form, style, or size, and all matter reproduced therein in which copyright is already subsisting, but without extending the duration of such copyright.

SEC. 4. That the works for which copyright may be secured under this act shall include all the works of an author.

SEC. 5. That the application for registration shall specify to which of the following classes the work in which copyright is claimed belongs:

(a) Books, including composite and cyclopædic works, directories, gazetteers, and other compilations, and new matter contained in new editions; but not including works specified in other subsections hereunder.

(b) Periodicals, including newspapers.

(c) Oral lectures, sermons, addresses.

(d) Dramatic compositions.

(e) Musical compositions.

f) Maps.

(g) Works of art, models or designs for works of art.

(h) Reproductions of a work of art.

(i) Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical char

acter.

j) Photographs.

(k) Prints and pictorial illustrations.

(1) Labels and prints relating to articles of manufacture, as heretofore registered in the Patent Office under the act of June eighteenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-four: Provided, nevertheless, That the above specifications shall not be held to limit the subjectmatter of copyright as defined in section four of this act, nor shall any error in classification invalidate or impair the copyright protection secured under this act.

SEC. 6. That additions to copyrighted works and alterations, revisions, abridgments, dramatizations, translations, compilations, arrangements, or other versions of works, whether copyrighted or in the public domain, shall be regarded as new works subject to copyright under the provisions of this act; but no such copyright shall affect the force or validity of any subsisting copyright upon the matter employed or any part thereof, or be construed to grant an exclusive right to such use of the original works.

SEC. 7. That no copyright shall subsist

(a) In any publication of the United States Government or any reprint, in whole or in part, thereof: Provided, however, That the publication or republication by the Government, either separately or in a public document, of any material in which copyright is subsisting shall not be taken to cause any abridgment or annulment of the copyright or to authorize any use or appropriation of such copyright material without the consent of the copyright proprietor;

(b) In the original text of a work by any author not a citizen of the United States first published without the limits of the United States prior to July first, eighteen hundred and ninety-one; or in the original text of any work which has fallen into the public domain. SEC. 8. That the author or proprietor of any work made the subject of copyright by this act, or his executors, administrators, or assigns, shall have copyright for such work under the conditions and for the terms specified in this act: Provided, however, That the copyright

secured by this act shall extend to the work of an author or proprietor who is a citizen or subject of a foreign state or nation, only when such foreign author or proprietor

(a) Shall be living within the United States at the time of the making and first publication of his work, or shall first or contemporaneously publish his work within the limits of the United States; or

(b) When the foreign state or nation of which such author or proprietor is a citizen or subject grants, either by treaty, convention, agreement, or law, to citizens of the United States the benefit of copyright on substantially the same basis as to its own citizens, or copyright protection substantially equal to the protection secured to such foreign author under this act; or when such foreign state or nation is a party to an international agreement which provides for reciprocity in the granting of copyright, by the terms of which agreement the United States may at its pleasure become a party thereto.

The existence of the reciprocal conditions aforesaid shall be determined by the President of the United States, by proclamation made from time to time, as the purposes of this act may require.

SEC. 9. That any person entitled thereto by this act may secure copyright for his work by publication thereof with the notice of copyright required by this act; and such notice shall be affixed to each copy thereof published or offered for sale in the United States by authority of the copyright proprietor. In the case of a work of art or a plastic work or drawing, such notice shall be affixed to the original also before publication thereof. In the case of a lecture or similar work intended only for oral delivery, notice of copyright shall be given at each public delivery thereof.

SEC. 10. That such person may obtain registration of his claim to copyright by complying with the requirements prescribed in this act; and such registration shall be prima facie evidence of ownership.

Registration may also be had of works, of which copies are not reproduced for sale, by the deposit, with claim of copyright, of the title and one complete printed or manuscript copy of such work, if it be a lecture or similar production or a dramatic or musical composition; of a photographic print, if the work be a photograph, or of a photograph or other identifying reproduction thereof, if it be a work of art, or a plastic work or drawing; the notice of copyright in these latter cases being affixed to the original before publication as required by section nine above. But the privilege of registration secured hereunder shall not exempt the copyright proprietor from the requirement of deposit of copies under section eleven herein where the work is later reproduced in copies for sale.

SEC. 11. That not later than thirty days (but in the case of a periodical not later than ten days) after the publication of the work upon which copyright is claimed, there shall be deposited in the Copyright Office, or in the United States mail addressed to the Register of Copyrights, Washington, District of Columbia, two complete copies of the best edition; or if the work be a label or print relating to an article of manufacture, one such copy; or if a contribution to a periodical for which contribution special registration is requested, one copy of the issue or issues of the periodical containing such contribution, to be deposited not later than ten days after publication; or if the work is not reproduced in copies for sale, there shall be deposited the copy, print, photograph, or other identifying

reproduction required by section ten above; such copies or copy, print, photograph, or other reproduction to be accompanied in each case by a claim of copyright.

SEC. 12. That the postmaster to whom are delivered the articles required to be deposited under section eleven above shall, if requested, give a receipt therefor, and shall mail them to their destination without cost to the copyright claimant.

SEC. 13. That of a printed book or periodical the text of the copies deposited under section eleven above shall be printed from type set within the limits of the United States, either by hand or by the aid of any kind of typesetting machine, or from plates made from type set within the limits of the United States, or if the text be produced by lithographic process, then by a process wholly performed within the limits of the United States; which requirements shall extend also to the illustrations produced by lithographic process within a printed book consisting of text and illustrations, and also to separate lithographs, except where in either case the subjects represented are located in a foreign country; but they shall not apply to works in raised characters for the use of the blind, and they shall be subject to the provisions of section sixteen with reference to books published abroad seeking ad interim protection under this

act.

In the case of the book the copies so deposited shall be accompanied by an affidavit, under the official seal of any officer authorized to administer oaths within the United States, duly made by the person claiming copyright or by his duly authorized agent or representative residing in the United States or by the printer who has printed the book, setting forth that the copies deposited have been printed from type set within the limits of the United States or from plates made from type set within the limits of the United States, or, if the text be produced by lithographic process, that such process was wholly performed within the limits of the United States.

Any person who for the purpose of obtaining a copyright shall knowingly be guilty of making a false affidavit as to his having complied with the above conditions shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars, and all of his rights and privileges under said copyright shall thereafter be forfeited.

Such affidavit shall state also the place within the United States and the establishment in which such type was set or plates were made or lithographic process was performed and the date of the completion of the printing of the book or the date of publication. SEC. 14. That the notice of copyright required by section nine shall consist either of the word "Copyright," or the abbreviation "Copr.," or, in the case of any of the works specified in subsections (f) to (1), inclusive, of section five of this act, the letter C inclosed within a circle, thus: O, accompanied in every case by the name of the author or copyright proprietor as registered in the Copyright Office; or, in the case of works specified in subsections (f) to (1), inclusive, of section five of this act, by his initials, monogram, mark, or symbol, provided that on some accessible portion of the work or of the margin, back, permanent base or pedestal thereof, or of the substance on which the work shall be mounted his name shall

appear. But in the case of works in which copyright is subsisting when this act shall go into effect, the notice of copyright may be either in one of the forms prescribed herein or in one of those prescribed by the act of June eighteenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-four.

The notice of copyright shall be applied, in the case of a book or other printed publication, upon its title-page or the page immediately following, or, if a periodical, either upon the title-page or upon the first page of text of each separate number or under the title heading; or if a work specified in subsections (f) to (1), inclusive, of section five of this act, upon some accessible portion of the work itself or of the margin, back, permanent base or pedestal thereof, or of the substance on which the work shall be mounted.

In a composite work one notice of copyright shall suffice.

Upon every copy of a published musical composition in which the right of public performance is reserved there shall be imprinted under the notice of copyright the words "Right of public performance reserved; "in default of which no action shall be maintained nor recovery be had for any such performance, although without the consent of the copyright proprietor.

SEC. 15. That if, by reason of any error or omission, the requirements prescribed above in section eleven have not been complied with within the time therein specified, or if failure to make registration has occurred by the error or omission of any administrative officer or employee of the United States, it shall be permissible for the author or proprietor to make the required deposit and secure the necessary registration within a period of one year after the first publication of the work: Provided, That in such case no action shall be brought for infringement of the copyright until such requirements have been fully complied with: And provided further, That the privilege above afforded of completing the registration and deposit after the expiration of the period prescribed in section eleven shall not exempt the proprietor of any article which bears a notice of copyright from depositing the required copy or copies upon specific written demand therefor by the Register of Copyrights, who may make such demand at any time subsequent to the expiration of such period; and after the said demand shall have been made, in default of the deposit of the copies of the work within one month from any part of the United States except an outlying territorial possession of the United States, or within three months from any outlying territorial possession of the United States or from any foreign country, the proprietor of the copyright shall be liable to a fine of one hundred dollars.

Where the copyright proprietor has sought to comply with the requirements of this act as to notice and the notice has been duly affixed to the bulk of the edition published, its omission by inadvertence from a particular copy or copies, though preventing recourse against an innocent infringer without notice, shall not invalidate the copyright nor prevent recovery for infringement against any person who after actual notification of the copyright begins an undertaking to infringe it.

SEC. 16. That in the case of a book published in a foreign country before publication in this country the deposit in the Copyright Office not later than thirty days after its publication abroad of one com

plete copy of the foreign edition with a request for the reservation of the copyright, and a statement of the name and nationality of the author and of the copyright proprietor, and of the date of publication of the said book shall secure to the author or proprietor an ad interim copyright. Except as otherwise provided, the ad interim copyright thus secured shall have all the force and effect given to copyright by this act, and shall endure as follows:

(a) In the case of a book printed abroad in a foreign language, for a period of two years after the first publication of the book in the foreign country.

(b) In the case of a book printed abroad in the English language or in English and one or more foreign languages, for a period of thirty days after such deposit in the Copyright Office.

SEC. 17. That whenever within the period of such ad interim protection an authorized edition shall be produced and published from type set within the limits of the United States or from plates made therefrom, (a) of a book in the English language or (b) of a book in a foreign language, either in the original language or in an English translation thereof, and whenever the requirements prescribed by this act as to deposit of copies, registration, filing of affidavit, and the printing of the copyright notice shall have been duly complied with, the copyright shall be extended to endure in such original book for the full terms elsewhere provided in this act.

SEC. 18. That the copyright secured by this act shall endure—

(a) For twenty-eight years after the date of first publication in the case of any print or label relating to articles of manufacture: Provided, That the copyright which at the time of the passing of this act may be subsisting in any article named in this section shall endure for the balance of the term of copyright fixed by the laws then in force.

(b) For fifty years after the date of first publication in the case of any composite or collective work; any work copyrighted by a corporate body or by the employer of the author or authors; any abridgment, compilation, dramatization, or translation; any posthumous work; any arrangement or reproduction in some new form of a musical composition; any photograph; any reproduction of a work of art; any print or pictorial illustration; the copyrightable contents of any newspaper or other periodical; and the additions or annotations to works previously published.

(c) For the lifetime of the author and for fifty years after his death, in the case of his original book, lecture, dramatic or musical composition, map, work of art, drawing or plastic work of a scientific. or technical character, or other original work, but not including any work specified in subsections (a) or (b) hereof; and in the case of joint authors, during their joint lives and for fifty years after the death of the last survivor of them.

In all of the above cases the term shall extend to the end of the calendar year of expiration.

The copyright in a work published anonymously or under an assumed name shall subsist for the same period as if the work had been produced bearing the author's true name.

SEC. 19. That the copyright subsisting in any work at the time when this act goes into effect may, at the expiration of the renewal