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shall be transferred to the account "Outstanding Liabilities, 1934," and any balances remaining therein, or in any succeeding fiscal year account, unclaimed, for two fiscal years after the deposit therein shall be covered into the surplus fund of the Treasury: Provided, That the balances to the credit of the outstanding liabilities account of any fiscal year which has not been covered into the surplus fund of the Treasury shall be available to pay claims on account of any check, the amount of which has been included in any balance so covered into the surplus fund. Sec. 21, act of June 26, 1934 (48 Stat. 1235); 31 U. S. C. 725t.

1766. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 1637, ante. 1767. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 1638, ante. 1768. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 1639, ante. 1769. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 1642, ante.

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1770. Advertising; rates of payment, general provisions.-That hereafter all advertisements, notices, proposals for contracts, and all forms of advertising required by law for the several departments of the Government may be paid for at a price not to exceed the commercial rates charged to private individuals, with the usual discounts; such rates to be ascertained from sworn statements to be furnished by the proprietors or publishers of the newspapers proposing so to advertise: Provided, That all advertising in newspapers since the tenth day of April, eighteen hundred and seventy-seven, shall be audited and paid at like rates; but the heads of the several departments may secure lower terms at special rates whenever the public interest requires it. Sec. 1, act of June 20, 1878 (20 Stat. 216); 44 U. S. C. 322.

1771. Advertising in the District of Columbia. That all advertising required by existing laws to be done in the District of Columbia by any of the departments of the Government shall be given to one daily and one weekly newspaper of each of the two principal political parties and to one daily and one weekly neutral newspaper: Provided, That the rates of compensation for such service shall in no case exceed the regular commercial rate of the newspapers selected; nor shall any advertisement be paid for unless published in accordance with section thirty-eight hundred and twenty-eight of the Revised Statutes. Sec. 1, act of Jan. 21, 1881 (21 Stat. 317) ; 44 U. S. C. 323.

R. S. 3828, mentioned, is set forth, post, 1772.

1772. Advertising; authority.-No advertisement, notice, or proposal for any executive department of the Government, or for any bureau thereof, or for any office therewith connected, shall be published in any newspaper whatever, except in pursuance of a written authority for such publication from the head of such department; and no bill for any such advertising, or publication, shall be paid, unless there be presented with such bill a copy of such written authority. R. S. 3828; 44 U. S. C. 324.

1773. Government printing; general provision.—* **

Provided further,

That on and after July 1, 1919, all printing, binding, and blank-book work for

Congress, the Executive Office, the judiciary, and every executive department, independent office, and establishment of the Government, shall be done at the Government Printing Office, except such classes of work as shall be deemed by the Joint Committee on Printing to be urgent or necessary to have done elsewhere than in the District of Columbia for the exclusive use of any field service outside of said district. Sec. 11, act of Mar. 1, 1919 (40 Stat. 1270) ; 44 U. S. C. 111.

The Joint Committee on Printing may permit the Public Printer to authorize any executive department or independent office or establishment of the Government to purchase direct for its use such printing, binding, and blank-book work, otherwise authorized by law, as the Government Printing Office is not able or suitably equipped to execute or as may be more economically or in the better interest of the Government executed elsewhere. * * Sec. 12, act of Jan. 12, 1895 (28 Stat. 602); sec. 1, act of July 8, 1935 (49 Stat. 475); 44 U. S. C. 14.

The first paragraph superseded a provision of the act of May 12, 1917 (40 Stat. 74), which amended sec. 87, act of Jan. 12, 1895 (28 Stat. 622), whereunder, in time of actual hostilities, the Secretary of War might secure printing and binding from commercial or other printing establishments, by contract or open market purchase. Said sec. 87 had, in turn, superseded R. S. 3786.

The act of June 12, 1917 (40 Stat. 126), making appropriations for sundry civil expenses, made a special appropriation for printing and binding publications and manuals necessary for the organization and instruction of the land forces of the United States, or such other necessary printing as the Secretary of War might prescribe; and provided that the printing and binding therein authorized might be executed under contract with private concerns if, in the judgment of the Secretary of War, the public interest required, notwithstanding the provisions of the law requiring such printing and binding to be done in the Government Printing Office.

The "Interdepartmental Committee on Printing and Processing" was established by Executive Order No. 7998, October 29, 1938, to establish uniform policies and procedures for the utilization of printing and processing in the Executive branch of the Government.

1774. Government printing; illustrations, engravings, and photographs.Provided further, That hereafter no part of the appropriations made for printing and binding shall be used for any illustration, engraving, or photograph in any document or report ordered printed by Congress unless the order to print expressly authorizes the same, nor in any document or report of any executive department or other Government establishment until the head of the executive department or Government establishment shall certify in a letter transmitting such report that the illustration is necessary and relates entirely to the transaction of public business. Sec. 1, act of Mar. 3, 1905 (33 Stat. 1213) ; 44 U. S. C. 118. Previous similar provisions, but without the word "hereafter," and applicable only to the appropriations therein made, were contained in sec. 3, act Mar. 3, 1903 (32 Stat. 1147). Previous restrictions on printing, engraving, etc., and illustrations, were imposed by sec. 94 of the printing and binding act of 1895 (28 Stat. 623).

1775. Government printing; waste to be remedied.-That the Joint Committee on Printing shall have power to adopt and employ such measures as, in its discretion, may be deemed necessary to remedy any neglect, delay, duplication, or waste in the public printing and binding and the distribution of Government publications: *. Sec. 11, act of Mar. 1, 1919 (40 Stat. 1270); 44 U. S. C. 4.

The Joint Committee on Printing was created by sec. 1, act of Jan. 12, 1895 (28 Stat. 601), to consist of three members of the Senate and three members of the House of Representatives. Sec. 6, act of Mar. 3, 1917 (39 Stat. 1121), provides that this committee shall continue to exercise its powers and duties when Congress is not in session.

1776. Government publications; depositaries.—The libraries of the eight executive departments, of the United States Military Academy, and United States Naval Academy are hereby constituted designated depositories of Government publications, and the superintendent of documents shall supply one copy of said

publications, in the same form as supplied to other depositories, to each of said libraries. Sec. 98, act of Jan. 12, 1895 (28 Stat. 624); 10 U. S. C. 1162; 44 U. S. C. 87.

That libraries heretofore designated by law as depositaries to receive books and other Government publications shall hereafter, during their existence, continue such receipt; and new designations may be made when libraries heretofore chosen shall cease to exist or other designations shall hereafter be authorized by law. Sec. 5, act of June 23, 1913 (38 Stat. 75); 44 U. S. C. 84.

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1777. Government publications; distribution. That no money appropriated by this or any other Act shall be used after the first day of October, nineteen hundred and twelve, for services in any executive department or other Government establishment at Washington, District of Columbia, in the work of addressing, wrapping, mailing, or otherwise dispatching any publication for public distribution, except maps, weather reports, and weather cards issued by an executive department or other Government establishment at Washington, District of Columbia, or for the purchase of material or supplies to be used in such work; and on and after October first, nineteen hundred and twelve, it shall be the duty of the Public Printer to perform such work at the Government Printing Office. and each head of such executive department and other Government establishment at Washington, District of Columbia, shall furnish from time to time to the Public Printer mailing lists, in convenient form, and changes therein, or franked slips, for use in the public distribution of publications issued by such department or establishment; and the Public Printer shall furnish copies of any publication only in accordance with the provisions of law or the instruction of the head of the department or * * establishment issuing the publication. *: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be construed as applying to orders, instructions, directions, notices, or circulars of information, printed for and issued by any of the executive departments or other Government establishments or to the distribution of public documents by Senators or Members of the House of Representatives, or to the folding rooms and documents room of the Senate or House of Representatives. Sec. 8, act of Aug. 23, 1912 (37 Stat. 414); 44 U. S. C. 95.

By this same act it was ordered that equipment and personnel for this purpose be transferred from the executive departments to the Public Printer prior to Oct. 1, 1912. 1777a. Government publications; ownership and preservation.-All Government publications furnished by authority of law to officers (except members of Congress) of the United States Government, for their official use, shall be stamped "Property of the United States Government," and shall be preserved by such officers and by them delivered to their successors in office as a part of the property appertaining to the office. Government publications furnished depository libraries shall be made available for the free use of the general public and must not be disposed of except as the Superintendent of Documents may direct. Sec. 11, Title VII, act of June 20, 1936 (49 Stat. 1552); 44 U. 8. O. 92.

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1778. Government publications; sale.Provided further, That the Public Printer shall print such additional copies thereof and of any other Government publication, not confidential in character, as may be required for sale to the public by the Superintendent of Documents at the cost of printing and binding, plus 10 per centum, without limit as to the number of copies to any one applicant who agrees not to resell or distribute the same for profit; but the printing of such additional copies required for sale by the Superintendent of

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