Absolutism and communism, i. 343.
Abuse of power, results of, i. 90.
Academic discourses (1836–69), i. 177
-410.
Adams, John Quincy, views on protec-
tion, ii. 399, 414.
Advocates, duties of,. i. 251.
Agassiz, Louis, effect of his public lec-
tures, i. 322; Contributions to Natu-
ral History, i. 322, 346.
Agglutination, meaning of term in phi-
lology, i. 469, 516.
Agriculture, its study, i. 292; origin of
traced, i. 206; origin ascribed by the
ancients to a deity, i. 205.
Alabama claims, ii. 311; settlement by
arbitration proposed, ii. 322, 328.
Albano, i. 105, 110, 113.
Albany Plan of Union of 1754, ii. 40-
46, 101.
Alexander of Macedon, his road-making
in the East, i. 312.
Ali Pasha, i. 106.
Allegiance, in what it consists, ii. 166;
doctrine of double allegiance, ii. 166,
213; to United States defined, ii.
166, 177.
Alliterations, curious, instances of, i.
478.
Alphabet, invention of, i. 308; origin of
alphabetic writing, i. 222; instances
of the invention of syllabic alphabets,
i. 458.
Alsace and Lorraine, their annexation
to Germany, ii. 301.
America, origin and history of the
name, ii. 62, 233; Spanish and Eng-
lish colonies contrasted, ii. 26; char-
acteristics of Spanish colonization,
ii. 20, 26, 28, 30-34; English colo-
nies, ii. 26, 34-40; effect of Protest-
ant Reformation on its colonization,
ii. 35; time of its colonization favor-
able, ii. 232; character of its colo-
nists, ii. 232; slavery as a factor in
its life, ii. 233; early uses of the
word "Union" in American laws,
etc., ii. 101, 112; "Americans form
a nation," ii. 231; fallacies of Amer-
ican protectionists, ii. 389-459; ef-
fect of tariffs on American com-
merce, ii. 428; also see United
States.
American Revolution, ii. 47; chrono-
logical statement of its legislative
history, ii. 102; effect of European
writings on political science upon its
leaders, i. 376; Albany Plan of
Union of 1754, ii. 40-46, 101;
Stamp Act of 1765, ii. 46; Declara-
tion of Rights by Congress, at New
York, in 1765, ii. 50; Mecklenburg
Declaration of Independence, ii. 64;
Congress of 1774, in Carpenters'
Hall, Philadelphia, ii. 57; Articles
of Confederation, ii. 107, 155, 160,
235; Declaration of Independence,
ii. 69-85, 160, 235; also see United
States Constitution.
Ancient and modern liberty compared,
i. 382.
Ancient and modern states, their careers
contrasted, i. 370, 382; ii. 18.
Ancient and modern teacher of politics,
the, i. 369-387.
Anglican and Gallican liberty, i. 37;
ii. 369-388; also see England and
France.
Animals, effect of civilization on the
sounds made by, i. 463.
Antiquities, importance of their study,
i. 532.
Antiquity, different views of, i. 121.
Arago, his friendship with Humboldt,
i. 403.
Arbitration, international, ii. 322-329;
origin of all law in, ii. 324; in Ro-
man civil law, ii. 198, 324; among
the Greeks, ii. 324; courts of peace,
ii. 324; monarchs as arbiters, ii. 325;
universities as international arbiters,
ii. 326.
Archolophrastic words, i. 519.
Army and navy, powers and duties of
officers of, i. 262, 263, 268; flogging
in, i. 263; also see Military Law, etc.
Arnold, Thomas, on dangers of legal
profession, i. 253.
Articles of Confederation, ii. 235; sov-
ereignty, where placed by, ii. 107,
155; national spirit of, ii. 160.
Articulate sound, definition of, i. 458;
characteristics of, i. 457; distinction
between articulate and inarticulate
sounds, i. 456; meaning of articula-
tion, i. 456.
Assassination, political, in antiquity, i.
268; Sir Thomas More on, i. 268;
under Charles II., i. 269; offers to as-
sassinate Napoleon rejected in Eng-
land, i. 269; in time of war, ii. 272.
Athenæums, history and uses of, i. 297-
327; origin of the term, i. 304; at
Rome, Lyons, Marseilles, etc., i. 304;
component parts of, i. 305; libraries
in connection with, i. 305, 317, 323;
lectures as a feature of, i. 320; mod-
ern athenæum preceded by the library
and the lecture, i. 323.
Athens, i. 98.
Attila, Latin spoken at his court, i. 140.
Bacon, Lord, character of, i. 259.
Balance of trade, meaning of, ii. 418;
fallacies of the theory, ii. 418-424;
Webster and Woodbury on, ii. 419,
422; effects of the theory in Spain,
etc., ii. 421.
Beaumont (de) and (de) Tocqueville's
Penitentiary System, i. 23. See Pen-
ology.
Belgium and Holland, union of, i. 84.
Berlin, origin of University of, i. 331.
Binney, Horace, notes by, ii. 88, 95,
101, 108, 119.
Blind deaf-mutes, characteristics of, i.
211, 212; Abbe Carton on, i. 211;
Dr. Howe on, i. 211, et seq.,-the
subject fully discussed in essay on
Laura Bridgman, i. 443-497.
Blockades, to be recognized must be
effective, ii. 314.
Blücher, i. 159, 307.
Bluntschli, J. C., personal relations
with Lieber, ii. 13; estimate of
Lieber's services to political science,
ii. 7-14.
Body and mind, connection of, i. 448.
Boeckh, i. 101.
Bonaparte, Joseph, Lieber's reminis-
cences of, i. 417; Lieber's corre-
spondence with, i. 417, 436, 439;
his government of Naples, i. 109,
416; characteristics of, i. 417; his
correspondence with Thibaudeau, i.
416; his correspondence with and
his estimate of Napoleon, i. 416, 421,
424, 429, 437.
Bonaparte, Lucien, i. 140.
Bonaparte, Napoleon. See Napoleon
I. and III.
Books, what is a book, i. 309; the book
and the library, i. 309; the modern
book trade, i. 300; also see Copy-
right.
Bread-making, the origin of, how
traced, i. 206.
Bridgman, Laura, essay on the vocal
sounds of, i. 443-497; character of
her sounds, i. 492; her impulse to
utter sounds, i. 461, 463; her expres-
sions of wonder and satisfaction, i.
460,-of affirmation and negation, i.
462; her delicacy, i. 452; her signs
of emotion, i. 453; symphenomena
of, 453-456; has sounds for persons,
but few for things and actions, i. 487,
489, 490; letters from, i. 496, 497.
Brougham, Lord, on the duties of an
advocate, i. 251.
Buffon, character and influence of, i.
319.
Bureaucracy, i. 82.
Buttmann, i. 101.
Byng, Admiral, i. 104.
Cæsar, Julius, the real purposes of, i.
193; Niebuhr on, i. 135.
Cæsarism, the term as used by Napoleon
III., ii. 307, 310.
Calhoun, John C., on slavery and com-
munism, ii. 427.
Caliphs, the, i. 102.
Calvinists, the, i. 132.
Capital, protection of native, ii. 395;
arguments against the use of foreign
capital refuted, ii. 396, 398; also see
Political Economy.
Capuccini, i. 120.
Carey, Henry C., on protection, ii. 428.
Caricatures in history, i. 379.
Carnival, origin of the, i. 139.
Carnot, i. 129.
Catholic Church, relations to slavery of
the, ii. 23.
Cato, Niebuhr on, i. 135.
Cavalier, the, and gentleman contrasted,
i. 240.
Celestine V., i. 141.
Centralism, in France, ii. 381; how
distinguished from national polity,
ii. 225.
Centralization, tendencies in the United
States against, ii. 164.
Character of the Gentleman, The, i.
225-279.
Charity, growth of systematic, i. 292.
Chatham, study of history by, i. 338.
Chevalier, his book on Mexico, ii. 307.
Chivalry, i. 241.
Choate, Rufus, i. 26.
Christianity, an indispensable element
of a liberal education, ii. 527; neces-
sary to full conception of the char-
acter of a gentleman, i. 243.
Cicero, on slavery, i. 271.
Citizenship,-proposed constitutional
amendment defining American, ii.
179; is State and United States citi-
zenship the same, ii. 204; history
and distinction of words citizen, in-
habitant, subject, ii. 79; qualities
necessary to a good citizen, i. 198;
citizens as gentlemen, i. 264.
City governments, their present abuses
and the remedies therefor, ii. 214-
217; portion of suffrage in, should be
restricted to taxpayers, ii. 216; lim-
itation upon expenditures by, ii. 216.
City-states, in Greece, ii. 20.
Civil history, as studied in connection
with politics, i. 200.
Civil liberty, meaning of, ii. 372; in
what it consists, ii. 373; its contests
with absolute power, ii. 376; is
always institutional liberty, i. 343;
its connection with commerce, i.
324; its effect on knowledge, i. 325;
favorable to free trade, i. 325; can-
not exist without parties, i. 325; an
American theme, i. 367.
Civil Liberty and Self-Government
(Lieber's), i. 24, 27, 28; ii. 11.
Civil war, definition of, ii. 272; Lieb-
er's attitude in the American civil
war, i. 32; also see Military Law
and Secession.
Civilization, origin of, i. 145; origin and
development of its first constituents,
i. 205, 223; causes of, i. 215, 217,
218; standards of (the modes of)
intercommunication, i. 311; cooking
and eating, i. 310; punishment, i.
313; recreation, i. 313; taxation, i.
314; labor, i. 314; teaching, i. 316;
use of machinery, i. 315; position of
woman, i. 315,-in the ancient and
modern worlds contrasted, i. 214;
necessity of starting in its elements
arises out of man's relations to the
material world, i. 213, 215; cannot
expand without commerce, i. 215;
its permanent concomitants, i. 309;
the library as a feature of, i. 317; its
effect on the sounds produced by ani-
mals, i. 463; its main lines of move-
ment, ii. 17; required to build roads
and bridges, i. 311; modern civil-
ization demands entire countries, i.
333.
Classic languages, study of, i. 499–534.
Cobden, Richard, i. 278.
Coke, Sir Edward, character of, i.
259.
Colleges, necessity of religious instruc-
tion in, ii. 525-532. See Education.
Collingwood, Admiral, on flogging in
the navy, i. 263.
Cologne, Chronicle of, i. 105.
Colonization, character of American, ii.
99; main movements of, ii. 17, 18,
21; different species of colonies, ii.
20, 26, 28, 30-40; also see America.
Columbia College, inaugural address
at, i. 329-367; address at Law
School of, i. 369-387; Lieber's con-
nection with, i. 31.
Columbus, his collection of ancient
prophecies of a western continent,
ii. 22.
Commerce, connection with civil lib
erty, i. 324; necessary to the expan-
sion of civilization, i. 217; study of,
i. 292.
Commonwealth of nations, ii. 240.
Communism, i, 289, 363; a feature of
barbarism, i. 365; allied to abso-
lutism, i. 343; annihilates individu-
alism, i. 366, ii. 426; slavery and
communism, ii. 426; hostility to ex-
clusive wedlock, i. 361.
Comte's Catechism of Positive Religion, |
i. 361.
Confederate States, constitution of, ii.
239.
Congress, effect of abolition of slavery
on representation in, ii. 172, 179.
See American Revolution and United
States.
Conquistadores, ii. 20, 28, 30.
Constitutional Law, contributions to, ii.
15-243. (See special subjects.)
Contraband of war, ii. 316, 318, 321.
Contributions to Constitutional Law,
ii. 15-243; to Military Law, ii. 245
-299; to International Law, ii. 301-
367; to Political Science, ii. 369-
495.
Convents, origin of, i. 139; property of,
i. 110; clausura of, i. 109.
Cooper Union, the, i. 302.
Copyright, international, ii. 329-367;
meaning of term, ii. 329, 330; works
of science and fine arts, ii. 330; dra-
matic compositions, ii. 330, 347;
English copyright law, ii. 330; Ger-
man copyright law, ii. 330, 343, 367;
nature of literary property, ii. 331,
337; basis of title to literary pro-
ductions, ii. 337, 339, 341, 350, 351;
literary property by common law, ii.
338; Luther and Hitzig quoted, ii.
338; peculiarities of literary prop-
erty, ii. 341; censorship of books, ii.
342; advance in the recognition of
literary property, ii. 342; in Austria,
ii. 343; where the right to literary
property centres, ii. 343, 346; argu-
ments against international copy-
right, ii. 343, 353, 356; author's
property consists in the composition,
ii. 346; private letters, i. 262; lec-
tures, ii. 347; Kant's theory of copy-
right, ii. 348; difference between the
book and the literary work, ii. 347,
349; Renouard's denial of literary
property, ii. 349; property as predi-
cated of thought, ii. 350; effect of
publication on literary property, ii.
350; mutilated reproductions of
books, ii. 357; reprinting foreign
works, ii. 360; interest of publishers
and public in unauthorized publi-
cations, ii. 361; advantage of inter-
national copyright to American au-
thors, ii. 363; Washington Irving on
international copyright, ii. 365; pas-
sage of international copyright law
urged, ii. 366.
Corruption, not prevented by increase
in number of representatives, ii. 210.
Cortes (Spanish), parliamentary regu-
lations of, i. 134; mistakes of, i. 126.
Courage, i. 107; distinction between
physical and moral, i. 143.
Courvoisier case, i. 254.
Crawford, G. H., Essay on the Settle-
ment of North and South America
quoted, ii. 32.
Criminal law, pardoning power, ii. 185
-191; rehabilitation, ii. 189; suspen-
sion of sentence, ii. 191; verdict of
majority of jury in penal trials advo-
cated, ii. 461-468; "No one should
be tried twice for same offence," ii.
467. See Penology and Pardon.
Crown, influence of, i. 109.
Curran, as an advocate, i. 252.
Dante, i. 146, 241, 242.
Deaf-mutes, subject considered in essay
on Laura Bridgman, i. 443-497.
Declaration of Independence, ii. 69-
85, 235; its signers, ii. 74; as a bill
of rights, ii. 74; the equality meant
by, ii. 76; right of immigration, ii.
80; national spirit of, ii. 160.
Demosthenes, on influence of distrust
in a commonwealth, i. 198.
Deserre, Count, i. 106, 107.
De Witt, Cornelius, ii. 400.
Dictator, was Napoleon a dictator?—
i. 415.
Discovery, right of, ii. 26, 28.
District of Columbia, formation of, ii.
305, 306.
Distrust, necessary to the preservation
of a free state, i. 198.
Domestication, influence of, i. 109.
Dublin library, foundation of, i. 179.
Dutch language, i. 88.
Duty and right, twin ideas, i. 356; duty
as an element of civil right, ii. 9.
Economic arts, origin and advance of,
i. 208, 288; study of, i. 288.
Education, object and aims of, i. 181,
501; relation of instructors and
scholars, i. 182, 275; mode of teach-
ing a standard of civilization, i. 316;
in what does sound education con-
sist, ii. 515; necessity of continued
self-education, i. 281-295; difference
between instruction and knowledge,
i. 284; college education, i. 335;
need of a national university, i. 33o,
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