COMPUTERS AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COURTS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY ONE HUNDRED FIRST CONGRESS FIRST AND SECOND SESSIONS NOVEMBER 8, 1989, AND MARCH 7, 1990 Serial No. 119 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary 33-652 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office 87 444ST XL 10/92 53-005-00 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY JACK BROOKS, Texas, Chairman ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER, Wisconsin BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts HARLEY O. STAGGERS, JR., West Virginia JOHN BRYANT, Texas BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland MEL LEVINE, California GEORGE E. SANGMEISTER, Illinois CRAIG A. WASHINGTON, Texas HAMILTON FISH, JR., New York F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., BILL MCCOLLUM, Florida GEORGE W. GEKAS, Pennsylvania WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER, California D. FRENCH SLAUGHTER, JR., Virginia CHUCK DOUGLAS, New Hampshire TOM CAMPBELL, California WILLIAM M. JONES, General Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON COURTS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF Kastenmeier, Hon. Robert W., a Representative in Congress from the State of Wisconsin, and chairman, Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, Branscomb, Anne Wells, Esq., research associate, program on information resources policy, Harvard University, and adjunct professor of international law, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University..... Bricklin, Daniel S., president, Software Garden, Inc....... Curlin, James W., Manager, Communication and Information Technologies, Office of Technology Assessment. Fultz, Keith O., Director, Planning and Reporting, Resources Community and Economic Development Division, General Accounting Office.... Gilbert, Steven W., vice president, Educom, and director, Educom Software Initiative, accompanied by Brian Kahin, Esq., affiliated with research pro- gram of communications policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Kapor, Mitchell D., chairman and chief executive officer, ON Technology, Inc. Lemberg, Thomas M., Esq., vice president and general counsel, Lotus Develop- ment Corp., on behalf of the Software Publishers Association Oman, Ralph, Register of Copyrights, Library of Congress.. Raskind, Leo J., professor of law, University of Minnesota Reiling, Ronald T., chairman, Proprietary Rights Committee, Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association [CBEMA], and manager, intellectual property programs, Digital Equipment Corp., accompanied by Ingrid Voorhees, director, domestic policy, CBEMA Samuels, Jeffrey M., Acting Commissioner, Patent and Trademark Office, U.S. Department of Commerce... Samuelson, Pamela, visiting professor of law, School of Law, Emory Univerity Wessell, Milton R., adjunct professor of law, Georgetown University Law LETTERS, STATEMENTS, ETC., SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARINGS Branscomb, Anne Wells, Esq., research associate, program on information resources policy, Harvard University, and adjunct professor of international law, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University: Prepared Bricklin, Daniel S., president, Software Garden, Inc.: Prepared statement...... Curlin, James W., Manager, Communication and Information Technologies, Office of Technology Assessment: Prepared statement with attachment...... Fultz, Keith O., Director, Planning and Reporting, Resources Community and Economic Development Division, General Accounting Office: Prepared Gilbert, Steven W., vice president, Educom, director, Educom Software Initia- 118 Kapor, Mitchell D., chairman and chief executive officer, ON Technology, Lemberg, Thomas M., Esq., vice president and general counsel, Lotus Develop- Moorhead, Hon. Carlos J., a Representative in Congress from the State of Raskind, Leo, J., professor of law, University of Minnesota: Prepared Reiling, Ronald T., chairman, Proprietary Rights Committee, Computer and Samuels, Jeffrey M., Acting Commissioner, Patent and Trademark Office, Samuelson, Pamela, visiting professor of law, School of Law, Emory Univer- Wessell, Milton R., adjunct professor of law, Georgetown University Law APPENDIXES Appendix 1.-Additional statements... 431 Professor Gideon Frieder, dean, School of Computer and Information 431 Software Publishers Association 435 Richard Stallman, president, League for Programming Freedom, 444 Amdahl Corp., Sunnyvale, CA. 457 NCR Corp., Dayton, OH. 471 482 Appendix 2.-Additional materials submitted by witnesses Anne Wells Branscomb: "Nurturing Creativity in a Competitive Global Economy: Intellectual "Computer Software: Protecting the Crown Jewels of the Information 482 539 Milton R. Wessel: "Alternative Dispute Resolution for the Socioscientific 562 Pamela Samuelson: "Protecting User Interfacers Through Copyright: The 577 Leo J. Raskind: "The Continuing Process of Refining and Adapting Copyright Principles," 31 German Yearbook of International Law 478509 (1989).... 584 Ralph Oman: Letter from Richard E. Glasgow, Assistant General Counsel, Copyright Office, to Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier (May 1, 1987), with attachments 616 Jeffrey M. Samuels: Letter from Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier to Hon. Donald Quigg, 651 Letter from Hon. Jeffrey M. Samuels, Acting Commissioner of 653 Keith O. Fultz: Letter from Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier to Hon. Charles A. 676 678 James W. Curlin: Letter from Hon. Jack Brooks, chairman, Committee on the Judici- Appendix 3.-Further printed materials.. 729 731 732 World Intellectual Property Organization, "Model Provisions on the 732 Kay, Alan, "Computer Software," 251 Scientific American 53-59 (Sept. 1984) 758 Kahin, Brian, "The Software Patent Crisis," Technology Review 53-58 (April 1990). 765 Stern, Richard H., Keynote Address: "How To Protect New Technology Stern, Richard H., "Appropriate and Inappropriate Legal Protection of Stern, Richard H., "Appropriate and Inappropriate Legal Protection of Stern, Richard H., "Appropriate and Inappropriate Legal Protection of Keplinger, "Computer Software-Its Nature and Its Protection,' 30 771 774 779 786 793 799 805 Hoffman, Gary, Jon Grossman, Patrick Keane, and Jodi Westby, "Protec- 835 843 Kolata, Gina, "Mathematicians Are Troubled by Claims on Their Rec- 850 851 Weigner, Kathleen K., and John Heins, “Can Las Vegas Sue Atlantic 853 Andrews, Edmund L., "Equations Patented; Some See a Danger," N.Y. 859 Brown, "Comment: The Incompatibility of Copyright and Computer 862 907 Newell, "Response: The Models are Broken, the Models are Broken!" 47 Kitagawa, Zentaro, "Legal Protection of Computer Programs in Japan- Appendix 4.-Further letters and correspondence.... 920 933 Beulick, John S., Clifton Park, NY: Letter to Hon. Robert W. 933 Urbanik, Thomas, Madison, WI: Letter to Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier (September 27, 1989), with attachments.......... 935 |