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The total value of all railroad cars constructed in all establishments throughout the United States, in 1909, was $102,137,396. The value of the steam-railroad cars was $94,874,287: Of these for passenger service were built 1,819 cars, valued at $15,120,961; for freight service, 96,648 cars, valued at $79,753,326. Of street-railroad cars, which were chiefly electric, there were built 2,772 cars, valued at $7,263,109.

STEAM-RAILROAD CARS.

The total value of the products of this industry in the United States, in 1909, was $123,729,627. Of steam-railroad cars for the passenger service there were constructed 1,601 cars, valued at $13,829,607: of this class there were built 216 baggage and express cars, valued at $1,105,779; 95 mail cars, valued at $600,912; 957 passenger cars, valued at $7,209,425; the chair, dining and buffet, parlor, sleeping, and all other cars, amounted to 333, valued at $4,913,491. For the freight service the number of cars constructed, totaled 73,177, valued at $61,691,825; Of these there were 29,728 box cars, valued at $23,982,446; 11,473 coal and coke, valued at $9,419,655; 3,232 flat cars, valued at $2,033,801; 900 fruit cars, valued at $784,476; 90 furniture cars, valued at $70,515; 19,607 gondola or ore, valued at $18,128,186: 2,618 refrigerator cars, valued at $2,747,957; 2,349 stock cars, valued at $1,586,008; 537 caboose, valued at $525,605; 2.643 other cars, valued at $2,413,176. There were also built 603 street-railroad cars, valued at $2,023,922: Of these 558 were passenger cars, valued at $1,903,317; 45 other cars, valued at $120,605.

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CARS, STREET-RAILROAD.

The total value of the products of this industry in the United States, in 1909, was $7,809,866. There were constructed 1,922 electric-railroad cars, valued at $4.602,435: Of these there were 1,323 closed cars, valued at $3,500.781; 369 combination cars, valued at $704,309; 95 open cars, valued at $141,008; 92 freight, express, and mail cars, valued at $179.293; of all other varieties, 43, valued at $77,044. There were steam-railroad cars built for freight service, 167, all classes--valued at $111,813.

SHIPBUILDING, INCLUDING BOAT

BUILDING.

The total value of work done on the different classes of water craft, not in Govern-、 ment establishments, the value of the repair work, and all other products of the shipbuilding industry, in 1909, was $73,360,315. Work done during the year on vessels and boats, amounted to $42,310,925; vessels of 5 gross tons and over, $37,718,018; boats of less than 5 gross tons, $4,592,907; repair work, $26,678,643.

BICYCLES, MOTORCYCLES, AND PARTS.

The total value of bicycles and motorcycles, and parts, manufactured in the United States in 1909, was $10,698,567. 168,824 bicycles were manufactured, valued at $2,436,996; 18,628 motorcycles were made, their value being $3,015,988.

AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY.

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Steam.

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Gasoline.

Electric.

$249,202,075

164.269, 324 153.529.653

352, 121 28.030, 479 27, 116, 901

648 630 264,948

113.403, 188

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126.593 120, 393

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150,039,301

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149.530 232

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CARRIAGES AND WAGONS AND
MATERIALS.

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were

CARS AND GENERAL SHOP CONSTRUC-
TION AND REPAIRS BY STREET-
RAILROAD COMPANIES.

The total value of carriages and wagons and materials manufactured in the United States, The cars and general shop construction and in 1909, was $159,892,547. Of carriages made (family and pleasure) repairs by street-railroad companies in 1909, The reached a total value of $31,962,561. 587,685 828,411, valued at $47,756,118; value of the motive power and machinery dewagons, valued at $39,932,910, were manufactured; of these 154,631 were business partment, was $4,510,332. The value of the wagons, value being $16,440,816; repairs to motors, etc., was $4,004,336. The 429,952 farm wagons, valued at $22,615,875; value of the car department was $25,835,463. the remainder, government, municipal, etc., The value of all the cars built was $626,752: 3,102, valued at $876,219. Of public conOf these there were 129 passenger cars, veyances (cabs, hacks, hansoms, hotel coaches. valued at $498,709; 63 freight cars, valued at omnibuses, etc.), 2,243 were manufactured, $59,102; of all other cars there were 51 built, valued at $939,267; 100,899 sleighs and sleds, valued at $68,941. valued at $2,065,850.

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The total value of these products for the year 1909, was $168,895,365. The value of the brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products, was $136,387,846; of common brick there were 9,787,671 thousand, valued at $57,216,789; of fire brick, 838,167 thousand, valued at $16,620,695; of the vitrified, paving, etc., 1,023,654 thousand, valued at $11,269,586; front, including fancy colored and fancy or ornamental brick, 821,641 thousand, valued at $9,886,292; the sand lime brick used had a value of $1,150,580; the enameled brick were valued at $993,902; the value of the drain tile was $9,798,978; the sewer pipe used was valued at $10,322,324; the value of the architectural terra-cotta was $6,251,625; the fireproofing, terra-cotta lumber and hollow building tile, or blocks, was valued at $4,466,708; the value of the tile, not drain, was $5,291,963; the value of the stove lining was $423,583; other material, valued at $2,694,821. The value of the pottery manufactured was $31,048,341.

BUILDING OPERATIONS.

In 1911 the total cost of buildings, according to reports of municipal authorities to the Bureau of Statistics, was $702,143,956, against $726,436,975 in 1910. The total number of permits for the latter year was 192,978.

CEMENT.

The total value of the cement product in 1909, for the United States, was $63,205,455. There were manufactured 66,689,715 barrels of cement, valued at $53,610,563; of this 64,991,431 barrels was Portland, valued at $52,858,354: 1,537,638 was natural, valued at $652,756; 160,646 barrels puzzo.an, valued at $99,453. The value of all other products of this industry, was $9,594,892.

GLASS.

The total cost of the materials used in the manufacture of glass, in 1909, amounted to $32,119,499, while the total value of these products was $92,095,203 Of this amount the value of building glass aggregated $26,308,438; included under this head are 6,921,611 50-foot boxes of window glass, valued at $11,742,959; also included in this division is plate glass, of

Of

which there was cast a total of 60,105,694 square feet; of this amount 47,370,254 square feet was polished glass, valued at $12,204,875; the remainder, rough glass, made for sale,205,690 square feet, valued at $37,431. cathedral glass there were 7,405,980 square feet, valued at $569.848; 15,409,966 square feet of skylight glass, valued at $788,726. The value of the pressed and blown glass was $27,398,445; Of this goods there was manufactured tableware, 100 pieces, 1,286,056 sets; jellies, tumblers, and goblets, 11,687,036 dozen; lamps, 322,482 dozen; chimneys, 6,652,967 dozen; lantern globes, 952,620 dozen; globes and other electrical goods, 11,738,798 dozen; shades, globes, and other gas goods, 1,541,449 dozen; blown tumblers, stem ware, and bar goods, 9,182,060 dozen; opal ware, 3,095,666 dozen; cut ware, 206,336 dozen. The value of the bottles and jars manufactured, was $36,018,333. Of prescriptions, vials, and druggists' wares, 3,624,022 gross were made; 2,345, 204 gross of beer, soda and mineral glassware; 1,887,344 gross of liquors and flasks; 440,302 gross milk jars; 1,124,485 gross fruit jars; of battery jars and other electrical goods, 9,981 gross; of patent and proprietary glassware, 1,637,798 gross; of packers and preservers, 1,237,175 gross; of demijohns and carboys, 122,570 dozen.

ARTIFICIAL ICE,

The total cost of the materials used in establishments for the manufacture of ice, in 1909, was $1,021,913. By the compressor system there were used 3,097,191 pounds of anhydrous, costing $826,222. By the absorption system there were used 369,093 pounds of anhydrous, valued at $100,283. There were also used 1,670,698 pounds of aqua, valued at $95,408.

The total value of the ice products for the year 1909 was $42,953,055. Of the ice itself there was 12,647,949 tons (2,000 pounds each), valued at $39,889,263: Of the can ice. 11,671,547 tons (2,000 pounds), valued at $37,085,533; of the plate ice. 976,402 tons (2,000 pounds), valued at $2,803,730.

The first permanent electric railway was operated near Berlin in 1881, and the first permanent elevated electric railway was operated in Chicago 1895,

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A MAMMOTH OFFICE BUILDING DISSECTED, THE WHITEHALL BUILDING.

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