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(c) in the demilitarized zone of Bulgarian territory a total of 2,500 men. Their armament shall be composed only of revolvers, swords, rifles and four Lewis guns per 100 men, and will exclude any artillery.

These provisions shall not affect the obligations incurred by Bulgaria under the Treaty of Neuilly of the 27th November, 1919.

(3) Military or naval aircraft of any flag whatsoever are forbidden to fly over the demilitarized zone.

ARTICLE 4

In the event of one of the bordering Powers whose territory forms the subject of the present convention having any complaint to make respecting the observance of the preceding provisions, this complaint shall be brought by that Power before the Council of the League of Nations.

ARTICLE 5

The present convention shall be ratified.

The ratifications shall be deposited at Paris as soon as possible. The convention shall come into force as soon as Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey shall respectively have ratified it.

These ratifications shall be recorded in a special procès-verbal. In so far as concerns the other Powers which have not at that date ratified the convention, it shall come into force as from the date on which they deposit their respective ratifications, which deposit shall be notified to the other contracting Powers by the Government of the French Republic.

The Japanese Government shall be entitled merely to inform the Government of the French Republic, through their diplomatic representative in Paris, that ratification has been given, and in that event the Japanese Government shall forward the instrument of ratification as soon as possible.

In faith whereof the above-mentioned plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention.

Done at Lausanne, the 24th July, 1923, in a single copy, which shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the French Republic, which will transmit a certified copy thereof to each of the signatory Powers.

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OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS

TREATY WITH TURKEY AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS
SIGNED AT LAUSANNE, JULY 24, 19231

IV. CONVENTION RESPECTING CONDITIONS OF RESIDENCE
AND BUSINESS AND JURISDICTION

The British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, Greece, Roumania and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, of the one part, and Turkey, of the other part; Being desirous of prescribing, in accordance with modern international law, the conditions under which nationals of the other contracting Powers may settle in Turkey and Turkish nationals may settle in the territory of those Powers, as well as certain questions relating to jurisdiction,

Have decided to conclude a convention to this effect, and have appointed as their plenipotentiaries:

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND AND OF THE BRITISH DOMINIONS BEYOND THE SEAS, EMPEROR OF INDIA:

The Right Honorable Sir Horace George Montagu Rumbold, Baronet,
G.C.M.G., High Commissioner at Constantinople;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC:

General Maurice Pellé, Ambassador of France, High Commissioner of the Republic in the East, Grand Officer of the National Order of the Legion of Honor;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF ITALY:

The Honorable Marquis Camillo Garroni, Senator of the Kingdom,
Ambassador of Italy, High Commissioner at Constantinople, Grand
Cross of the Orders of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, and of the
Crown of Italy;

M. Giulio Cesare Montagna, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni-
potentiary at Athens, Commander of the Order of Saints Maurice
and Lazarus, Grand Officer of the Crown of Italy;

HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN:

Mr. Kentaro Otchiai, Jusammi, First Class of the Order of the Rising
Sun, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary at Rome;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE HELLENES:

M. Eleftherios K. Veniselos, formerly President of the Council of
Ministers, Grand Cross of the Order of the Savior;

1 British Treaty Series, No. 16 (1923). See SUPPLEMENT to this JOURNAL for January, 1924, p. 1, for preceding documents.

67

M. Demetrios Caclamanos, Minister Plenipotentiary at London, Com

mander of the Order of the Savior;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF ROUMANIA:

M. Constantine I. Diamandy, Minister Plenipotentiary;

M. Constantine Contzesco, Minister Plenipotentiary;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE SERBS, THE CROATS AND THE SLOVENES: Dr. Miloutine Yovanovitch, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Berne;

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GRAND NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF TURKEY: Ismet Pasha, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Deputy for Adrianople; Dr. Riza Nour Bey, Minister for Health and for Public Assistance, Deputy for Sinope;

Hassan Bey, formerly Minister, Deputy for Trebizond;

Who, having produced their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed as follows:

CHAPTER I. - CONDITIONS OF RESIDENCE AND BUSINESS

ARTICLE 1

The application in Turkey of each of the provisions of this chapter to nationals and corporations of the other contracting Powers is expressly subject to complete reciprocity being accorded to Turkish nationals and corporations in the territories of the said Powers.

Should one of these Powers refuse, in consequence of a provision in its law or for another reason, to accord reciprocity in respect of any such provision, its nationals and corporations will not be entitled to benefit by such provision in Turkey.

For the purposes of this article each of the dominions, colonies and countries under the protection or authority of the contracting Powers will be considered as a separate contracting country.

SECTION I.-ENTRY AND RESIDENCE

ARTICLE 2

In Turkey the nationals of the other contracting Powers will be received and treated, both as regards their persons and property, in accordance with ordinary international law. They will enjoy in Turkey the complete and constant protection of the local law and authorities for their persons, their property, rights and interests. Without prejudice to the provisions respecting immigration, they will have complete freedom to enter and establish themselves in Turkey, and may accordingly come, go and reside there, subject to compliance with the laws and regulations in force.

ARTICLE 3

In Turkey the nationals of the other contracting Powers will have the right to acquire, to possess and to dispose of all kinds of property both movable and immovable, subject to compliance with the local laws and regulations; they will in particular be able to dispose thereof by sale, exchange, gift, testamentary disposition, or in any other way, and to take possession by inheritance in accordance with the law, or under dispositions inter vivos or by will.

ARTICLE 4

The admission in Turkey of nationals of the other contracting Powers to the different forms of commerce, professions and industry, and reciprocally the admission, in the territories of the said Powers, of Turkish nationals to the different forms of commerce, professions and industry, will form the subject of separate conventions to be concluded between Turkey and the said Powers within twelve months from the coming into force of the present convention.

It is understood that, pending the conclusion of the said conventions, the status quo as on the 1st January, 1923, will be maintained, and that if any such convention has not been concluded at the end of the said period of twelve months each of the contracting Powers concerned will recover its freedom of action, subject to the rights acquired by individuals before the 1st January, 1923, being respected.

ARTICLE 5

In Turkey, commercial, industrial and financial corporations including transport and insurance corporations, which are regularly incorporated on the territory of any one of the other contracting Powers, shall be recognized. In all matters relating to their constitution, their legal capacity and their right to sue and be sued, they will be treated in accordance with their national law.

They will have the right to establish themselves in Turkish territory and to engage in all forms of commerce and industry in which nationals of the country where they were incorporated may engage, and which are not forbidden in Turkey to Turkish corporations. They will have the right freely to conduct their affairs in Turkey, subject to compliance with the prescriptions relating to public order, and will enjoy in this respect the same rights as any similar Turkish corporation.

They will have the right to acquire, to possess and to dispose of all kinds of movable property, subject to compliance with the local laws and regulations. They will have a similar right as regards immovable property which is necessary for the operations of the corporation, provided, in this case, that the acquisition of such property does not constitute the object of the corporation's existence.

ARTICLE 6

In Turkey the nationals of the other contracting Powers will not be subject to the laws relating to military service. They will be exempt from any

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