1) Swank, R. C., "Interlibrary Cooperation, Interlibrary Communications, and Information Networks-Explanation and Definition," in Proceedings of the Conference on Interlibrary Communications and Information Networks (edited by J. Becker), Chicago, American Library Association, 1971, p. 20. 2) American Library Directory, 28th Edition, New York, R.R. Bowker Company, 1972. 3) United States Constitution, Article I, Section 8, Clause 8: "To promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries." 4) Libraries in the United States: public libraries—8,366*; academic libraries-3,000 (est.)*; Federal libraries— 2,313*; special libraries (other than Federal)—12,000**; school libraries-65,000 (est.)*; Total-90,679. Figures having an were supplied by the National Center for Education Statistics, USOE; those having ** were supplied by the Special Libraries Association. (5) Frase, R. W., Library Funding and Public Support, Chicago, American Library Association, 1973. (6) Alternatives for Financing the Public Library, A Study Prepared for the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Government Studies and Systems, Inc. 1974. (7) American Association of School Libraries, ALA and Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Media Programs: District and School, Chicago, ALA, and Washington, D.C., AECT, 1975. (8) Resources and Bibliographic Support for a Nationwide Library Program, A Study Prepared for the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, Rockville, Maryland, Westat, Inc., 1974. (9) Shera, J. H., The Foundation of Education for Librarianship, New York, Wiley-Becker and Hayes, 1972, p. 498. 10) Conclusions and Recommendations, Conference on National Bibliographic Control. Sponsored by the Council on Library Resources and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1974. Glossary The language of modern library and information science is derived from several disciplines. This Glossary defines the principal technical terms used by the Commission in preparing this document. Bibliographic Control The uniform identification of items of recorded information in various media and the availability of a mechanism for gaining subsequent access to such information. Consortium A formal association of libraries and other organizations, having the same or interrelated service or processing objectives. Constituency A particular user group with specialized requirements for library and information service. Data Bases Files of bibliographic or other information recorded on magnetic tape or disk for computer processing. Facsimile The electronic transmission of an exact duplicate of a page, a graphic, or a film image. Federal Synonymous with the United States Government. Federal Agency A component of government in the Executive or Legislative Branch of the Federal establishment. Hardware The physical equipment in a data processing or other machine system (as contrasted with software). Information Includes facts and other recorded knowledge found in books, periodicals, newspapers, reports, audiovisual formats, magnetic tapes, data banks (bases), and other recording media. (The word "information," in this document is used interchangeably with the word "knowledge.") Information Center A library or other facility that emphasizes the analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information. Information Industry Certain organizations in the for-profit part of the private sector which process, store, or disseminate information under contractual or sales arrangements. Examples of components of the information industry include: abstracting and indexing services; data base producers; reprint houses; commercial information retrieval services, etc. Information Scientist A specialist in systems analysis, computers, communications, micrographics, and other technology based means for processing information. Information Technology Refers to the application of computers, telecommunications, micrographics, audiovisuals, and other equipment, techniques, and materials for making information available to people. Interface The area or mechanism of contact and interaction between any two systems, subsystems, or organizations. An interface may be technical (e.g., electronic) or administrative. Interlibrary Cooperation Informal agreements between and among libraries to participate in a specific process or service for mutual benefit. Librarian A specialist in the organization, management, and utilization of recorded information. Library An institution where diverse information is stored, systematically organized, and where services are provided to facilitate its use. It may contain books, films, magazines, maps, manu scripts, microfilms, audiovisual materials, tape recordings, computer tapes, etc. It also provides information services to requesters from its own and from outside resources. Multistate Affiliations Regional arrangements (by informal agreement, compact, or by contract) among states or statewide agencies to pursue common library and information programs. National Refers to interests that transcend local, state, and regional concerns. The term is also used to refer to organizations whose operations embody or serve these broader interests. National Bibliographic Center A place where the basic record for each bibliographic item is created (or verified) and held to serve the full range of needs of libraries, information centers, abstracting and indexing services, and national and trade bibliographies. National Lending Library A central library, within a country, responsible for acquiring at least one copy of a prescribed class of material and making it available to other libraries by loan or photocopy service. National Plan The phased schedule by which the National Program is implemented to meet its program objectives. National Program An organized and articulated statement prepared to provide for the coherent development of library and information activities in the United States to meet the needs of its people. Nationwide That which extends throughout the country. Network Two or more libraries and/or other organizations engaged in a common pattern of information exchange, through communications, for some functional purpose. A network usually consists of a formal arrangement whereby materials, information, and services provided by a variety of types of libraries and/or other organizations are made available to all potential users. (Libraries may be in different jurisdictions but agree to serve one another on the same basis as each serves its own constituents. Computers and telecommunications may be among the tools used for facilitating communication among them.) On-line Retrieval Services Retrieval services involving direct interactive communication between the user at a terminal and the computer programmed to provide access to one or more data bases. Private Sector Organizations not directly tax supported. Includes organizations outside of government such as profit-making companies and not-for-profit institutions, which produce, process, store, or disseminate information. Public Sector Organizations directly tax supported. An institution especially chartered to provide a common service to a cooperative of libraries in differing political jurisdictions. Software The intellectual instructions-such as a computer programwhich machine operations. govern State Library Agency The official agency of a state charged by the law of that state with the extension and development of public library services throughout the state. This agency has adequate authority under the law of the state to administer state plans in accordance with the provisions of the Library Services and Construction Act, and is generally responsible for statewide planning and coordination of cooperative library and information services. System An organization of people, machines, material resources, and procedures, designed to accomplish a given purpose or set of purposes. A system may exist within a library or information. activity, or it may exist when two or more library or informa |