal, shall be found against any common carrier for any act done in compliance with any notice received from a law enforcement agency. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prejudice the right of any person affected thereby to secure an appropriate determination, as otherwise provided by law, in a Federal court or in a State or local tribunal or agency, that such facility should not be discontinued or removed, or should be restored.

(e) As used in this section, the term "State" means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or possession of the United States.

(Added Pub. L. 87-216, § 2, Sept. 13, 1961, 75 Stat. 491, and amended Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, § 7024, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4397.)

AMENDMENTS

1988-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100-690, § 7024(a), inserted "or foreign country" after "State" in two places. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100-690, § 7024(b)(2), struck out ", Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, territory, possession, or the District of Columbia" after "State". Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100-690, § 7024(b)(1), added subsec. (e).

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(a) BASIC OFFENSE.-Whoever, whether in time of peace or in time of war, in a circumstance described in subsection (d) and with the specific intent to destroy, in whole or in substantial part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group as such

(1) kills members of that group;

(2) causes serious bodily injury to members of that group;

(3) causes the permanent impairment of the mental faculties of members of the group through drugs, torture, or similar techniques;

(4) subjects the group to conditions of life that are intended to cause the physical destruction of the group in whole or in part;

(5) imposes measures intended to prevent births within the group; or

(6) transfers by force children of the group to another group;

or attempts to do so, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).

(b) PUNISHMENT FOR BASIC OFFENSE.-The punishment for an offense under subsection (a)

is

(1) in the case of an offense under subsection (a)(1), a fine of not more than $1,000,000 and imprisonment for life; and

(2) a fine of not more than $1,000,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both, in any other case.

(c) INCITEMENT OFFENSE.-Whoever in a circumstance described in subsection (d) directly and publicly incites another to violate subsection (a) shall be fined not more than $500,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.

(d) REQUIRED CIRCUMSTANCE FOR OFFENSES.The circumstance referred to in subsections (a) and (c) is that

(1) the offense is committed within the United States; or

(2) the alleged offender is a national of the United States (as defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101)).

(e) NONAPPLICABILITY OF CERTAIN LIMITATIONS.-Notwithstanding section 3282 of this title, in the case of an offense under subsection (a)(1), an indictment may be found, or information instituted, at any time without limitation. (Added Pub. L. 100-606, § 2(a), Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3045.)

SHORT TITLE

Section 1 of Pub. L. 100-606 provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'Genocide Convention Implementation Act of 1987 (the Proxmire Act)'."

§ 1092. Exclusive remedies

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as precluding the application of State or local laws to the conduct proscribed by this chapter, nor shall anything in this chapter be construed as creating any substantive or procedural right enforceable by law by any party in any proceeding.

(Added Pub. L. 100–606, § 2(a), Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3046.)

§ 1093. Definitions

As used in this chapter

(1) the term "children" means the plural and means individuals who have not attained the age of eighteen years;

(2) the term "ethnic group" means a set of individuals whose identity as such is distinctive in terms of common cultural traditions or heritage;

(3) the term "incites" means urges another to engage imminently in conduct in circumstances under which there is a substantial likelihood of imminently causing such conduct;

(4) the term "members" means the plural; (5) the term "national group" means a set of individuals whose identity as such is distinctive in terms of nationality or national origins;

(6) the term "racial group" means a set of individuals whose identity as such is distinctive in terms of physical characteristics or biological descent;

(7) the term "religious group" means a set of individuals whose identity as such is distinctive in terms of common religious creed, beliefs, doctrines, practices, or rituals; and

(8) the term "substantial part" means a part of a group of such numerical significance that the destruction or loss of that part would cause the destruction of the group as a viable entity within the nation of which such group is a part.

(Added Pub. L. 100-606, § 2(a), Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3046.)

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(a) Murder is the unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought. Every murder perpetrated by poison, lying in wait, or any other kind of willful, deliberate, malicious, and premeditated killing; or committed in the perpetration of, or attempt to perpetrate, any arson, escape, murder, kidnapping, treason, espionage, sabotage, aggravated sexual abuse or sexual abuse, burglary, or robbery; or perpetrated from a premeditated design unlawfully and maliciously to effect the death of any human being other than him who is killed, is murder in the first degree.

Any other murder is murder in the second degree.

(b) Within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States,

Whoever is guilty of murder in the first degree, shall suffer death unless the jury qualifies its verdict by adding thereto "without capital punishment", in which event he shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life;

Whoever is guilty of murder in the second degree, shall be imprisoned for any term of years or for life.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 756; Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98-473, title II, § 1004, 98 Stat. 2138; Nov. 10, 1986, Pub. L. 99-646, § 87(c)(4), 100 Stat. 3623; Nov. 14, 1986, Pub. L. 99-654, § 3(a)(4), 100 Stat. 3663; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, § 7025, 102 Stat. 4397.)

HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 452, 454, 567 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, §§ 273, 275, 330, 35 Stat. 1143, 1152).

Section consolidates the punishment provision of sections 454 and 567 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with section 452 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed.

The provision of said section 454 for the death penalty for first degree murder was consolidated with section 567 of said title 18, by adding the words "unless the jury qualifies its verdict by adding thereto 'without capital punishment' in which event he shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life".

The punishment for second degree murder was changed and the phrase "for any term of years or for life" was substituted for the words "not less than ten years and may be imprisoned for life". This change conforms to a uniform policy of omitting the minimum punishment.

Said section 567 was not included in section 2031 of this title since the rewritten punishment provision for rape removes the necessity for a qualified verdict.

The special maritime and territorial jurisdiction provision was added in view of definitive section 7 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1988-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100-690 inserted a comma after "arson".

1986-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99-646 and Pub. L. 99-654 amended subsec. (a) identically, substituting "aggravated sexual abuse or sexual abuse" for ", rape".

1984-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98-473 inserted "escape, murder, kidnapping, treason, espionage, sabotage," after "arson".

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENTS

Amendments by Pub. L. 99-646 and Pub. L. 99-654 effective respectively 30 days after Nov. 10, 1986, and 30 days after Nov. 14, 1986, see section 87(e) of Pub. L. 99-646 and section 4 of Pub. L. 99-654, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2241 of this title.

CROSS REFERENCES

Actions aboard aircraft in flight in violation of this section punishable as provided herein, see section 1472 of Title 49, Appendix, Transportation.

Assault with intent to murder, see section 113 of this title.

Bank robbery, murder in committing, see section 2113 of this title.

High seas, citizen committing murder as pirate, see section 1652 of this title.

Indian country

Jurisdiction of offenses committed by Indians, see section 3242 of this title.

Law governing offenses, see section 1153 of this title.

Limitations, capital offenses, see section 3281 of this

title.

Mailing matter of character tending to incite murder, see section 1461 of this title.

Railroads, entering train to commit murder, see section 1991 of this title.

Sentences, see section 3551 of this title.
Venue, see section 3236 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 115, 351, 1114, 1116, 1117, 1512, 1751, 2331 of this title; title 7 section 2146; title 15 section 1825; title 21 sections 461, 675, 1041; title 42 section 2283; title 49 App. section 1472.

§ 1112. Manslaughter

(a) Manslaughter is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice. It is of two kinds: Voluntary-Upon a sudden quarrel or heat of

passion.

Involuntary-In the commission of an unlawful act not amounting to a felony, or in the commission in an unlawful manner, or without due caution and circumspection, of a lawful act which might produce death.

(b) Within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States,

Whoever is guilty of voluntary manslaughter, shall be imprisoned not more than ten years; Whoever is guilty of involuntary manslaughter, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 756.)

HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 453, 454 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, §§ 274, 275, 35 Stat. 1143).

Section consolidates punishment provisions of sections 453 and 454 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed.

The special maritime and territorial jurisdiction provision was added in view of definitive section 7 this title.

Minor changes were made in phraseology.

CROSS REFERENCES

Actions aboard aircraft in flight in violation of this section punishable as provided herein, see section 1472 of Title 49, Appendix, Transportation. Indian country

Jurisdiction of offenses committed by Indians, see section 3242 of this title.

Law governing offenses, see section 1153 of this title.

Venue, see section 3236 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 351, 1114, 1116, 1512, 1751, 2331 of this title; title 15 section 1825; title 21 section 1041; title 42 section 2283; title 49 App. sec. tion 1472.

§ 1113. Attempt to commit murder or manslaughter

Except as provided in section 113 of this title, whoever, within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, attempts to commit murder or manslaughter, shall, for an attempt to commit murder be imprisoned not more than twenty years or fined under this title, or both, and for an attempt to commit manslaughter be imprisoned not more than three years or fined under this title, or both..1

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 756; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, § 7058(c), 102 Stat. 4403.)

HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 456 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 277, 35 Stat. 1143).

Words "within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States" were added in view of definitive section 7 of this title, and section was rearranged to more clearly express intent of existing law.

Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.

AMENDMENTS

1988-Pub. L. 100-690 substituted "shall, for an attempt to commit murder be imprisoned not more than twenty years or fined under this title, or both, and for an attempt to commit manslaughter be imprisoned not more than three years or fined under this title, or both." for "shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both".

CROSS REFERENCES

Actions aboard aircraft in flight in violation of this section punishable as provided herein, see section 1472 of Title 49, Appendix, Transportation.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 115, 1116 of this title; title 49 App. section 1472.

§ 1114. Protection of officers and employees of the United States

Whoever kills or attempts to kill any judge of the United States, any United States Attorney, any Assistant United States Attorney, or any

'So in original.

United States marshal or deputy marshal or person employed to assist such marshal or deputy marshal, any officer or employee of the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the Department of Justice, any officer or employee of the Postal Service, any officer or employee of the secret service 2 or of the Drug Enforcement Administration, any officer or member of the United States Capitol Police, any member of the Coast Guard, any employee of the Coast Guard assigned to perform investigative, inspection or law enforcement functions, any officer or employee of any United States penal or correctional institution, any officer, employee or agent of the customs or of the internal revenue or any person assisting him in the execution of his duties, any immigration officer, any officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or of the Department of the Interior designated by the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of the Interior to enforce any Act of Congress for the protection, preservation, or restoration of game and other wild birds and animals, any employee of the Department of Agriculture designated by the Secretary of Agriculture to carry out any law or regulation, or to perform any function in connection with any Federal or State program or any program of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United States, or the District of Columbia, for the control or eradication or prevention of the introduction or dissemination of animal diseases, any officer or employee of the National Park Service, any civilian official or employee of the Army Corps of Engineers assigned to perform investigations, inspections, law or regulatory enforcement functions, or field-level real estate functions, any officer or employee of, or assigned to duty in, the field service of the Bureau of Land Management, or any officer or employee of the Indian field service of the United States, or any officer or employee of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration directed to guard and protect property of the United States under the administration and control of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, any security officer of the Department of State or the Foreign Service, or any officer or employee of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Interstate Commerce Commission, the Department of Commerce, or of the Department of Labor or of the Department of the Interior or of the Department of Agriculture assigned to perform investigative, inspection, or law enforcement functions, or any officer or employee of the Federal Communications Commission performing investigative, inspection, or law enforcement functions, or any officer or employee of the Veterans' Administration assigned to perform investigative or law enforcement functions, or any United States probation or pretrial services officer, or any United States magistrate, or any officer or employee of any department or agency within the Intelligence Community (as defined in section 3.4(F) of Executive Order 12333, December 8, 1981, or successor orders) not already covered under the terms of this sec

2 So in original. Probably should be "Secret Service".

tion, any attorney, liquidator, examiner, claim agent, or other employee of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, any Federal Reserve bank, or the National Credit Union Administration, or any other officer, agency, or employee of the United States designated for coverage under this section in regulations issued by the Attorney General engaged in or on account of the performance of his official duties, or any officer or employee of the United States or any agency thereof designated to collect or compromise a Federal claim in accordance with sections 3711 and 3716-3718 of title 31 or other statutory authority shall be punished as provided under sections 1111 and 1112 of this title, except that any such person who is found guilty of attempted murder shall be imprisoned for not more than twenty years.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 756; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 24, 63 Stat. 93; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 28, 65 Stat. 721; June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV, § 402(c), 66 Stat. 276; July 29, 1958, Pub. L. 85-568, title III, § 304(d), 72 Stat. 434; July 2, 1962, Pub. L. 87-518, § 10, 76 Stat. 132; Aug. 27, 1964, Pub. L. 88-493, § 3, 78 Stat. 610; July 15, 1965, Pub. L. 89-74, § 8(b), 79 Stat. 234; Aug. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90-449, § 2, 82 Stat. 611; Aug. 12, 1970, Pub. L. 91-375, § 6(j)(9), 84 Stat. 777; Oct. 27, 1970, Pub. L. 91-513, title II, § 701(i)(1), 84 Stat. 1282; Dec. 29, 1970, Pub. L. 91-596, § 17(h)(1), 84 Stat. 1607; Oct. 26, 1974, Pub. L. 93-481, § 5, 88 Stat. 1456; May 11, 1976, Pub. L. 94-284, § 18, 90 Stat. 514; Oct. 21, 1976, Pub. L. 94-582, § 16, 90 Stat. 2883; Aug. 3, 1977, Pub. L. 95-87, title VII, § 704, 91 Stat. 520; Nov. 8, 1978, Pub. L. 95-616, § 3(j)(2), 92 Stat. 3112; Nov. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95-630, title III, § 307, 92 Stat. 3677; July 1, 1980, Pub. L. 96-296, § 26(c), 94 Stat. 819; Oct. 17, 1980, Pub. L. 96-466, title VII, § 704, 94 Stat. 2216; Dec. 29, 1981, Pub. L. 97-143, § 1(b), 95 Stat. 1724; Sept. 13, 1982, Pub. L. 97-259, title I, § 128, 96 Stat. 1099; Oct. 25, 1982, Pub. L. 97-365, § 6, 96 Stat. 1752; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97-452, § 2(b), 96 Stat. 2478; July 30, 1983, Pub. L. 98-63, title I, § 101, 97 Stat. 313; Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98-473, title II, § 1012, 98 Stat. 2142; Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98-557, § 17(c), 98 Stat. 2868; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, § 7026, 102 Stat. 4397.)

HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
1948 ACT

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 253 (May 18, 1934, ch. 299, § 1, 48 Stat. 780; Feb. 8, 1936, ch. 40, 49 Stat. 1105; June 26, 1936, ch. 830, title I, § 3, 49 Stat. 1940; Reorg. Plan No. II, § 4(f), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2731, 53 Stat. 1433; June 13, 1940, ch. 359, 54 Stat. 391).

The section was extended to include United States judges, attorneys and their assistants, and officers of Federal, penal and correctional institutions in view of the obvious desirability of such protective legislation. Employees of the Bureau of Animal Industry have been included in this section to complete the revision of section 118 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., which was consolidated with the assault provisions of section 254 of said title 18 and is now section 111 of this title.

There seemed no sound reason for including such officers in the protection against assaults but excluding them from the homicide sections.

For like reasons the section was broadened to include officers or employees of the Secret Service or of the Bureau of Narcotics.

Changes in phraseology were made.

1949 ACT

This section [section 24] amends section 1114 of title 18, U.S.C., to conform more closely with the original statute from which it was derived.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Executive Order 12333, referred to in text, is set out under section 401 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

CODIFICATION

Section 704 of Pub. L. 95-87, in addition to amending this section, enacted section 1294 of Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining.

AMENDMENTS

1988-Pub. L. 100-690 struck out second comma after "terms of this section".

1984-Pub. L. 98-557 substituted reference to Coast Guard member, and Coast Guard employee assigned to perform investigative, inspection or law enforcement functions, for reference to any officer or enlisted man of the Coast Guard.

Pub. L. 98-473 inserted "or attempts to kill" after "Whoever kills", substituted "or any United States probation or pretrial services officer, or any United States magistrate, or any officer or employee of any department or agency within the Intelligence Community (as defined in section 3.4(F) of Executive Order 12333, December 8, 1981, or successor orders) not already covered under the terms of this section," for "while engaged in the performance of his official duties or on account of the performance of his official duties", inserted ", or any other officer, agency, or employee of the United States designated for coverage under this section in regulations issued by the Attorney General", and inserted ", except that any such person who is found guilty of attempted murder shall be imprisoned for not more than twenty years".

1983-Pub. L. 98-63 inserted "any civilian official or employee of the Army Corps of Engineers assigned to perform investigations, inspections, law or regulatory enforcement functions, or field-level real estate functions," after "National Park Service,".

1983-Pub. L. 97-452 substituted "sections 3711 and 3716-3718 of title 31" for "the Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966 (31 U.S.C. 951 et seq.)".

1982-Pub. L. 97-365 struck out "or" before "any attorney, liquidator, examiner, claim agent" and inserted", or any officer or employee of the United States or any agency thereof designated to collect or compromise a Federal claim in accordance with the Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966 (31 U.S.C. 951 et seq.) or other statutory authority" before "shall be punished". Pub. L. 97-259 inserted "or any officer or employee of the Federal Communications Commission performing investigative, inspection, or law enforcement functions," after "or law enforcement functions,".

or

1981-Pub. L. 97-143 inserted "any officer member of the United States Capitol Police," after "Drug Enforcement Administration,".

1980-Pub. L. 96-466 inserted "or any officer or employee of the Veterans' Administration assigned to perform investigative or law enforcement functions," after "of the Department of Agriculture assigned to perform investigative, inspection, or law enforcement functions,".

Pub. L. 96-296 inserted "Interstate Commerce Commission," after "Consumer Product Safety Commission,".

1978-Pub. L. 95-630 inserted "or any attorney, liquidator, examiner, claim agent, or other employee of the

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, any Federal Reserve bank, or the National Credit Union Administration engaged in or on account of the performance of his official duties" before "shall be punished".

Pub. L. 95-616 inserted "the Department of Commerce,".

1977-Pub. L. 95-87 inserted "or of the Department of the Interior" after "or of the Department of Labor".

1976-Pub. L. 94-582 struck out "any employee of the Bureau of Animal Industry of the Department of Agriculture," after "the field service of the Bureau of Land Management," and inserted "or of the Department of Agriculture" after "or of the Department of Labor".

Pub. L. 94-284 inserted ", the Consumer Product Safety Commission," after "Department of Health, Education, and Welfare".

1974-Pub. L. 93-481 substituted "Drug Enforcement Administration" for "Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs".

1970-Pub. L. 91-596 substituted "or of the Department of Labor assigned to perform investigative, inspection, or law enforcement functions", for "designated by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to conduct investigations, or inspections under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act".

Pub. L. 91-513 substituted "Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs" for "Bureau of Narcotics".

Pub. L. 91-375 substituted "officer or employee of the Postal Service", for "postal inspector, any postmaster, officer, or employee in the field service of the Post Office Department" after "Department of Justice,".

1968-Pub. L. 90-449 substituted "any postal inspector, any postmaster, officer, or employee in the field service of the Post Office Department" for "any postoffice inspector".

1965-Pub. L. 89-74 included any officer or employee of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare designated by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to conduct investigations or inspections under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

1964-Pub. L. 88-493 inserted "or any security officer of the Department of State or the Foreign Service".

1962-Pub. L. 87-518 included employees of the Department of Agriculture performing any function connected with any Federal or State program, or program of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, or the District of Columbia, for control, eradication, or prevention of animal diseases.

1958-Pub. L. 85-568 included officers and employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

1952-Act June 27, 1952, substituted "any immigra tion officers" for "any immigrant inspector or any immigration patrol inspector".

1951-Act Oct. 31, 1951, substituted "the field service of the Bureau of Land Management” for “the field service of the Division of Grazing of the Department of the Interior".

1949-Act May 24, 1949, inserted "any officer, employee or agent of the customs or of the internal revenue or any person assisting him in the execution of his duties".

CHANGE OF NAME

Reference to Veterans' Administration deemed to refer to Department of Veterans Affairs pursuant to section 10 of Pub. L. 100-527, set out as a Department of Veterans Affairs Act note under section 201 of Title 38, Veterans' Benefits.

The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was redesignated the Department of Health and

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