Chart 1. Rates of Change in Unit Labor Costs in Manufacturing, National Currency Basis, 1950-72 135 10 5 4.8 U.S. Can. Japan Belg. Fr. Ger., Italy Neth. Swed. Switz. U.K. 1960 to 1965 U.S. Can. Japan Belg. Fr. Ger. Italy Neth. Swed. Switz. U.K. Chart 3. Rates of Change in Output per Man-Hour 15 1960 to 1972 10 5 4.4 3.1 10.4 6.6 5.8 5.8 6.0 7.2 7.1 4.2 ២០០០០០០០០៧ U.S. Can. Japan Belg. Fr. Ger. Italy Neth. Swed. Switz. U.K. 20 1960 to 1965 15 Chart 4. Rates of Change in Hourly Compensation 20 U.S. Can. Japan Belg. Fr. Ger. Italy Neth. Swed. Switz. U.K. 1970 to 1972 16.0 15.3 15 10 13.3 11.8 12.3 8.8 6.5 5 16.4 9.8 12.6 12.8 6000000Cong U.S. Can. Japan Belg. Fr. Ger. Italy Neth. Swed. Switz. U.K. Secretary DENT. Mr. Chairman, rarely do you find this degree of confidence by Labor, that they leave Commerce to take care of their interests. Secretary BRENNAN. We trust you, Fred. I will leave my shillelagh here. If we can be of any other help, Mr. Chairman, we will be glad to provide anything available. Mr. BURKE. Thank you. Mr. Corman, do you have some questions? Mr. CORMAN. Yes, sir. Mr. Secretary, with either voluntary import quotas or where we have government-imposed import quotas, I have grave concern not about the overall picture, but the impact on individuals in the community. There is always a conflict among American businessmen. The conflict will be affected by what the President does in attempting to expand trade because we will be making concessions, or we will be imposing restrictions, and those things have a direct impact and a lifeor-death impact on a few people. I would hope that we might in this legislation evolve something in the nature of due process so that people within the business community at least have some opportunity to make their case when these decisions are to be made, because they really are very substantial from the point of view of individual entrepreneurs in this country. Is that a fair worry? Secretary DENT. I think we should always be worried about the businessmen. I will give you some reassurance, however, in expressing the belief that the segment of American business which is probably the most enthusiastic for the passage of this legislation is the retail federation. Mr. CORMAN. I am sure that they are convinced it will be used for freer trade, that is accurate. I am not sure that some of the others would be as enthusiastic if they were as confident as the retailers that this will be a free trade bill. It certainly lends itself to being free trade or fairly restrictive. Depending on your audience, you stress which it is going to be. Secretary DENT. I think if you will read the President's message that accompanied the bill, but more importantly look at his actionsduring the first term-where he did so much to create a lowering of tensions around this globe, I think that his record would indicate that his leadership is headed in one direction, which is obviously to open up the world to all sorts of communication as well as commercial communication. I think that this is perhaps the most confidence-building thing in the record as to what his commitment is. Mr. CORMAN. Let us look just a minute at our own nontariff barriers and what authority the President is going to have under this bill to negotiate those away in exchange for the removal of nontariff barriers abroad. As I understand the situation, a substantial portion of our own nontariff barriers are a matter of State law. What authority is he going to have to negotiate those? Secretary DENT. The bill involves authority to carry out any trade agreement related to methods of customs valuations; quantities on which assessments are made; and, with respect to marketing requirements of country of origins. Now, beyond that, he would have to submit to the Congress any proposed nontariff barrier agreement for consideration before he signs |