26 states give the pharmacists power to interchange certificates, by the payment of a prescribed fee ranging in price from $2.00 to $20.00. 3 states limit the interchange to pharmacy graduates only. 3 states received from itinerary vendors of drugs and medicines, an annual license fee of $100; Montana charges $50.00, and California $200, while Illinois places this fee at not less than $50, nor more than $100 per month. Two states grant permission to one dealer in town 3 miles or more from a drug store the right to sell drugs and dispense prescriptions, charging an annual license for the same of $3.00.

In another state, the pharmacy commissioners may grant a permit to one person in town of 200 population or less, to sell drugs and proprietary medicines only, and charge for this fee $5.00 annually.

In another state, the pharmacy commissioners may license one dealer in towns having no drug store, giving them the same privileges, but increase the fee to $15.00 annually. Two states charge an annual fee of $1.00 for the privilege of selling insecticides by others than pharmacists. The secretary of the Board of Pharmacy in two states receive a salary of $1,500 per annum; and in Illinois $2,500 per annum; neither of these shall be a member of the Board. Three other states pay the Secretary of the Pharmacy Board $500 per annum and expenses; Montana $150 and expenses; Pennsylvania $450; North Carolina $30 per month; Michigan $900 per year and in addition pays the Treasurer of the Board $250. Kansas $600 and expenses annually; the State of Washington $300 a year; Massachusetts $1,000 and expenses and also pays their agent $2,400 and a stenographer $1,500. Florida and California pay their Secretary on a percentage basis; the former receiving 25 per cent. of the gross receipts, and the latter 10 per cent. of the same. Deleware, Nevada and Nebraska and Minnesota compel their secretaries to serve without any compensation whatever.

In order to sell liquors in the State of Massachusetts it is necessary for pharmacists to obtain a certificate of character from the pharmacy commissioners and require the applicant who wishes to purchase the same, to present an application, stating his name, age, residence, etc., together with the use for which it is intended; which application must be sworn to by him and the pharmacist must keep a record of the same in a book kept for that purpose.

In North Dakota the law is even more stringent. The pharmacist must receive a permit from the Judge of the County Court where he does business, and, before applying for the same, he must obtain consent in writing from 60 per cent. of the freeholders and 50 per cent. of the women in the wards or township in which he does business, and the value of drugs and sundries kept in stock by him must equal the sum of $2,000, and he must file a bond of $1,000 with the Clerk of the County Court that he will perform compliance with the law. All sales of liquors made by

him must be upon a sworn statement by the applicant to the pharmacist who shall keep a record of all such sales so made, and shall transmit to the Clerk of the County Court each month on or before the 10th, a copy of all such sales so made, which shall be sworn to by him. The Secretary of the Pharmacy Board writes me that this is a very unsatisfactory law in many respects.

In New York State the holder of a liquor tax certificate may sell liquors on the written prescription of a physician which shall state the name of the person for whom prescribed and shall be preserved by the vendor, pasted in a book kept for that purpose, and which liquor shall not be drunk on the premises where sold, or in any outbuilding, yard, booth or garden appertaining thereto. The holder of such liquor tax certificate may sell alcohol for medicinal or mechanical purposes, except during prohibited hours, without a prescription. The fee for this license shall be $7.50 annually.

The State of Georgia has a general prohibition law, but local option prohibition laws for nearly every country. The Secretary says they have 243 counties, and only the large towns are wet, some half dozen he thinks, he does not remember the exact number.

In the State of Pennsylvania the sale of liquors is restricted or regulated by the Brooks High License Law, under which pharmacists may only sell liquors on the prescription of a recognized physician, and these must not be repeated.

In the State of Deleware, pharmacists must apply to the Judge of the County Court for the privilege of selling liquors just the same as any saloon keeper; the fee is $25.00 if the court see fit to grant it; and, should this be granted the sales must be confined to physician's prescriptions, must not be repeated, and must be recorded in a book kept for that purpose.

The State of Michigan requires the sale of liquor by pharmacists to be treated exactly the same as the sale of medicines and poisons. They' shall be registered in a book kept for that purpose, giving the name of applicant, address, quantity purchased, and purpose for which it is intended and said book shall be kept for at least one year.

The Kansas Supreme Court declares that the General Statutes require druggists having a license to sell intoxicationg liquors to do so only upon an affidavit made by the applicant and subscribed in ink, these are mandatory, and a sale made for medicinal purposes without complying with this law is a criminal offense.

In Nebraska the sale of liquors is regulated by the Slocum Law socalled. This on the part of the pharmacists require that they, in order to sell liquors of any kind, must first secure the recommendation of 30 resident freeholders in the ward in which the applicant does business; to furnish a bond of $5,000 to perform compliance with the law; and the

pharmacist shall keep a record of all sales or even given away. There is no charge for this permit in most places, but it is regulated by each town or city, whether they charge for the same or not.

In Washington, D. C., druggists are not compelled to take out license to sell liquors, but are only allowed to furnish the same on a physician's prescription, a record of which must be preserved and said prescriptions must not be refilled. As a result of this law, the best pharmacists do not carry liquors in stock, and while it very materially decreases the income of the stores, we are better off without the promiscuous sale of this article, writes the secretary.

The Secretary of the Washington State Board of Pharmacy, writęs me and says: "Personally, I hope to see the day when our profession shall have been relieved of the annoying responsibility of handling liquors for any sort or purpose at all. Some 20 years in this work has taught me that the conditions of the State of Denmark as far as our business is concerned, can be summed up speedily and with close adherence to truth, in two words 'Booze' and 'Dope.' Whenever the spinal column of our profession shall have acquired the rigidity necessary, then registration and non-registration and a whole string of evils pertaining thereto shall pass away. All hail to its dawning!"

to any.

The State of Maryland has a pharmacy law equal in most respects The last section, however, reads as follows: Provided, however, that the provisions of this Act shall ir. no way apply to Talbott County. In looking up the list of cities and towns in Talbott County, I find that there are 12 cities and 13 towns.

The State of Virginia also has a queer amendment to its pharmacy law. Section 31 reads: An Act to require the Board of Pharmacy to register certain persons who failed to avail themselves of the requirements of the Act of March 3rd, 1886, and amended March 3rd, 1887, and to permit such persons to practice pharmacy in the State of Virginia as registered pharmacists without examination. Approved February 16th, 1901.

Oklahoma and Wisconsin have the following law:

No practicing physician or surgeon shall write or cause to be written any recipe or prescription in any characters, figures, or ciphers, other than the English or Latin languages, generally in use among medical practitioners, and for every violation hereof the offender shall forfeit not less than $5.00 or more than $25.00. Any physician or another who while in a state of intoxication shall prescribe poison for any person or persons shall be punishable by imprisonment for one year or fined not more than $500, or both.

Illinois has an apprenticeship registration Act which compels the pharmacists employing a boy in his store for the purpose of learning the profession of pharmacy, to register him with the State Board of Phar

macy. The said board must examine him to establish his educational ability, and his date of experience in such pharmacy before he shall be eligible to take any examination before the State Pharmacy Board, shall date from the time he so registered.

Three states divide the funds received from violations of the pharmacy law between the State Pharmacy Board and the School District in which the offense was committed.

The State of California has the following law:

No person employed by any person, firm or corporation, shall for more than an average of 10 hours a day or 60 hours a week, for 6 consecutive calendar days, perform the work of selling drugs or other medicines or compounding physicians prescriptions in any store, establishment or place of business where and in which drugs and medicines are sold at retail and where and in such, physicians prescriptions are compounded, provided, that the answering of and attending to emergency calls shall not be construed as a violation of this Act. Section II. No person, firm or corporation employing another person to do work which consists wholly or in part of selling at retail drugs or medicine, or of compounding physician's prescriptions in any store or establishment or place of business where or in such medicined are sold and where and in such physician's prescriptions are compounded, shall require or permit said em ployed person to perform such work for more than an average of 10 hours a day or 60 hours aweek of 6 consecutive calendar days. A fine for a violation is not less than $20 nor more than $50 or by imprisonment not exceeding 60 days, or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court.

MR. WILLIAMS: I was very much interested in that paper. An interesting thing would be to know how far those laws and restrictions that have taken away the medicinal sale of spirituous liquors from the apothecary have gone to prevent those sales, or prevent the use of spirituous liquors which are supposed to be medicinal. I think that thing has been threshed out so many times. They are assumed to be. The way I read it, we have got the biggest crop in this country of intemperate temperance men that ever grew. They seem to think that the placing of law on the statute books will make an intemperate man temperate. So far as we can find, there is just as much liquor, and even more, where these laws are; and it has cultivated an immense crop of hypocrites; and has made it so difficult for those who need its use to get it. They are driven to saloons, and obliged

to obtain an inferior article to what apothecaries do and should furnish their customers.

THE PRESIDENT: Gentlemen, what action do you wish to take in regard to those facts in the paper of Mr. Walker?

MR. WILCOX: I move the paper be accepted, and a vote of thanks given to Mr. Walker for his great efforts in behalf of the Association; and that it be printed in the Proceedings. (Voted.)

THE PRESIDENT: Is there any other gentleman present has any paper he would like to read under this head? If not, we will close under the Section on Scientific Papers. There are a few minor matters here we would like to dispose of before we open the Section on Legislation. I would appoint as a committee to bring in a list of names to be presented to the Governor for Pharmacy Commissioner the following:

COMMITTEE TO NOMINATE PHARMACY COMMISSIONERS. CHARLES FLEISCHNER

THE PRESIDENT:

A. L. DICKINSON
CURTISS P. GLADDING

D. G. SULLIVAN
HORACE DAboll

M. J. KEANE

K. O. CYRUS
JAMES DORAN

will state there was a prize offered consisting of a copy of the United States Pharmacopoeia, (and it will be proper to leave that in the hands of Dr. Bolles,) for the best paper read at our meeting.

THE PRESIDENT: To go back now to the election of members. (List read as posted.)

MR. LEVERTY: I move you that the Secretary cast the vote of the Association for the list of names as read. (Voted, ballot cast, and candidates declared elected accordingly.)

THE SECRETARY: I have a telegram here from our old friend John W. Lowe.