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(c) to study any other problems concerning the international protection of copyright, in co-operation with the various interested international organizations, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Organization of American States;

(d) to inform States party to the Universal Copyright Convention as to its activities.

2. The Committee shall consist of the representatives of eighteen States party to this Convention or only to the 1952 Convention.

3. The Committee shall be selected with due consideration to a fair balance of national interests on the basis of geographical location, population, languages and stage of development.

4. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Director-General of the World Intellectual Property Organization and the Secretary-General of the Organization of American States, or their representatives, may attend meetings of the Committee in an advisory capacity.

ARTICLE XII

The Intergovernmental Committee shall convene a conference for revision whenever it deems necessary, or at the request of at least ten States party to this Convention.

ARTICLE XIII

1. Any Contracting State may, at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession, or at any time thereafter, declare by notification addressed to the Director-General that this Convention shall apply to all or any of the countries or territories for the international relations of which it is responsible and this Convention shall thereupon apply to the countries or territories named in such notification after the expiration of the term of three months provided for in Article IX. In the absence of such notification, this Convention shall not apply to any such country or territory.

2. However, nothing in this Article shall be understood as implying the recognition or tacit acceptance by a Contracting State of the factual situation concerning a country or territory to which this Convention is made applicable by another Contracting State in accordance with the provisions of this Article.

ARTICLE XIV

1. Any Contracting State may denounce this Convention in its own name or on behalf of all or any of the countries or territories with respect to which a notification has been given under Article XIII. The denunciation shall be made by notification addressed to the Director-General. Such denunciation shall also constitute denunciation of the 1952 Convention.

2. Such denunciation shall operate only in respect of the State or of the country or territory on whose behalf it was made and shall not take effect until twelve months after the date of receipt of the notification.

ARTICLE XV

A dispute between two or more Contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, not settled by negotiation, shall, unless the States concerned agree on some other method of settlement, be brought before the International Court of Justice for determination by it.

ARTICLE XVI

1. This Convention shall be established in English, French, and Spanish. The three texts shall be signed and shall be equally authoritative.

2. Official texts of this Convention shall be established by the Director-General, after consultation with the governments concerned, in Arabic, German, Italian and Portuguese.

3. Any Contracting State or group of Contracting States shall be entitled to have established by the Director-General other texts in the language of its choice by arrangement with the Director-General.

4. All such texts shall be annexed to the signed texts of this Convention.

ARTICLE XVII

1. This Convention shall not in any way affect the provisions of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works or membership in the Union created by that Convention.

2. In application of the foregoing paragraph, a declaration has been annexed to the present Article. This declaration is an integral part of this Convention for the States bound by the Berne Convention on 1 January 1951, or which have or may become bound to it at a later date. The signature of this Convention by such States shall also constitute signature of the said declaration, and ratification, acceptance or accession by such States shall include the declaration, as well as this Convention.

ARTICLE XVIII

This Convention shall not abrogate multilateral or bilateral copyright conventions or arrangements that are or may be in effect exclusively between two or more American Republics. In the event of any difference either between the provisions of such existing conventions or arrangements and the provisions of this Convention, or between the provisions of this Convention and those of any new convention or arrangement which may be formulated between two or more American Republics after this Convention comes into force, the convention or arrangement most recently formulated shall prevail between the parties thereto. Rights in works acquired in any Contracting State under existing conventions or arrangements before the date this Convention comes into force in such State shall not be affected.

ARTICLE XIX

This Convention shall not abrogate multilateral or bilateral conventions or arrangements in effect between two or more Contracting States. In the event of any difference between the provisions of such existing conventions or arrangements and the provisions of this Convention, the provisions of this Convention shall prevail. Rights in works acquired in any Contracting State under existing conventions or arrangements before the date on which this Convention comes into force in such State shall not be affected. Nothing in this Article shall affect the provisions of Articles XVII and XVIII.

ARTICLE XX

Reservations to this Convention shall not be permit

ted.

ARTICLE XXI

1. The Director-General shall send duly certified copies of this Convention to the States interested and to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration by him.

2. He shall also inform all interested States of the ratifications, acceptances and accessions which have been deposited, the date on which this Convention comes into force, the notifications under this Convention and denunciations under Article XIV.

APPENDIX DECLARATION RELATING TO ARTICLE XVII

The States which are members of the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (hereinafter called "the Berne Union") and which are signatories to this Convention,

Desiring to reinforce their mutual relations on the basis of the said Union and to avoid any conflict which

might result from the coexistence of the Berne Con-
vention and the Universal Copyright Convention,

Recognizing the temporary need of some States to
adjust their level of copyright protection in accord-
ance with their stage of cultural, social and economic
development,

Have, by common agreement, accepted the terms of
the following declaration:

(a) Except as provided by paragraph (b), works
which, according to the Berne Convention, have as
their country of origin a country which has withdrawn
from the Berne Union after 1 January 1951, shall not
be protected by the Universal Copyright Convention
in the countries of the Berne Union;

(b) Where a Contracting State is regarded as a devel-
oping country in conformity with the established prac-
tice of the General Assembly of the United Nations,
and has deposited with the Director-General of the
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization, at the time of its withdrawal from the
Berne Union, a notification to the effect that it re-
gards itself as a developing country, the provisions of
paragraph (a) shall not be applicable as long as such
State may avail itself of the exceptions provided for
by this Convention in accordance with Article Vbis;

(c) The Universal Copyright Convention shall not be
applicable to the relationships among countries of the
Berne Union in so far as it relates to the protection of
works having as their country of origin, within the
meaning of the Berne Convention, a country of the
Berne Union.

RESOLUTION CONCERNING ARTICLE XI

The Conference for Revision of the Universal Copy-
right Convention,

Having considered the problems relating to the
Intergovernmental Committee provided for in Article
XI of this Convention, to which this resolution is an-
nexed,

Resolves that:

1. At its inception, the Committee shall include rep-
resentatives of the twelve States members of the
Intergovernmental Committee established under Arti-
cle XI of the 1952 Convention and the resolution an-
nexed to it, and, in addition, representatives of the fol-
lowing States: Algeria, Australia, Japan, Mexico, Sen-
egal and Yugoslavia.

2. Any States that are not party to the 1952 Conven-
tion and have not acceded to this Convention before
the first ordinary session of the Committee following
the entry into force of this Convention shall be re-
placed by other States to be selected by the Commit-
tee at its first ordinary session in conformity with the
provisions of Article XI (2) and (3).

3. As soon as this Convention comes into force the
Committee as provided for in paragraph 1 shall be
deemed to be constituted in accordance with Article
XI of this Convention.

4. A session of the Committee shall take place within
one year after the coming into force of this Conven-
tion; thereafter the Committee shall meet in ordinary
session at intervals of not more than two years.

5. The Committee shall elect its Chairman and two
Vice-Chairmen. It shall establish its Rules of Proce-
dure having regard to the following principles:

(a) The normal duration of the term of office of the
members represented on the Committee shall be six
years with one-third retiring every two years, it being
however, understood that, of the original terms of
office, one-third shall expire at the end of the Com-
mittee's second ordinary session which will follow the
entry into force of this Convention, a further third at
the end of its third ordinary session, and the remain-
ing third at the end of its fourth ordinary session.

(b) The rules governing the procedure whereby the
Committee shall fill vacancies, the order in which
terms of membership expire, eligibility for reelection,
and election procedures, shall be based upon a balanc-
ing of the needs for continuity of membership and ro-
tation of representation, as well as the considerations
set out in Article XI(3).

Expresses the wish that the United Nations Educa-
tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization provide its
Secretariat.

In faith whereof the undersigned, having deposited
their respective full powers, have signed this Conven-
tion.

Done at Paris, this twenty-fourth day of July 1971,
in a single copy.

PROTOCOL 1

ANNEXED TO THE UNIVERSAL COPYRIGHT CONVENTION
AS REVISED AT PARIS ON 24 JULY 1971 CONCERNING
THE APPLICATION OF THAT CONVENTION TO WORKS OF
STATELESS PERSONS AND REFUGEES

The States party hereto, being also party to the Uni-
versal Copyright Convention as revised at Paris on 24
July 1971 (hereinafter called "the 1971 Convention"),
Have accepted the following provisions:

1. Stateless persons and refugees who have their ha-
bitual residence in a State party to this Protocol shall,
for the purposes of the 1971 Convention, be assimilat-
ed to the nationals of that State.

2. (a) This Protocol shall be signed and shall be sub-
ject to ratification or acceptance, or may be acceded
to, as if the provisions of Article VIII of the 1971 Con-
vention applied hereto.

(b) This Protocol shall enter into force in respect of
each State, on the date of deposit of the instrument of
ratification, acceptance or accession of the State con-
cerned or on the date of entry into force of the 1971
Convention with respect to such State, whichever is
the later.

(c) On the entry into force of this Protocol in re-
spect of a State not party to Protocol 1 annexed to the
1952 Convention, the latter Protocol shall be deemed
to enter into force in respect of such State.

In faith whereof the undersigned, being duly au-
thorized thereto, have signed this Protocol.

Done at Paris this twenty-fourth day of July 1971, in
the English, French and Spanish languages, the three
texts being equally authoritative, in a single copy
which shall be deposited with the Director-General of
the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultur-
al Organization. The Director-General shall send cer-
tified copies to the signatory States, and to the Secre-
tary-General of the United Nations for registration.

PROTOCOL 2

THE

ANNEXED TO THE UNIVERSAL COPYRIGHT CONVENTION
AS REVISED AT PARIS ON 24 JULY 1971 CONCERNING
THE APPLICATION OF THAT CONVENTION ΤΟ
WORKS OF CERTAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
The States party hereto, being also party to the Uni-
versal Copyright Convention as revised at Paris on 24
July 1971 (hereinafter called "the 1971 Convention"),
Have accepted the following provisions:

1. (a) The protection provided for in Article II (1) of
the 1971 Convention shall apply to works published
for the first time by the United Nations, by the Spe-
cialized Agencies in relationship therewith, or by the
Organization of American States.

(b) Similarly, Article II (2) of the 1971 Convention
shall apply to the said organization or agencies.

2. (a) This Protocol shall be signed and shall be sub-
ject to ratification or acceptance, or may be acceded
to, as if the provisions of Article VIII of the 1971 Con-
vention applied hereto.

(b) This Protocol shall enter into force for each
State on the date of deposit of the instrument of rati-
fication, acceptance or accession of the State con-
cerned or on the date of entry into force of the 1971
Convention with respect to such State, whichever is
the later.

In faith whereof the undersigned, being duly au-
thorized thereto, have signed this Protocol.

Done at Paris, this twenty-fourth day of July 1971,
in the English, French and Spanish languages, the

three texts being equally authoritative, in a single
copy which shall be deposited with the Director-Gen-
eral of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization. The Director-General shall
send certified copies to the signatory States, and to
the Secretary-General of the United Nations for regis-
tration.

UNIVERSAL COPYRIGHT CONVENTION
GENEVA, 1952

The Unesco Universal Copyright Convention was
adopted by the Intergovernmental Copyright Confer-
ence at Geneva, Switzerland, on Sept. 6, 1952. It en-
tered into force for the United States on Sept. 16,
1955.

The text of the Convention is as follows: The Con-
tracting States,

Moved by the desire to assure in all countries copy-
right protection of literary, scientific and artistic
works,

Convinced that a system of copyright protection ap-
propriate to all nations of the world and expressed in
a universal convention, additional to, and without im-
pairing international systems already in force, will
ensure respect for the rights of the individual and en-
courage the development of literature, the sciences
and the arts,

Persuaded that such a universal copyright system
will facilitate a wider dissemination of works of the
human mind and increase international understand-
ing,

Have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE I

Each Contracting State undertakes to provide for
the adequate and effective protection of the rights of
authors and other copyright proprietors in literary,
scientific and artistic works, including writings, musi-
cal, dramatic and cinematographic works, and paint-
ings, engravings and sculpture.

ARTICLE II

1. Published works of nationals of any Contracting
State and works first published in that State shall
enjoy in each other Contracting State the same pro-
tection as that other State accords to works of its na-
tionals first published in its own territory.

2. Unpublished works of nationals of each Contract-
ing State shall enjoy in each other Contracting State
the same protection as that other State accords to un-
published works of its own nationals.

3. For the purpose of this Convention any Contract-
ing State may, by domestic legislation, assimilate to its
own nationals any person domiciled in that State.

ARTICLE III

1. Any Contracting State which, under its domestic
law, requires as a condition of copyright, compliance
with formalities such as deposit, registration, notice,
notarial certificates, payment of fees or manufacture
or publication in that Contracting State, shall regard
these requirements as satisfied with respect to all
works protected in accordance with this Convention
and first published outside its territory and the author
of which is not one of its nationals, if from the time of
the first publication all the copies of the work pub-
lished with the authority of the author or other copy-
right proprietor bear the symbol accompanied by
the name of the copyright proprietor and the year of
first publication placed in such manner and location
as to give reasonable notice of claim of copyright.

2. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall
not preclude any Contracting State from requiring
formalities or other conditions for the acquisition and
enjoyment of copyright in respect of works first pub-
lished in its territory or works of its nationals wherev-
er published.

3. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall
not preclude any Contracting State from providing

that a person seeking judicial relief must, in bringing
the action, comply with procedural requirements, such
as that the complainant must appear through domes-
tic counsel or that the complainant must deposit with
the court or an administrative office, or both, a copy
of the work involved in the litigation; provided that
failure to comply with such requirements shall not
affect the validity of the copyright, nor shall any such
requirement be imposed upon a national of another
Contracting State if such requirement is not imposed
on nationals of the State in which protection is
claimed.

4. In each Contracting State there shall be legal
means of protecting without formalities the unpub-
lished works of nationals of other Contracting States.
5. If a Contracting State grants protection for more
than one term of copyright and the first term is for a
period longer than one of the minimum periods pre-
scribed in article IV, such State shall not be required
to comply with the provisions of paragraph 1 of this
article III in respect of the second or any subsequent
term of copyright.

ARTICLE IV

1. The duration of protection of a work shall be gov-
erned, in accordance with the provisions of article II
and this article, by the law of the Contracting State in
which protection is claimed.

2. The term of protection for works protected under
this Convention shall not be less than the life of the
author and 25 years after his death.

However, any Contracting State which, on the effec-
tive date of this Convention in that State, has limited
this term for certain classes of works to a period com-
puted from the first publication of the work, shall be
entitled to maintain these exceptions and to extend
them to other classes of works. For all these classes
the term of protection shall not be less than 25 years
from the date of first publication.

Any Contracting State which, upon the effective
date of this Convention in that State, does not com-
pute the term of protection upon the basis of the life
of the author, shall be entitled to compute the term of
protection from the date of the first publication of the
work or from its registration prior to publication, as
the case may be, provided the term of protection shall
not be less than 25 years from the date of first publi-
cation or from its registration prior to publication, as
the case may be.

If the legislation of a Contracting State grants two
or more successive terms of protection, the duration of
the first term shall not be less than one of the mini-
mum periods specified above.

3. The provisions of paragraph 2 of this article shall
not apply to photographic works or to works of ap-
plied art; provided, however, that the term of protec-
tion in those Contracting States which protect photo-
graphic works, or works of applied art in so far as they
are protected as artistic works, shall not be less than
ten years for each of said classes of works.

4. No Contracting State shall be obliged to grant
protection to a work for a period longer than that
fixed for the class of works to which the work in ques-
tion belongs, in the case of unpublished works by the
law of the Contracting State of which the author is a
national, and in the case of published works by the
law of the Contracting State in which the work has
been first published.

For the purposes of the application of the preceding
provision, if the law of any Contracting State grants
two or more successive terms of protection, the period
of protection of that State shall be considered to be
the aggregate of those terms. However, if a specified
work is not protected by such State during the second
or any subsequent term for any reason, the other Con-
tracting States shall not be obliged to protect it during
the second or any subsequent term.

5. For the purposes of the application of paragraph
4 of this article, the work of a national of a Contract-

ing State, first published in a non-Contracting State, shall be treated as though first published in the Contracting State of which the author is a national.

6. For the purposes of the application of paragraph 4 of this article, in case of simultaneous publication in two or more Contracting States, the work shall be treated as though first published in the State which affords the shortest term; any work published in two or more Contracting States within thirty days of its first publication shall be considered as having been published simultaneously in said Contracting States.

ARTICLE V

1. Copyright shall include the exclusive right of the author to make, publish, and authorize the making and publication of translations of works protected under this Convention.

2. However, any Contracting State may, by its domestic legislation, restrict the right of translation of writings, but only subject to the following provisions: If, after the expiration of a period of seven years from the date of the first publication of a writing, a translation of such writing has not been published in the national language or languages, as the case may be, of the Contracting State, by the owner of the right of translation or with his authorization, any national of such Contracting State may obtain a non-exclusive license from the competent authority thereof to translate the work and publish the work so translated in any of the national languages in which it has not been published; provided that such national, in accordance with the procedure of the State concerned, establishes either that he has requested, and been denied, authorization by the proprietor of the right to make and publish the translation, or that, after due diligence on his part, he was unable to find the owner of the right. A license may also be granted on the same conditions if all previous editions of a translation in such language are out of print.

If the owner of the right of translation cannot be found, then the applicant for a license shall send copies of his application to the publisher whose name appears on the work and, if the nationality of the owner of the right of translation is known, to the diplomatic or consular representative of the State of which such owner is a national, or to the organization which may have been designated by the government of that State. The license shall not be granted before the expiration of a period of two months from the date of the dispatch of the copies of the application. Due provision shall be made by domestic legislation to assure to the owner of the right of translation a compensation which is just and conforms to international standards, to assure payment and transmittal of such compensation, and to assure a correct translation of the work.

The original title and the name of the author of the work shall be printed on all copies of the published translation. The license shall be valid only for publication of the translation in the territory of the Contracting State where it has been applied for. Copies so published may be imported and sold in another Contracting State if one of the national languages of such other State is the same language as that into which the work has been so translated, and if the domestic law in such other State makes provision for such licenses and does not prohibit such importation and sale. Where the foregoing conditions do not exist, the importation and sale of such copies in a Contracting State shall be governed by its domestic law and its agreements. The license shall not be transferred by the licensee.

The license shall not be granted when the author has withdrawn from circulation all copies of the work.

ARTICLE VI

"Publication", as used in this Convention, means the reproduction in tangible form and the general distribution to the public of copies of a work from which it can be read or otherwise visually perceived.

ARTICLE VII

This Convention shall not apply to works or rights in works which, at the effective date of the Convention in a Contracting State where protection is claimed, are permanently in the public domain in the said Contracting State.

ARTICLE VIII

1. This Convention, which shall bear the date of September 6, 1952, shall be deposited with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and shall remain open for signature by all States for a period of 120 days after that date. It shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by the signatory States.

2. Any State which has not signed this Convention may accede thereto.

3. Ratification, acceptance or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

ARTICLE IX

1. This Convention shall come into force three months after the deposit of twelve instruments of ratification, acceptance or accession, among which there shall be those of four States which are not members of the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.

2. Subsequently, this Convention shall come into force in respect of each State three months after that State has deposited its instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession.

ARTICLE X

1. Each State party to this Convention undertakes to adopt, in accordance with its Constitution, such measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention.

2. It is understood, however, that at the time an instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession is deposited on behalf of any State, such State must be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention.

ARTICLE XI

1. An Intergovernmental Committee is hereby established with the following duties:

(a) to study the problems concerning the application and operation of this Convention;

(b) to make preparation for periodic revisions of this Convention;

(c) to study any other problems concerning the international protection of copyright, in co-operation with the various interested international organizations, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Organization of American States;

(d) to inform the Contracting States as to its activities.

2. The Committee shall consist of the representatives of twelve Contracting States to be selected with due consideration to fair geographical representation and in conformity with the Resolution relating to this article, annexed to this Convention.

The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Director of the Bureau of the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Secretary-General of the Organization of American States, or their representatives, may attend meetings of the Committee in an advisory capacity.

ARTICLE XII

The Intergovernmental Committee shall convene a conference for revision of this Convention whenever it

deems necessary, or at the request of at least ten Contracting States, or of a majority of the Contracting States if there are less than twenty Contracting States.

ARTICLE XIII

Any Contracting State may, at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession, or at any time thereafter, declare by notification addressed to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization that this Convention shall apply to all or any of the countries or territories for the international relations of which it is responsible and this Convention shall thereupon apply to the countries or territories named in such notification after the expiration of the term of three months provided for in article IX. In the absence of such notification, this Convention shall not apply to any such country or territory.

ARTICLE XIV

1. Any Contracting State may denounce this Convention in its own name or on behalf of all or any of the countries or territories as to which a notification has been given under article XIII. The denunciation shall be made by notification addressed to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

2. Such denunciation shall operate only in respect of the State or of the country or territory on whose behalf it was made and shall not take effect until twelve months after the date of receipt of the notification.

ARTICLE XV

A dispute between two or more Contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, not settled by negotiation, shall, unless the States concerned agree on some other method of settlement, be brought before the International Court of Justice for determination by it.

ARTICLE XVI

1. This Convention shall be established in English, French and Spanish. The three texts shall be signed and shall be equally authoritative.

2. Official texts of this Convention shall be established in German, Italian and Portuguese.

Any Contracting State or group of Contracting States shall be entitled to have established by the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization other texts in the language of its choice by arrangement with the Director-General.

All such texts shall be annexed to the signed texts of this Convention.

ARTICLE XVII

1. This Convention shall not in any way affect the provisions of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works or membership in the Union created by that Convention.

2. In application of the foregoing paragraph, a Declaration has been annexed to the present article. This Declaration is an integral part of this Convention for the States bound by the Berne Convention on January 1, 1951, or which have or may become bound to it at a later date. The signature of this Convention by such States shall also constitute signature of the said Declaration, and ratification, acceptance or accession by such States shall include the Declaration as well as the Convention.

ARTICLE XVIII

This Convention shall not abrogate multilateral or bilateral copyright conventions or arrangements that are or may be in effect exclusively between two or more American Republics. In the event of any differ

ence either between the provisions of such existing conventions or arrangements and the provisions of this Convention, or between the provisions of this Convention and those of any new convention or arrangement which may be formulated between two or more American Republics after this Convention comes into force, the convention or arrangement most recently formulated shall prevail between the parties thereto. Rights in works acquired in any Contracting State under existing conventions or arrangements before the date this Convention comes into force in such State shall not be affected.

ARTICLE XIX

This Convention shall not abrogate multilateral or bilateral conventions or arrangements in effect between two or more Contracting States. In the event of any difference between the provisions of such existing conventions or arrangements and the provisions of this Convention, the provisions of this Convention shall prevail. Rights in works acquired in any Contracting State under existing conventions or arrangements before the date on which this Convention comes into force in such State shall not be affected. Nothing in this article shall affect the provisions of article XVII and XVIII of this Convention.

ARTICLE XX

Reservations to this Convention shall not be permit

ted.

ARTICLE XXI

The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall send duly certified copies of this Convention to the States interested, to the Swiss Federal Council and to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration by him.

He shall also inform all interested States of the ratifications, acceptances and accessions which have been deposited, the date on which this Convention comes into force, the notifications under Article XIII of this Convention, and denunciations under Article XIV.

APPENDIX DECLARATION RELATING TO ARTICLE XVII

The States which are members of the International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and which are signatories to the Universal Copyright Convention,

Desiring to reinforce their mutual relations on the basis of the said Union and to avoid any conflict which might result from the co-existence of the Convention of Berne and the Universal Convention,

Have, by common agreement, accepted the terms of the following declaration:

(a) Works which, according to the Berne Convention, have as their country of origin a country which has withdrawn from the International Union created by the said Convention, after January 1, 1951, shall not be protected by the Universal Copyright Convention in the countries of the Berne Union;

(b) The Universal Copyright Convention shall not be applicable to the relationships among countries of the Berne Union insofar as it relates to the protection of works having as their country of origin, within the meaning of the Berne Convention, a country of the International Union created by the said Convention.

RESOLUTION Concerning ARTICLE XI

The Intergovernmental Copyright Conference Having considered the problems relating to the Intergovernmental Committee provided for in Article XI of the Universal Copyright Convention

resolves

1. The first members of the Committee shall be representatives of the following twelve States, each of

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