tion which is to sail next June, and will be absent about six years, is shortly leaving England for Canada to make arrangements for the bringing to this country for the necessary fitting up of the Terra Nova, which has been secured for the venture. Mr. Cope is at present engaged in appointing the personnel of the expedition. Professor R. C. Mossman, who has been appointed chief of the scientific staff, was meteorologist to the Scott Antarctic Expedition; Mr. A. H. Larkman, who sailed in the Terra Nova as chief engineer with the Shackleton Expedition, has signed on with the British Imperial in the same capacity; and Mr. T. H. R. Hooke, R.A.F., who was also with the Shackleton Expedition, has been appointed chief of the wireless staff. Captain Hurley, who during the war was one of the official photographers to the Australian forces and who accompanied the Mawson Expedition as photographer, will go with Mr. Cope as photographer. A cable has been received by Mr. Cope from Mr. Ernest Joyce, who was a member of the Scott and Shackleton expeditions. It is probable that Mr. Joyce will accompany the present expedition, and in the meanwhile he is in charge of the organization in Australia. Lieutenant E. Healy, late Dublin Fusiliers, has been appointed a member of the shore party, which will leave the Terra Nova when the vessel becomes fast in the ice, and will explore the district to the south of the great ice barrier. It is the intention of Mr. Cope to take an aeroplane on board the Terra Nova and make a flight to the South Pole. Already two firms of aeroplane makers have offered to supply the expedition with a machine free of cost. Generous support is being given the expedition by commercial firms. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDALS THE distinguished service medal has been awarded as follows: Colonel William H. Welch, United States Army. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous service. From his rich experience in scientific medicine, sanitation, public health and medical education he helped materially in guiding the medical pro fession both in and out of the Army safely through many difficulties of war. Colonel Victor C. Vaughan, United States Army. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous service. During his service in the office of the surgeon-general his contributions of advice and information have been of great value to the Army in connection with the control of communicable diseases. During the recent epidemic of influenza, in particular, his work was of extreme value. Lieutenant-Colonel Richard P. Strong, Medical Corps, United States Army. For exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services. Possessed of the highest professional qualification and actuated by zealous devotion to duty, he has rendered service of inestimable value to the American Expeditionary Forces, notably as president of a board appointed to investigate the cause of trench fever, a disease which has caused serious losses to the effectives of the allied armies. The scientific research of this board under his skilful direction led to the discovery of the means by which trench fever is transmitted and in the establishment of effective measures for its prevention. SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS DR. CHRISTOPHER ADDISON has been appointed the first minister of health in the Ministry of Health which has been established by the British Parliament. Dr. Addison was at one time professor of anatomy, University College, Sheffield. He was parliamentary secretary to the Board of Education, 1914-15, minister of munitions, 1916-17; minister of reconstruction, 1917, and has latterly occupied the office of president of the Local Government Board. PROFESSOR F. SODDY has been elected a foreign member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences in succession to the late Sir William Crookes. DR. CHAS. B. DAVENPORT, of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, has been elected associate of the Académie des Sciences de Belgique. DR. HENRY G. BARBOUR, assistant professor of pharmacology in Yale University, has received a grant of $200 from the committee on Scientific Research of the American Medical Association for the investigation of substances likely to be of value as anesthetics. DON C. MOTE, formerly economic zoologist, Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, has been appointed state entomologist of Arizona by the Arizona Commission of Agriculture and Horticulture, and assumed the duties of the office on July 1. DR. A. G. MCCALL has terminated his services with the Army Educational Corps in France and has resumed his work as chief of the Soil Investigational Work at the Maryland Experiment Station. MR. HARRY S. MORK has resigned as vicepresident of Arthur D. Little, Inc., of Cambridge, Mass., and has been elected to the vicepresidency of the Lustron Company of Boston, manufacturers of artificial silk by a process developed in the Little establishment. He will also act as consultant to the Industrial Company of Boston. DR. MAURICE H. GIVENS has resigned the assistant professorship of biological chemistry at the University of Rochester to accept the post of biochemist in the research laboratory at the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. THE Council of the British Scientific Instrument Research Association has appointed Mr. H. Moore to be assistant director of research. THE American Scandinavian Foundation announces the names of ten American college students who will receive $1,000 each to enable them to go to Sweden to study in exchange with ten Swedish students to come to America. The men appointed are: Samuel G. Frantz, Princeton; Harry F. Yancey, University of Missouri; Chester C. Stewart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Harry W. Titus, University of Wyoming; Robert C. Sessions, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Clarence N. Ostergren, Sheffield Scientific School; William S. Moir, Yale Forestry School; Henry M. Meloney, State School of Forestry at Syracuse University; Rudolph E. Zetterstrand, Sheffield Scientific School, and Thomas Fraser, University of Illinois. ON July 1, Major Clarence J. West, recently in charge of the editorial department, Research Division, Chemical Warfare Service, assumed his duties as director of the information department of Arthur D. Little, Inc. In his new position Major West will extend the library facilities of the organization and develop a special information service on technical and scientific subjects for the benefit of the clients and staff of Arthur D. Little, Inc. COLONEL HARRY L. GILCHRIST, of the Medical Corps, U. S. A., will command a group of 550 American Army officers and volunteers who will undertake to eliminate typhus from the camps and among the people in Poland. PROFESSOR ALBERT JOHANNSEN, of the University of Chicago, has gone to Mexico City for the summer. He is doing petrographic work for the Mexican Survey. MR. I. H. BOAS, M.Sc., of the Technical School, Perth, has left for Europe, America and India, where he will investigate Forest Products Laboratories. His report will form the basis of the Western Australian project. PROFESSOR H. F. CLELLAND, of the department of geology, has been granted a leave of absence from Williams College for the coming college year. DR. J. G. SANDERS, director of the Bureau of Plant Industry of the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, at Harrisburg, Pa., has been commissioned by the Federal Horticultural Board at Washington to study the potato wart disease in the Briish Isles, and to note the methods adopted for controlling the spread of this most dangerous potato disease. potato wart disease was first determined by him to occur in the United States in a district The comprising four counties in the vicinity of Hazleton, Pa., in September, 1918. These four counties, with three outlying points, are now under strict quarantine. ORGANIZED from the Scottish Oceanographical Laboratory, a surveying expedition left Edinburgh on June 16, for Spitsbergen, headed by Mr. John Mathieson, late divisional superintendent of Ordnance Survey in Scotland, who retired to take up this work. In 1909 Mr. Mathieson completed a survey of Prince Charles Foreland, Spitsbergen, which was begun in 1906 by Dr. W. S. Bruce, director of the Scottish Oceanographical Laboratory. IN connection with the physiology of the nervous system, given as a part of the course in general physiology at the Tufts College medical school, a series of three lectures was delivered on July 21, 22 and 23, by A. P. Weiss, of the department of psychology of Ohio State University, on "The place of behavior psychology in physiology." THE following lecturers at the Royal College of Physicians of London are announced: Dr. J. L. Birley, the Goulstonian; Sir W. Leishman, the Horace Dobell; Sir J. Rose Bralford, Welsh Museum, Dr. F. A. Bather, of the Natural History Museum, and Mr. Isaac Williams, of Cardiff opened a discussion on the desirability of establishing a diploma for museum curators, and on the course of training that should be required. In the afternoon visits were paid to local museums and places of historic interest. We learn from the London Times that the fifth annual general meeting of the MedicoPolitical Union was held in London on June 12. Dr. F. Coke, in his presidential address, said that 367 new members had joined during the last month. The report of the general secretary regretted the hostility which had sprung up between the British Medical Association and the Union. "The Association had for many years," the report proceeded, "while de the Lumleian; and, for 1921, Dr. J. L. Golla, crying trade unionism, been employing trade the Croonian. THE death is announced at the age of sixtyseven years of Dr. Emil Fischer, professor of chemistry in the University of Berlin. Dr. Fischer was awarded a Nobel prize in 1902. INCLUDED in the Army Appropriation Bill, now passed by Congress, is an appropriation of $20,000 for the Surgeon-General's Library, and for the preservation of specimens for the Army Medical School, Washington, $10,000. An appropriation of $350,000 is made for the purchase of twenty-six acres of land adjoining Walter Reed Hospital, Washington, for the final location of the Army Medical School, Surgeon-General's Library and the Army Museum, and for the improvements on the land to be purchased. THE thirteenth annual meeting of the British Museums Association was held at Oxford, on July 8, and the two following days. Members were welcomed by Sir Herbert Warren, president of Magdalen. An address was given by the president, Sir H. Howarth, followed by the reading of a series of papers on museums in Oxford. Wednesday morning was occupied by discussions on the propriety of transferring the control of museums to the education authority, and on various matters of detail. On Thursday Dr. W. Evans Hoyle, curator of the union methods with impunity, until the Coventry case shattered their claims and left us as the only body adequately equipped to carry on a fight on behalf of the profession. I am pleased to say that the association, or certain of its members, recognize facts, and an attempt is now being made to reconcile differences." As to the formation of a min istry of health, the report stated that it foreshadowed drastic changes in the medical services at an early date. Those changes would benefit neither the community nor the profession, unless the latter had a large voice in shaping them. It was the duty of that union to impress on government departments the importance of the general practitioner as the backbone of the medical profession, and the fact that he was better equipped to give advice than those occupying a more exalted position. Resolutions were also passed in favor of the organization of the whole of the medical profession on a trade-union basis, and to the effect that a whole-time salaried service for general practitioners was undesirable. UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS THE contract has just been signed for an addition to the laboratory of the department of chemistry of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute to cost $175,000. The new wing will be devoted to laboratories for quantitative analysis, organic chemistry and physical chemistry. The new construction is necessary because of the growth in the number of students taking the courses in chemical engineering and general science. DR. E. J. KRAUS, dean of service departments at the Oregon Agricultural College, has been appointed professor of applied botany at the University of Wisconsin. PROFESSOR ALFRED ATKINSON, professor of agronomy in the Montana State College, succeeds President J. M. Hamilton, who has retired after serving for fifteen years. MAJOR HENRY A. MATTILL, Sanitary Corps, formerly assistant professor of nutrition at the University of California, returned early in March from France, where he had charge of instruction in food and nutrition in the army schools at Langres. Dr. Mattill has accepted a junior professorship in biological chemistry at the University of Rochester. DR. V. BUSH, now engineer of the American Radio and Research Co., has been appointed associate professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. THE following promotions at Lehigh University have been announced: Assistant Professor R. L. Charles, physics, to become associate professor; Mr. P. B. Fraim, physics, assistant professor; Mr. J. S. Beamensderfer, mechanical engineering, assistant professor; Mr. H. C. Payrow, civil engineering, assistant professor, and Mr. M. S. Knebelman, mathematics, assistant professor. AT Cambridge University Mr. W. E. Dixon, Downing College, has been appointed reader in pharmacology; Mr. J. E. Purvis, Corpus College, university lecturer in chemistry and physics in their application to hygiene and preventive medicine; Dr. Graham-Smith, university lecturer in hygiene, and Mr. T. S. P. Strangeways, St. John's, university lecturer in special pathology. DISCUSSION AND CORRESPONDENCE LIMICOLOUS OLIGOCHÆTA FOR LABORATORY USE TO THE EDITOR OF SCIENCE: I should like to bring to the attention of teaching zoologists the advantages of living limicolous oligochata, preferably a Tubifex or a Limnodrilus, for laboratory purposes in connection with exercises on the earthworm. In the movement which is developing in elementary courses to get away from mere study of structure, the introduction of some convenient and usable form for demonstrating functional activity in connection with so important a type as the earthworm is desirable. At Ohio State University we have used Limnodrilus with success. It is sufficiently transparent to allow the internal structures and processes of the annelid body to be observed. The entire alimentary tract is visible and the peristaltic action of the intestine can be demonstrated together with the effect this has on the material in the intestine. Frequently, too, it is possible to see the movements of the pharynx during ingestion. The contraction and the direction of blood flow in the main blood vessels can be observed. The movement of the sets and their connection with the muscles operating them are also to be seen. The relation of the septa to body wall and intestine and the division of the cœlom into compartments is clearly apparent. It will thus be seen that these worms not only illustrate the annelid body, but also demonstrate functions of general application. For laboratory use it is best to anesthetize the worms to the point of immobility. They should be placed in a watch glass partly filled with water and to this should be added a few drops of a saturated solution of chloretone. It is best to use a little at first, allow it to work for a while and then if necessary add more. The dish should be covered. With a little practise it is possible to have the worms immobile and yet keep the blood vessels and intestine active. For demonstrating ingestion and movement of the setæ no anesthetic should be used. Of course all activities are at their best in the unanesthetized worm if students have time and patience to follow the speci THE CUMBERLAND FALLS METEORITE THE stone described by Professor A. M. Miller in SCIENCE for June 6 of the present year, and of which the National Museum has secured the major portion, proves of exceptional interest. In fact, it is scarcely too much to say that it is one of the most remarkable falls yet reported on the American continent. The stone is a coarse enstatite breccia, closely compacted, showing evidences of compression while under a considerable load and other indications of its having formed a portion of a body of considerable size, even of planetary dimensions. The most striking macroscopical features aside from its brecciated structure are the occasional enclosures sometimes 4 or 5 cm. in diameter, of a dark, nearly black, chondritic stone. I do not recall another instance of so plain an admixture of stones of quite different type. Such a stone finds no exact position in the classification of Brezina. Following out the general plan, however, I have made a place for it among the achondrites and designated it a Whitleyite-a magnesia-rich stone brecciated in structure, consisting essentially of enstatite, poor in iron and carrying enclosures of a black chondrite. The results of further studies will be published elsewhere. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, D. C., June 20, 1919 GEO. P. MERRILL THE THIRD EDITION OF THE BIOGRAPHICAL THE Compilation and publication of the third edition of the Biographical Directory of American Men of Science, postponed on account of war conditions, will now be completed as rapidly as possible. The work is intended to be a contribution to the organization of science in America, and the editor will greatly appreciate the assistance of scientific men in making its contents accurate and complete. Those whose biographies appear in the second edition are requested to forward such alterations and additions as may be necessary or desirable, and to obtain biographical sketches from those who should be included or send their names and addresses. All those engaged in scientific work whose biographies are not included in the second edition are requested to send the information needed. For this purpose the blank that is given on an advertising page (ii) of the current issue of SCIENCE may be used. It is intended that each entry shall contain information as follows: 1. The full name with title and mail address, the part of the name ordinarily omitted in correspondence being in parentheses. 2. The department of investigation given in italics. 3. The place and date of birth, including month and day. 4. Education and degrees, including honorary degrees. 5. Positions with dates, the present position being given in italics. 6. Temporary and minor positions; scientific awards and honors. 7. Membership in scientific societies with offices held. 8. Chief subjects in which research has been published or is now in progress. All those in North America should be inIcluded in the book who have made contributions to the natural and exact sciences. The standards are expected to be about the same as those of fellowship in the American Association for the Advancement of Science or membership in the national scientific societies which require research work as a qualification. The compilation of the new edition will of necessity involve much labor, but this will be materially lightened if men of science will reply promptly to this request. J. MCKEEN CATTELL GARRISON-ON-HUDSON, N. Y. |