second part, his executors, administrators or assigns, or his or their counsel in the law, shall be reasonably advised or required.

And that the said party of the first part, his executors, administrators or assigns, shall and will, from time to time, until default in payment of the said principal sum or the interest thereof, and until the said party of the second part shall enter into possession of the said premises as aforesaid, well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, the said yearly rent by the said Indenture of Lease reserved, and all taxes payable on the said premises, and perform and keep all the lessee's covenants and agreements in the said lease contained, and indemnify and save harmless the said party of the second part therefrom, and from all loss, costs, charges, damages, and expenses in respect thereof.

And also shall and will, from time to time, and at all times hereafter, so long as the said principal money and interest, or any part thereof, shall remain due on this security, insure and keep insured the buildings erected or to be erected on the land hereby assigned, or any part thereof, against loss or damage by fire, in some Insurance Office, to be approved of by the party of the second part, in the full amount here by secured, at the least, and, at the expense of the said party of the first part, immediately assign the Policy, and all benefit thereof, to the said party of the second part, his executors, administrators and assigns, as additional security for the payment of the principal money and interest hereby secured; and that in default of such in

surance it shall be lawful for the said party of the second part, his executors, administrators, or assigns, to effect the same, and the premium or premiums paid therefor shall be a charge or lien on the said premises hereby assigned, which shall not be redeemed or redeemable until payment thereof, in addition to the said principal money and interest as aforesaid.

Provided, lastly, that until default in payment of the said principal money and interest hereby secured, it shall be lawful for the said party of the first part, his executors, administrators or assigns, to hold, occupy, possess and enjoy the said lands and premises hereby assigned, with the appurtenances, without any molestation, interruption or disturbance of, from or by the said party of the second part, his executors, administrators or assigns, or any person or persons claiming or to claim by, from, through, under or in trust for him, them, or any of them

In witness whereof, the said parties to these presents have hereunto set their hands and seals, the day and year first above written.

Signed, sealed and delivered

in the presence of

Y. Z.

A. B. [L.S.]

C. D. [L.S.]

Received on the date hereof, the sum of $

being the full consideration above mentioned.

Witness,
Y. Z.

A. B.

CHAPTER XVI.

NATURALIZATION.

The residents in every country, are divided into three classes they are either aliens, denizens or natives. An alien is a foreigner, (that is, one born in a foreign country), who has not been naturalized. A denizen is a foreigner, who is resident in some country other than that in which he was born, and has acquired certain civil rights in the country of his adoption. A native, is one born in the country in which he is resident.

Naturalization then, is the process by which an alien, or foreigner, is transformed into a denizen, and thereby becomes entitled to certain of the privileges of a native born subject. In Canada, a denizen, or person duly naturalized, is entitled to all the privileges, rights and capacities, of a natural born subject of the British Crown.

The law at present affecting aliens, who desire to be naturalized, is to be found in the act passed in the Dominion Parliament, in 1868: usually cited as Dom. Stat.: 31 Vic. c. 66. It applies to the whole Dominion: comprising the four Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario. The laws formerly in force, with reference to aliens,

being various in the different Provinces, it was thought fit to assimilate them; and the first provision of the existing act is therefore that any alien, who, before the passing of the present act, had been naturalized in any of such Provinces, under the laws heretofore in force in such Province, is now to be considered as a denizen, or naturalized subject, of the whole Dominion.

The next provision is that any alien woman, who is married to a natura! born British subject, or to a person naturalized under the present act, or the several acts formerly in force in the several Provinces, is to be deemed herself naturalized.

The following provisions are then made for the naturalization of all aliens, except an alien woman so married to a native born, or naturalized subject : such alien woman becoming naturalized by the mere act of marriage.

Every alien, resident in any part of the Dominion, with intent to settle therein, and who, after a continued residence therein for a period of three years or upwards, has taken the oaths or affirmations of residence and allegiance, and procured the same to be filed of record, as hereinafter mentioned, so as to entitle him or her to a certificate of naturalization, will thenceforth enjoy, and may transmit, all the rights and capacities of a natural born subject.

The first thing for an alien to do, if he desires to be naturalized, is to take and subscribe the oaths of residence and allegiance. If the alien is a person entitled, by the laws of the Province where he

resides, to make an affirmation in lieu of an oath he may do so.

In Ontario, these oaths or affirmations must be taken and subscribed before a Judge of a Court of Record, or before some person authorized to administer oaths in the Courts of General Sessions of the Peace; or before a Commissioner appointed by the Governor for the purpose; or before a Justice of the Peace of the County where the alien resides. When taken, the Judge, Commissioner or Justice, on being satisfied by evidence produced by the alien, that he or she has been a resident of Canada. for a continuous period of three years or upwards, and is a person of good character, will grant a certificate setting forth that such alien has taken and subscribed the said oath or affirmation; and, (if the fact is so), that such Judge, Commissioner or Justice, has reason to believe that such alien has been so resident within the Province for a period of three years, or upwards: that he or she is a person of good character; and that there exists to the knowledge of the Judge, Commissioner or Justice, no reason why the alien should not be granted all the rights and capacities of a natural born British subject. This certificate must then be presented to the Court of General Sessions of the Peace of the county, within the jurisdiction of which the alien resides, in open Court, on the first day of some general sitting thereof. The Court will thereupon order the certificate to be openly read; and if, during such general sitting, the facts mentioned in the certificate are not controverted, or any other valid