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VISITS ABROAD.

Among the Bulgarians, Roumanians, and Ser to move from one place to another is very stro grows largely out of the economic motive, the d profitable work, but aside from this there also s among these races to seek change of work and en isfying this inclination to change, a large part lost in paying transportation and fees of labor ag

AGE CLASSIFICATION OF MEMBERS OF H

The table next presented shows, by sex and and race of head of household, the per cent of pe holds studied, within each age group:

TABLE 627.-Per cent of persons within each age group, by sex a race of head of household.

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Of the total number of foreign-born persons stu munity, it is seen from the preceding table that 89 Bulgarians are from 20 to 44 years of age, the 1 being from 20 to 29 years old. The Bulgarians ha children in the households studied and very few years of age. On the other hand, although 68.9 Magyars are between the ages of 20 and 44 years percentage, as in the case of the Bulgarians, are

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cent of children under 6 years of age and 3.6 per cent from years old. The Magyars also have a larger proportion of ho are more than 45 years old. As regards the males, the roportions both of the Bulgarians and Magyars are 20 to of age, the next highest percentage shown by the households ace being between 30 and 34 years old. The Magyars, in with the Bulgarians, also show a considerable proportion of der 6 years of age and a small proportion between the ages 13 years. Of the 6 Bulgarian females 4 are between the ages 144 years, while the remaining 2 are under 6 years of age. ther hand, 16.4 per cent of the Magyar females are between 9 years old, 37 per cent between 20 and 29 years, and 19.2 between 30 and 44 years old; 17.8 per cent of the Magyar are also under 6 years of age.

96°-VOL 9-11- -8

CHAPTER VIII.

IMMIGRANT SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS.

houses-Newspapers-Systems of control-Churches and church work.

MERCANTILE HOUSES.

liar form of business organization exists among the aliens ne immigrant sections of the towns and in Hungary Hollow. s in uniting under one head all the different forms of busirprise which are conducted in the community and really the attempt on the part of one business house to satisfy ants of the people. One concern not only supplies bread, othes, and other necessities of life, but also intoxicants, lls, summer gardens, billiard and pool halls, banking facilieven the weekly newspaper. Profits are secured from g the whole possible scale of wants on the part of the alien

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business organizations are termed "mercantile houses," 7 consist of a number of separate enterprises united under ral management somewhat like an American holding comth subsidiary corporations. In the case of the mercantile the business of the concern centers in the banks. These hich are practically only one part of the firm's business, central point of management, as a clearing house, and as a of coordinating all the different interests of the concern. inesses are not incorporated and are usually owned by one a group of men under an informal partnership. A typical this description will own a number of brick buildings, located in different sections but usually grouped together, the ground which are used to house its different stores and enterprises, upper floors-sometimes containing more than 50 roomsed for living purposes. The extent of the business conducted seen from an examination of the following list of undertakch may be owned and managed by a typical mercantile house:

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stores of these concerns, especially the grocery stores, are as not better than the average American store, and the saloons counterpart of the average American saloon. The bakeries

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capacity of 400 to 700 loaves per day. So far as ness is concerned, the mercantile house of course rooms, and those in Hungary Hollow usually ov tages and act as agents for American real estat extensive holdings in adjacent lands and cottag agency element in the business is simply an agen portation on the different Atlantic steamship mercantile houses receive a commission. It i however, that, by taking advantage of his ignoran the purchaser of the ticket a commission.

The coffeehouses are of the same kind as those localities and are modeled after similar insti They are intended to cater to the tastes and habi Armenians, and Roumanians who do not patro saloon or drink intoxicants after the manner of the Magyars, and the members of other races. The c ally large, well-lighted rooms, furnished with sm chairs. Tobacco in all its forms, including even to be had, and tea, coffee, cider, soft drinks, and i The walls are decorated with cheap pictures of rep women, scenes, and events in Macedonia and Bulga is always at hand. These institutions are prima dezvous and social resort for the alien population. Americanization by segregating the alien populat contact with Americans and American habits, anWorld customs and institutions.

The immigrant bank, as mentioned before, is t ing and executive office of the mercantile house. accounts are here brought together from the vari cerns and collected. The steamship and real es conducted in direct connection with it. In addi tions a banking business is carried on somewhat si can system of banking. Deposits are received sul the usual American plan. A copy of the deposit is presented herewith:

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