scientific court of appeal and advice for all questions involving the physical properties of matter, the strength and quality of materials, gauges and standards. During the war it rendered invaluable service. In the financial year ending in March, 1918, the Ministry of Munitions alone paid it £42,000 for work done, and when it is remembered that the expenditure was not on manufacture, but merely on examining and testing, some measure of its service may be gained. Until last year the Royal Society was the governing body of the laboratory, and conducted its affairs with the assistance of a general board of thirty-six members, of whom twelve were nominees of industrial and commercial institutions. It was an almost ideal combination of science and industry, and Sir Richard Glazebrook gained the respect and admiration of his theoretical and practical masters. But the financial responsibility was heavy and increasing, and from April 1, 1918, the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research took over the burden. Fortunately under the new arrangement the department assumes only the control necessary for an accounting authority. Sir Richard will hand over to his distinguished successor, Professor Petavel, not only an institution of great and growing usefulness, but a tradition of harmonious cooperation between science and industry. He has provided the new Department of Scientific and Industrial Research with a working organization sufficient to justify their existence, and with a model on which we may suppose that their most successful creations, the Industrial Research Councils, have been formed.

THE DYE INDUSTRIES

DURING the course of its sessions at Philadelphia the Dye Section of the American Chemical Society, unanimously passed the following resolutions:

WHEREAS, The manufacture of dyes from coal tar distillates involves the same general processes and materials used in the manufacture of explosive and poison gases for military use,

Resolved, That the question of the importation of dyes and of intermediates from which they may be made is a military question,

Resolved, That the importation of such dyes, the bases from which dyes are made or the intermediate products produced in the manufacture of such dyes is a menace to the possible future defense of our country, for the reason that such importations foster and support in foreign countries which

would furnish an enemy with essential munitions of war,

Resolved, That insofar as dyes or intermediates or coal tar distillates are allowed to be imported in time of peace, such importations prevent or discourage the establishment, development and maintenance of an industry that is essential to national defense in time of war,

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be submitted at once to the advisory committee of the American Chemical Society for such action as in its judgment the circumstances merit, with the suggestion that copies be sent to the President of the United States and the chairman of appropri ate committees of the Congress.

WHEREAS, The American armies were factors in the victorious completion of the Great War vs. Germany, and

WHEREAS, The allied governments are placing corps of skilled chemists to oversee operations in the dyestuff plants in the occupied areas of Germany, and

WHEREAS, The American dyestuff industry is very much in need of any information that can be obtained to assist the development of this industry,

Now, therefore, be it resolved, That it should be brought to the attention of the President of the United States and an urgent request made that we have our share in the operating control of these factories and that we should have qualified representatives stationed there, the information gained to be used for the benefit of American industry.

Be it further resolved, That this tentative resolution be submitted at once to the Committee on National Policy of the American Chemical Society for such action as they think the circumstances merit.

WHEREAS, We find at the head of the laundry list of the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel the following notice: "Owing to dyes now being used, we will not assume any responsibility in the laundering of guests' apparel," and

WHEREAS, We find the similar lack of confidence in American dyes expressed by the department stores,

Now, therefore, be it resolved, That the Dye Section views with great disapproval the expression of any such misleading statements as to the quality of the American dyes,

Resolved, That this tentative resolution be submitted at once to the Committee on National Pol

icy of the American Chemical Society for final but prompt action.

A COOPERATIVE COURSE IN ELECTRIC
ENGINEERING

A COOPERATIVE course in electrical engineering, in which the General Electric Company combines with the institute has been established at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Students undertaking this work will have before them a course of five years in length. The first two are identical with the regular course in electrical engineering, and the last three will be divided between instruction in theory at the institute and instruction in practise at the West Lynn works of the General Electric Company. The regular fouryear course will have certain omissions and abridgements, to make time for the work at Lynn, while the fifth year will be virtually postgraduate study with emphasis on problems of administration, project, design and research. The institute instructing staff has been strengthened by the addition to its electrical faculty of Professor Timble, who will be alternately at the institute and at the works with the students.

For the present class there will be eleven terms ahead, four terms a year. The first ten terms are to be spent in alternate study at the institute and at the works. The institute terms are of eleven weeks each, followed by two weeks' vacation, while the terms at the works in Lynn are of thirteen weeks each. One group of students will begin at the institute and the other at Lynn, and at the end of the term they will change places. The eleventh term, which is that just preceding commencement, will be spent by both groups at the institute. This, which is outside of the two preliminary years, will fill the time, and at the conclusion of the whole there will be an optional additional term of thirteen weeks at Lynn.

The successful completion of the course will lead to a degree of master of science, to be conferred at the graduation exercises of Technology, and the degree of bachelor of science will be conferred at the same time as of the preceding year.

This undertaking, which affords to the stu

dents the practise of the most important and largest kind of commercial work, is undertaken by the General Electric in order that it may have a supply of properly trained young men for its managers and superintendents.

THE CORNELL UNIVERSITY MEDICAL
COLLEGE

THE Cornell University Medical College opened its twenty-second annual session on September 29, 1919. The annual address to the students was delivered by Dr. Graham Luck, professor of physiology. Two hundred and eighteen students are registered in the course leading to the degree of M.D., of whom 72 are registered for the first year in medicine in the New York City division of the medical college. There are in addition, forty medical students in the first year of medicine at Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., who will enter the New York City division for the second year, in 1921.

The college also announces the following appointments to the medical faculty in New York City.

E. F. DuBois, M.D., assistant professor of medicine, director of medicine, Bellevue Hospital. Oscar M. Schloss, M.D., professor of clinical medicine, department of pediatrics.

Henry H. M. Lyle, M.D., assistant professor of surgery.

Jeremiah S. Ferguson, M.D., assistant professor of clinical medicine, department of pediatrics.

Nellis B. Foster, M.D., assistant professor of medicine and associate attending physician to New York Hospital.

John C. A. Cerster, M.D., assistant professor of clinical surgery.

Charles V. Morrill, A.M., Ph.D., assistant professor of anatomy.

Robert Chambers, A.M., Ph.D., assistant professor of anatomy.

THE LANE MEDICAL LECTURES THE Lane Medical Lectures will be delivered this year by Dr. Alonzo E. Taylor, professor of physiological chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Taylor will speak on the "Feeding of the Nations at War." The lectures will take place at Lane Hall on Sacramento Street near Webster,

San Francisco, at 8 o-clock on the evenings of December 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.

Dr. Alonzo Taylor was sent abroad under the auspices of the American Minister to make a scientific study of the care of the Allied prisoners in Germany. His reports were published by the British government in 1916 and 1917. At that time he was particularly interested in the food problems associated with nutrition of a people at war. Upon our entrance into the war he was one of the first men taken in by Mr. Hoover in the organization of the Food Administration. His particular problem was to coordinate the efforts of the Department of Agriculture and those of the newly established Food Administration. He was a member of the Committee on Research and on Public Health of the Food Administration and also a member of the commission sent abroad by this country to study the alimentation problems of the Allied nations. Subsequently he was the representative of the Department of Agriculture upon the War Trade Board. He made two different trips to Europe studying conditions there and since the armistice has been the representative of the Food Administration and the American Relief Administration particularly in the Balkan countries.

Dr. Taylor has written a series of articles dealing with various aspects of the war, particularly for the Saturday Evening Post. He is the author of a book on 66 War Bread" and with Dr. Kellogg published a book on The Food Problem."

DINNER IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR CHAMBERLIN

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A DINNER in honor of Dr. Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin was given at the Chicago Beach Hotel, on September 27. The dinner was occasioned by the retiring to become professor emeritus of Professor Chamberlin from the headship of the department of geology in order that he might devote himself to the research in which he is interested. The date of the dinner was felicitous in that it was within a few days of Professor Chamberlin's seventy-seven birthday.

About fifty people, almost solely former

students and intimate colleagues of the guest of honor, were present. Dr. G. F. Kay, of the University of Iowa, acted as toastmaster, and speeches were made by Dean Rollin D. Salisbury, of the University of Chicago, Dr. C. K. Leith, of the University of Wisconsin, and Dr. F. R. Moulton and President Judson, both of the University of Chicago. At the end of the dinner, the toastmaster handed to Dr. Chamberlin a great number of congratulatory telegrams from friends all over the world.

SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS

MR. GEORGE H. ASHLEY, of the U. S. Geological Survey, has been appointed state geologist of Pennsylvania.

DR. SAMUEL A. TUCKER, formerly professor of electrochemistry at Columbia University, who served as major in the Chemical Warfare Service, has been appointed chief chemist for the Chemical Foundation, Inc.

DR. CHARLES L. PARSONS has resigned from the Bureau of Mines in order to give more time to the work of the secretaryship of the American Chemical Society. He will also undertake a limited amount of private consulting work.

DR. ARTHUR F. BUDINGTON, of Brown University, and Dr. Ralph W. G. Wyckoff, of Cornell University, have become members of the staff of the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution.

DR. ALBERT MANN, of Washington, D. C., has recently left the Department of Agriculture to accept a position with the Carnegie Institution of Washington. A recognition of the growing economic importance of the diatoms led the National Research Council to advise that plans be made to finance a thorough study of these aquatic plants. The Carnegie Institution received the suggestion favorably and Dr. Mann was invited to take up the work. His laboratory and office are located in the National Museum.

DR. CHRISTIAN R. HOLMES, dean of the medical college of the University of Cincinnati, has announced his intention of retiring from

practise to devote his entire time to the work of the college.

DR. L. H. BAEKELAND, honorary professor of chemical engineering in Columbia University, has been decorated by King Albert with the Order of the Crown of Belgium.

AT the centennial celebration of Colgate University on October 11, James M. Taylor, professor of mathematics in the university since 1870, received the honorary degree of doctor of science.

DR. GEORGE EMERSON BREWER, formerly professor of surgery in Columbia University, has sailed for France, at the request of the Surgeon General, as a representative of the United States at the inter-allied congress of surgeons shortly to convene in Paris. For the next five weeks Dr. Brewer temporarily resumes his rank as colonel in the medical division of the army, but by the middle of November he will return to civilian status in New York.

DR. KIRTLEY F. MATHER, professor of geology at Denison University, will be on leave of absence for the current year to undertake geologic exploration for Richmond Levering & Co. His work at Denison will be carried on by Dr. James H. Hance, formerly of the International Revenue Bureau, Washington, D. C.

SIR OLIVER LODGE, the British physicist, plans to visit the United States in the early spring of next year.

THE National Research Council has appointed a committee on Pacific exploration to consider and organize cooperative research in the various fields in which investigation is under way in the Pacific area. The first meeting of this committee was held on September 10, at the University of California. In order that through combined effort of the institutions concerned the fullest measure of result may be secured, the committee is especially desirious of securing information as to investigations under way or projected in the Pacific area in fields of research ranging from physics to anthropology. The members of the Committee present at the California meeting were H. E. Gregory, George F. McEwen, W. E. Ritter and J. C. Merriam, chair

man. Other members of the committee were unavoidably absent. A meeting of the full committee for the purpose of initiating the investigations planned for the coming year will take place on the Atlantic coast in December.

Or the seventeen members of the faculty of the school of engineering at the Pennsylvania State College, who entered military service, the following have returned to take up their work: Captain E. D. Walker, A. E. F., head of the department of civil engineering; Captain John J. Light, A. E. F., assistant professor of mechanical engineering; Captain M. E. Kressly, instructor in engineering drawing, and Lieutenant Charles B. Steel, R. W. Minshall, A. Edward Bryan, John C. Runk and R. B. Nesbitt.

PROFESSOR MARK ALFRED CARLETON, who recently resigned from his position of cerealist with the U S. Department of Agriculture, is now making special field investigations for the U. S. Grain Corporation, with headquarters at 42 Broadway, New York City. While connected with the Department of Agriculture, Professor Carleton accomplished much in the way of introducing and establishing new and important varieties of cereal grains which have very materially increased the grain production in the United States. Of these might be mentioned Durum wheat, the production of which now amounts to approximately fifty million of bushels annually, and also the Kharkov Hard Winter wheat, the Swedish Select and Sixty Day oats, and the Petkus and Abruzzes rye. These various cereal grains, nainly the results of Professor Carleton's exploration and survey of Russia and Central Europe, are now standard crops in this country. Of his more purely scientific results, might been mentioned: The discovery of a sixth spore form of the rusts, the amphispore: the demonstration of winter hardiness of the uredo stage of leaf rust of wheat, and the discovery of distinct physiological forms of rust-the latter being made simultaneously with Eriksson.

DR. CYRIL HOPKINS, head of the department of agronomy of the University of Illinois,

died of malaria, at Gibraltar, on October 6. Dr. Hopkins was known as an international authority on soils. He had closed a year's work in reclamation studies of the worn soils of Greece and was on his way home when illness compelled his removal from the steamer.

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THE British prime minister has written to Lord Ernle (Mr. R. E. Prothero) a letter on his resignation of the presidency of the Board of Agriculture. Mr. Lloyd George says: On behalf of the government I wish to thank you for the invaluable services you rendered the country during your remarkable tenure of office. Your chieftainship at the board marked an epoch in the history of British agriculture. It was the beginning of a departure which will soon, not only restore British land cultivation to its past prosperity, but lead it on to even greater heights of achievement. I feel a great pride in the fact that your work was done entirely during my premiership."

PREPARATIONS are being made for a conference of physiologists at Paris in July, 1920. The meeting is being organized by representatives from Great Britain, France and America, and invitations are to be sent to the neutral nations.

A BILL has recently been passed by the Canadian House of Commons creating a Federal Department of Health. The bill provides for a minister of health, and an advisory council. The authority of the new department will extend to all matters affecting health within the jurisdiction of the Canadian government.

UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL
NEWS

By the will of the late Richard M. Colgate, Colgate University receives a bequest of $100,000 to be used for the erection of a dormitory. Mr. Colgate also left $100,000 to Yale for the establishment of a professorship "for the advancement of the intellectual teaching of freshmen students."

THE Bureau of Education has published a circular showing the increase of salaries of college teachers made during the last academic

year and voted for the present year. Increases of ten per cent., or over for the last year are reported by 72 per cent. of the institutions for full professors, 51 per cent. for assistant professors and 52 per cent. for instructors. Of the institutions which reported an increase of over ten per cent. for the year 1920, 74 per cent. reported increases for full professors, 59 per cent. for assistant professors and 46 per cent. for instructors. It is noticeable that many larger institutions do not appear on the list of those which provided increases in salary in either year.

DR. DANIEL RUSSELL HADGDON, head of the Newark College of Technology, Newark, N. J., has been elected president of the Hahnemann College and Medical School, of Chicago. He is the author of works on General Science," and "Applied Physics."

E. V. HUNTINGTON, associate professor of mathematics in Harvard University, has been promoted to a full professorship in mechanics. His teaching activities will be divided as heretofore between the division of mathematics and the division of engineering.

PAUL B. SEARS has accepted an assistant professorship of botany in the University of Nebraska and has begun his work there. He was formerly an instructor in the Ohio State University and during the war was a lieutenant in aviation. Previously he had been assistant in botany in the University of Nebraska.'

DR. A. R. C. HAAS has been appointed associate professor of plant physiology in the University of California, Graduate School of Tropical Agriculture and at the Citrus Experiment Station at Riverside. He is engaged chiefly with studies in plant nutrition.

DR. B. W. WELLS, formerly of the University of Arkansas, has taken charge of the department of botany in the North Carolina State College. Mr. I. V. Shunk, of the University of West Virginia, has been appointed instructor in the same department.

PROFESSOR NEWLAND F. SMITH, of Centre College, Danville, Ky., has accepted a position as head of the department of physics in The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina, at Charleston. He will commence his