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the United States), for the manufacture or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equipment in any amount exceeding $10,000, there shall be included the following representations and stipulations:

(a) That the contractor is the manufacturer of or a regular dealer in the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or used in the performance of the contract;

(b) That all persons employed by the contractor in the manufacture or furnishing of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment used in the performance of the contract will be paid, without subsequent deduction or rebate on any account, not less than the minimum wages as determined by the Secretary of Labor to be the prevailing minimum wages for persons employed on similar work or in the particular or similar industries or groups of industries currently operating in the locality in which the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment are to be manufactured or furnished under said contract;

(c) That no person employed by the contractor in the manufacture or furnishing of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment used in the performance of the contract shall be permitted to work in excess of eight hours in any one day or in excess of forty hours in any one week;

(d) That no male person under sixteen years of age and no female person under eighteen years of age and no convict labor will be employed by the contractor in the manufacture or production or furnishing of any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment included in such contract; and

(e) That no part of such contract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated in any plants, factories, buildings, or surroundings or under working conditions which are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees engaged in the performance of said contract. Compliance with the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the State in which the work or part thereof is to be performed shall be primafacie evidence of compliance with this subsection. Sec. 1, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2036) ; 41 U. S. C. 35.

That any breach or violation of any of the representations and stipulations in any contract for the purposes set forth in section 1 hereof shall render the party responsible therefor liable to the United States of America for liquidated damages, in addition to damages for any other breach of such contract, the sum of $10 per day for each male person under sixteen years of age or each female person under eighteen years of age, or each convict laborer knowingly employed in the performance of such contract, and a sum equal to the amount of any deductions, rebates, refunds, or underpayment of wages due to any employee engaged in the performance of such contract; and, in addition, the agency of the United States entering into such contract shall have the right to cancel same and to make openmarket purchases or enter into other contracts for the completion of the original contract, charging any additional cost to the original contractor. Any sums of money due to the United States of America by reason of any violation of any of the representations and stipulations of said contract set forth in section 1 hereof may be withheld from any amounts due on any such contracts or may be recovered in suits brought in the name of the United States of America by the Attorney General thereof. All sums withheld or recovered as deductions, rebates, refunds, or underpayments of wages shall be held in a special deposit account and shall be paid, on order of the Secretary of Labor, directly to the employees who have been paid less than minimum rates of pay as set forth in such contracts and on whose account such sums were withheld or recovered: Provided, That no claims by employees for such payments shall be entertained unless made within one year

from the date of actual notice to the contractor of the withholding or recovery of such sums by the United States of America. Sec. 2, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2037); 41 U. S. C. 36.

The Comptroller General is authorized and directed to distribute a list to all agencies of the United States containing the names of persons or firms found by the Secretary of Labor to have breached any of the agreements or representations required by this Act. Unless the Secretary of Labor otherwise recommends no contracts shall be awarded to such persons or firms or to any firm, corporation, partnership, or association in which such persons or firms have a controlling interest until three years have elapsed from the date the Secretary of Labor determines such breach to have occurred. Scc. 3, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2037); 41 U. S. C. 37.

The Secretary of Labor is hereby authorized and directed to administer the provisions of this Act and to utilize such Federal officers and employees and, with the consent of the State, such State and local officers and employees as he may find necessary to assist in the administration of this Act and to prescribe rules and regulations with respect thereto. The Secretary shall appoint, without regard to the provisions of the civil-service laws but subject to the Classification Act of 1923, an administrative officer, and such attorneys and experts, and shall appoint such other employees with regard to existing laws applicable to the employment and compensation of officers and employees of the United States as he may from time to time find necessary for the administration of this Act. The Secretary of Labor or his authorized representatives shall have power to make investigations and findings as herein provided, and prosecute any inquiry necessary to his functions in any part of the United States. The Secretary of Labor shall have authority from time to time to make, amend, and rescind such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Sec. 4, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2038); 41 U. S. C. 38.

Upon his own motion or on application of any person affected by any ruling of any agency of the United States in relation to any proposal or contract involving any of the provisions of this Act, and on complaint of a breach or violation of any representation or stipulation as herein provided, the Secretary of Labor, or an impartial representative designated by him, shall have the power to hold hearings and to issue orders requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of evidence under oath. Witnesses shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. In case of contumacy, failure, or refusal of any person to obey such an order, any District Court of the United States or of any Territory or possession, or the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, within the jurisdiction of which the inquiry is carried on, or within the jurisdiction of which said person who is guilty of contumacy, failure, or refusal is found, or resides or transacts business, upon the application by the Secretary of Labor or representative designated by him, shall have jurisdiction to issue to such person an order requiring such person to appear before him or representative designated by him, to produce evidence if, as, and when so ordered, and to give testimony relating to the matter under investigation or in question; and any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by said court as a contempt thereof; and shall make findings of fact after notice and hearing, which findings shall be conclusive upon all agencies of the United States, and if supported by the preponderance of the evidence, shall be conclusive in any court of the United States; and the Secretary of Labor or authorized representative shall have the power, and is hereby authorized, to make such decisions, based upon findings of fact, as are deemed to be necessary to enforce the provisions of this Act. Sec. 5, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2038); 41 U. S. C. 39.

Upon a written finding by the head of the contracting agency or department that the inclusion in the proposal or contract of the representations or stipulations set forth in section 1 will seriously impair the conduct of Government business, the Secretary of Labor shall make exceptions in specific cases or otherwise when justice or public interest will be served thereby. Upon the joint recommendation of the contracting agency and the contractor, the Secretary of Labor may modify the terms of an existing contract respecting minimum rates of pay and maximum hours of labor as he may find necessary and proper in the public interest or to prevent injustice and undue hardship. The Secretary of Labor may provide reasonable limitations and may make rules and regulations allowing reasonable variations, tolerances, and exemptions to and from any or all provisions of this Act respecting minimum rates of pay and maximum hours of labor or the extent of the application of this Act to contractors, as hereinbefore described. Whenever the Secretary of Labor shall permit an increase in the maximum hours of labor stipulated in the contract, he shall set a rate of pay for any overtime, which rate shall be not less than one and one-half times the basic hourly rate received by any employee affected. Sec. 6, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2038); 41 U. S. C. 40.

Whenever used in this Act, the word "person" includes one or more individuals, partnerships, associations, corporations, legal representatives, trustees, trustees in bankruptcy, or receivers. Sec. 7, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2039); 41 U. S. C. 41.

The provisions of this Act shall not be construed to modify or amend title III of the Act entitled "An Act making appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Departments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, and for other purposes," approved May 3, 1933 (commonly known as the Buy American Act), nor shall the provisions of this Act be construed to modify or amend the Act entitled "An Act relating to the rate of wages for laborers and mechanics employed on public buildings of the United States and the District of Columbia by contractors and subcontractors, and for other purposes," approved March 3, 1931 (commonly known as the Bacon-Davis Act), as amended from time to time, nor the labor provisions of title II of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, as extended, or of section 7 of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, approved April 8, 1935; nor shall the provisions of this Act be construed to modify or amend the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the diversification of employment of Federal prisoners, for their training and schooling in trades and occupations, and for other purposes," approved May 27, 1930, as amended and supplemented by the Act approved June 23, 1934. Sec. 8, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2039); 41 U. S. C. 42.

This Act shall not apply to purchases of such materials, supplies, articles, or equipment as may usually be bought in the open market; nor shall this Act apply to perishables, including dairy, livestock, and nursery products, or to agricultural or farm products processed for first sale by the original producers; nor to any contracts made by the Secretary of Agriculture for the purchase of agricultural commodities or the products thereof. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to apply to carriage of freight or personnel by vessel, airplane, bus, truck, express, or railway line where published tariff rates are in effect, or to common carriers subject to the Communications Act of 1934. Sec. 9, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2039); 41 U. S. C. 43.

If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any persons or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of the Act, and the application of such provisions to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. Sec. 10, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2039); 41 U. S. C. 44.

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This Act shall apply to all contracts entered into pursuant to invitations for bids issued on or after ninety days from the effective date of this Act: Provided, however, That the provisions requiring the inclusion of representations with respect to minimum wages shall apply only to purchases or contracts relating to such industries as have been the subject matter of a determination by the Secretary of Labor. Sec. 11, act of June 30, 1936 (49 Stat. 2039); 41 U. S. C. 45. Regulations for the administration of this section were prescribed by the Secretary of Labor under date of September 14, 1936 (F. R., Vol. I, No. 135).

Construction of naval vessels under act of May 17, 1938 (52 Stat. 403), is required to be in accordance with the provisions of this section, unless such course should be deemed by the President as not in the interest of national defense.

748. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 743, 744, ante.

749. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 743, ante. 750. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 743, ante. 751. For text of this section as published in the 1929 Edition, see 745, ante.

CHAPTER 13

FEDERAL COURTS

Supreme Court; reports, distribution, 752.
District courts; jurisdiction, 753.
Evidence:

Defendants in criminal cases, 754.
Copies of departmental records, 755.

Writing and records made in regular course
of business, 755a.

Transcript of records in suits against delinquents, 756.

Habeas corpus:

Power of courts, 757.

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Habeas corpus-Continued.

Power of judges, 758.

Conditions for issue of writ, 759.
Application for writ, 760.

Allowance and direction of writ, 761.

Time of return, 762.

Form of return, 763.

Body to be produced, 764.
Date for hearing, 765.
Hearing and disposition, 766.
Witness fees, 767.

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752. Supreme Court; reports, distribution.-The reports provided for in section 225 shall be printed, bound, and issued within eight months after said decisions have been rendered by the Supreme Court, and within said period the Attorney General shall distribute copies of said Supreme Court Reports as follows: * the Secretary War, * each assistant secretary of each of the executive departments, * ** * the Judge Advocate General of the Army; the Chief of Finance, War Department; the Military Acad* each one copy; emy at West Point, New York; to the law library of the Judge Advocate General of the Army, two copies; the Secretary of War for the use of the proper courts and officers of the Philippine Islands, seven copies; to the Secretary of War for military headquarters which now exercise or may hereafter exercise general court-martial jurisdiction, such number, not to exceed in time of peace twenty-five copies, as the Secretary of War may from time to time specify; Provided, That this Act shall not be construed so as to require that reports and digests printed prior to the date of approval of this Act shall be furnished to the Secretary of War for military headquarters. Sec. 227, act of Mar. 3, 1911 (36 Stat. 1154); sec. 3, act of July 1, 1922 (42 Stat. 816); act of June 12, 1926 (44 Stat. 736); act of Jan. 29, 1929 (45 Stat. 1145); 28 U. S. C. 334.

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An amendment to this section by section 5, Title III, act of June 20, 1936 (49 Stat. 1549), concerns only the number of copies of Supreme Court Reports to be furnished the Library of the Supreme Court and the Library of Congress.

753. District courts; jurisdiction.-The district courts shall have original jurisdiction as follows: * * *

Twentieth. Concurrent with the Court of Claims, of all claims not exceeding ten thousand dollars founded upon the Constitution of the United States or any law of Congress, or upon any regulation of an Executive Department, or upon any contract, express or implied, with the Government of the United States, or for damages, liquidated or unliquidated, in cases not sounding in tort, in respect to which claims the party would be entitled to redress against the United States, either in a court of law, equity, or admiralty, if the United States were suable, and of all set-offs, counterclaims, claims for damages, whether liquidated or unliquidated, or other demands whatsoever on the part

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