APPENDIX E.-THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE LETTER TO THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE OF MARCH 29, 1960.' (QUOTED IN PART)

Similar declarations might apply with equal pertinency across the entire weapons spectrum, and no reason is perceived why biological and chemical weapons should be singled out for this special declaration. Whether the use of any major type of weapons should be initiated is a matter to be decided at the highest levels of Government in the light of the Nation's longstanding policies and principles, its international obligations, and the emergent situations it will confront. Effective controls on biological and chemical weapons, as in the case of other weapons, may have to await international agreements with necessary safeguards.

It must be considered that biological and chemical weapons might be used with great effect against the United States in a future conflict. Available evidence indicates that other countries, including Communist regimes, are actively pursuing programs in this field. Moreover, as research continues, there is increasing evidence that some forms of these weapons, differing from previous forms, could be effectively used for defensive purposes with minimum collateral consequences. These considerations argue strongly against the proposed resolution which appears to introduce uncertainty into the necessary planning of the Department of Defense in preparing to meet possible hostile actions of all kinds.

The Department of Defense therefore does not recommend the adoption of House Concurrent Resolution 433.

1 Chemical-Biological-Radiological (CBR) Warfare and Its Disarmament Aspects, a study prepared by the Subcommittee on Disarmament of the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, Aug. 29, 1960, 86th Cong., second sess. (pp. 21-22).

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APPENDIX F.-THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE LETTER TO THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE OF APRIL 11, 1960. (QUOTED IN PART)

As a member of the United Nations, the United States, as are all other members, is committed to refrain from the use, not only of biological and chemical weapons, but the use of force of any kind in a manner contrary to that organization's charter. Moreover, the United States in continuing its efforts to control weapons through enforceable international disarmament agreements.

Of course, we must recognize our responsibilities toward our own free world's security. These responsibilities involve, among other things, the maintenance of an adequate defensive posture across the entire weapons spectrum, which will allow us to defend against acts of aggression in such a manner as the President may direct. Accordingly, the Department believes that the resolution should not be adopted.

Chemical-Biological-Radiological (CBR) Warfare and Its Disarmament Aspects, a study prepared by the Subcommittee on Disarmament of the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, Aug. 29, 1960, 86th Congress, Second Session (pp. 21-22).

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