International Law: A Treatise, 1. sējums

Pirmais vāks
Longmans, Green and Company, 1920
 

Atlasītās lappuses

Saturs

The Romans
54
Development of the Law of Nations after Grotius
63
The period 18561874
75
The Science of the Law of Nations ВЕСТ PAGE 52 Forerunners of Grotius
98
Grotius
100
Zouche
103
The Naturalists
104
The Positivists
105
The Grotians
107
Treatises of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
109
The Science of the Law of Nations in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries as represented by Treatises
114
Collections of Treaties
118
Bibliographies
120
THE SUBJECTS OF THE LAW OF NATIONS
123
CHAPTER I
125
Conception of the State
126
Notfull Sovereign States
127
Divisibility of Sovereignty contested
129
Meaning of Sovereignty in the Eighteenth Century
131
Result of the Controversy regarding Sovereignty
133
Recognition of States as International Persons 71 Recognition a Condition of Membership of the Family of Nations
134
Mode of Recognition
135
Recognition under Conditions
136
Recognition timely and precipitate
137
American States
138
State Recognition in contradistinction to other Recognitions
139
Changes in the Condition of International Persons 76 Important in contradistinction to Indifferent Changes
140
Changes not affecting States as International Persons
141
Changes affecting States as International Persons
142
Extinction of International Persons
143
Composite International Persons
152
Vassal States
161
Vicarious in contradistinction to Original State Responsi
164
Protectorates outside the Family of Nations
168
Real and Fictional Parts of Territory
172
Switzerland
176
The former Papal States
182
African States
190
Asiatic States
191
CHAPTER II
192
Equality Rank and Titles
196
Legal Equality of States 116 Political Hegemony of Great Powers 117 Rank of States
200
The Alternat
201
Titles of States
202
Dignity
203
Conception and Character of Intervention
221
Intervention by Right
226
Admissibility of Intervention in default of Right
227
Intervention in the Interest of Humanity
229
The Monroe Doctrine
231
Merits of the Monroe Doctrine
233
Intercourse 141 Intercourse a Presupposition of International Personality
235
Consequences of Intercourse as a Presupposition of International Personality
236
PAGE 188
237
189
238
Jurisdiction on the Open Sea
239
CHAPTER III
242
Original and Vicarious State Responsibility
244
Essential Difference between Original and Vicarious Responsi bility
245
Subjects of International Delinquencies
246
State Organs able to commit International Delinquencies
247
No International Delinquency without Malice or Culpable Negligence
248
Objects of International Delinquencies
250
State Responsibility for Acts of State Organs 157 Responsibility varies with Organs concerned
251
Internationally Injurious Acts of Members of Government
252
Internationally Injurious Attitudes of Parliaments
253
Internationally Injurious Acts of Administrative Officials and Military and Naval Forces
255
Vicarious Responsibility for Acts of Private Persons relative
259
The Membership of the League
266
167e The Assembly
272
167h Various other Organs of the League
278
Reduction of Armaments
284
Defects and Merits of the Constitution of the League
291
CHAPTER I
305
178a Utilisation of the Flow of Rivers
321
183a The Kiel Canal
329
192
332
Navigation within the Belt
336
196
342
The Bosphorus and Dardanelles
350
198
360
Boundary Waters
361
201
362
202
363
Dignity a Quality 121 Consequences of the Dignity of States 122 Maritime Ceremonials 203
364
Conception of State Servitudes
365
Independence and Territorial and Personal Supremacy 123 Independence and Territorial as well as Personal Supremacy as Aspects of Sovereignty 20...
366
Object of State Servitudes
367
Different Kinds of State Servitudes
369
Supremacy
370
208
371
209
372
211
374
Original and Derivative Modes of Acquisition
375
213
376
Object of Cession
377
Form of Cession
378
Veto of Third Powers
380
Plebiscite and Option
381
Occupation
383
Conception of Occupation
384
Inchoate Title of Discovery
385
Notification of Occupation to other Powers
386
Protectorate as Precursor of Occupation
388
Spheres of Influence
389
Accretion 229 Conception of Accretion
390
Different Kinds of Accretion
391
Alluvions
392
Subjugation BECT PAGE 236 Conception of Conquest and of Subjugation
394
Subjugation in contradistinction to Occupation
395
Justification of Subjugation as a Mode of Acquisition
396
Consequences of Subjugation
397
Veto of Third Powers
399
Prescription 242 Conception of Prescription
400
Prescription how effected
401
Loss of State Territory 244 Six Modes of losing State Territory
403
Operation of Nature
404
Dereliction
405
CHAPTER II
407
Practical Expression of Claims to Maritime Sovereignty
409
Grotius Attack on Maritime Sovereignty
410
Gradual Recognition of the Freedom of the Open Sea
412
Conception of the Open Sea 252 Discrimination between Open Sea and Territorial Waters
413
Clear Instances of Parts of the Open Sea
414
The Freedom of the Open Sea 254 Meaning of the Term Freedom of the Open Sea
415
Legal Provisions for the Open Sea
416
Freedom of the Open Sea and War
417
Navigation and Ceremonials on the Open Sea
418
Rationale for the Freedom of the Open Sea
420
Jurisdiction on the Open Sea 260 Jurisdiction on the Open Sea mainly connected with Flag
421
Claim of Vessels to sail under a certain Flag
422
Ship Papers
423
Names of Vessels
424
Safety of Traffic on the Open Sea
425
Powers of MenofWar over Merchantmen of all Nations
428
How Verification of Flag is effected
430
How Search is effected
431
Shipwreck and Distress on the Open Sea
432
Fisheries in the Open
441
Telegraph Cables in the Open Sea permitted
447
CHAPTER III
456
Nationality
463
Modes of Acquiring and Losing Nationality BECT PAGE 297 Five Modes of Acquisition of Nationality
468
Acquisition of Nationality through Naturalisation
469
Acquisition of Nationality through Redintegration
471
Five Modes of losing Nationality
472
Naturalisation in especial
473
Socalled Right of Asylum
490
Position of Aliens after Reception 317 Aliens subjected to Territorial Supremacy
491
Aliens in Eastern Countries
493
Selfpreservation
494
Protection to be afforded to the Persons and Property of Aliens
495
How far Aliens can be treated according to Discretion
496
Departure from the Foreign Country
497
Expulsion of Aliens 323 Competence to expel Aliens
498
Just Causes of Expulsion of Aliens
499
Expulsion how effected
501
Extradition
502
Extradition no Legal Duty
503
Municipal Extradition Laws
506
Extraditable Crimes
508
Effectuation and Condition of Extradition
509
How nonExtradition of Political Criminals became the Rule
512
Difficulty concerning the Conception of Political Crime
515
The socalled Belgian Attentat Clause
516
The Russian Project of 1881
517
Rationale for the Principle of nonExtradition of Political Criminals
518
How to avoid Misapplication of the Principle of nonExtradition of Political Criminals
521
Reactionary Extradition Treaties
523
PART III
525
CHAPTER I
527
Recognition of Heads of States
528
Competence of Heads of States
529
Honours and Privileges of Heads of States
530
Sovereignty of Monarchs
531
The Retinue of Monarchs Abroad
533
Monarchs travelling Incognito
534
Monarchs in the Service or Subjects of Foreign Powers
535
SECT
539
Envoys Ceremonial and Political
545
Reception of Diplomatic Envoys
552
Envoys not to interfere in Internal Politics
558
Reason and Fictional Character of Exterritoriality
563
Immunity of Domicile
564
Exemption from Criminal Jurisdiction
568
Exemption from Subpœna as Witnesses
569
Exemption from Police
570
Exemption from Taxes and the like
571
Selfjurisdiction
572
Position of Diplomatic Envoys as regards Third States 397 Possible Cases
573
Limitation of Inviolability
574
Envoy found by Belligerent on Occupied Enemy Territory
576
Envoy interfering with Affairs of a Third State
577
Privileges of Members of Legation
578
Privileges of Private Servants
579
Privileges of Family of Envoy
580
Termination of Diplomatic Mission 406 Termination in contradistinction to Suspension
581
Accomplishment of Object of Mission
582
Promotion to a Higher Class
584
Constitutional Changes
585
Extinction of sending or receiving State
586
CHAPTER III
588
General Character of Consuls
590
Consular Organisation 420 Different Kinds of Consuls
591
Consular Districts
592
Qualification of Candidates
594
Consular Privileges
601
CHAPTER IV
607
Selfpreservation an Excuse for Violations 130 What Acts of Selfpreservation are Excused 131 Case of the Danish Fleet 1807
608
Occasions for Menofwar Abroad
613
133a American Punitive Expedition into Mexico 1916
614
Agents lacking Diplomatic or Consular Character
616
Public Political Agents
617
Spies
618
Commissaries
619
215
620
Commissions in the Interest of Navigation
621
Commissions in the Interest of Sanitation
623
Commissions in the Interest of Foreign Creditors
624
International Offices 463 Character of International Offices
625
International Telegraph Office
626
467a The PanAmerican Union
627
471a Agricultural Institute
628
471e Central Liquor Office
629
The Permanent Council
630
The Court of Arbitration
631
The Proposed International Prize Court and the Proposed International Court of Justice 476a The Proposed International Prize Court
634
PART IV
639
CHAPTER I
641
Purpose of Negotiation
643
End and Effect of Negotiation
644
Conception of Congresses and Conferences
645
Parties to Congresses and Conferences
646
Procedure at Congresses and Conferences
647
Transactions besides Negotiation 486 Different Kinds of Transaction
648
Declaration
649
Protest
650
Renunciation
651
CHAPTER II
652
Different Kinds of Treaties
654
Parties to Treaties 494 The Treatymaking Power
656
Treatymaking Power exercised by Heads of States or their Governments
657
Minor Functionaries exercising Treatymaking Power
658
Mutual Consent of the Contracting Parties
659
Freedom of Action of Consenting Representatives
660
Delusion and Error in Contracting Parties
661
Obligations of Contracting Parties only can be Object
662
Illegal Obligations
663
Acts Conventions Declarations etc
665
Parts of Treaties
666
Ratification of Treaties 510 Conception and Function of Ratification
667
Rationale for the Institution of Ratification
668
Ratification regularly but not absolutely necessary
669
Length of Time for Ratification
670
Refusal of Ratification
671
Form of Ratification
672
Ratification by whom effected
673
Ratification cannot be Partial and Conditional
674
Effect of Ratification
676
Effect of Treaties upon Contracting Parties
677
Effect of Changes in Government upon Treaties
678
Means of Securing Performance of Treaties 523 What Means have been in Use
681
Hostages
682
Guarantee
683
Good Offices and Mediation
684
Adhesion
685
Expiration and Dissolution of Treaties 534 Expiration and Dissolution in contradistinction to Fulfilment
686
Expiration through Resolutive Condition
687
Grounds of Voidance
694
Realisation of Purpose of Treaty other than by Fulfilment
695
Subsequent Change of Status of One of the Contracting Parties
697
War
698
Reconfirmation
699
Interpretation of Treaties 553 Authentic Interpretation and the Compromise Clause
700
Rules of Interpretation which recommend themselves
701
CHAPTER III
705
Final Act of the Vienna Congress
706
560
707
Declaration of St Petersburg
708
Treaty of Constantinople of 1888
709
General Act of the Brussels AntiSlavery Conference and the Conventions of St Germain
710
Two Declarations of the First Hague Peace Conference
711
Treaty of Washington of 1901
712
The International Air Convention
715
19141918
734
19181920
744
Newborn Islands 393
773
Consuls subordinate to Diplomatic Envoys 593
777
217
778
Withdrawal by Notice 687
779
VOL I
785
Presidents not Sovereigns 535
792
219
798
220
799

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International Law: A Treatise, 1. sējums
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Bibliogrāfiskā informācija

NosaukumsInternational Law: A Treatise, 1. sējums
International Law: A Treatise, Lassa Oppenheim
AutorsLassa Oppenheim
RedaktoriRonald Francis Roxburgh, Sir Ronald Roxburgh
Izdevums:3
IzdevējsLongmans, Green and Company, 1920
Oriģināls noKalifornijas universitāte
Digitalizēta19.2.2010
  
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