Madras as Major-General, and served under Sir Samuel Auchmuty at the capture of Java. For his services on this occasion, he received the thanks of Parliament. Sir Frederick was forty-one years on foreign service, MajorGeneral 1809, Lieutenant-General 1814, General 1837. He was appointed controller of the Duke of Kent's household, subsequently that of the Duchess, and extra groom in waiting to her Majesty.'

At his death in 1843, the General left a bequest of £100 to the local charities. Sir Frederick's eldest son, General Sir George Wetherall, G.C.B., after serving with distinction. abroad, became Governor of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He died in 1868. The second son, Colonel Charles Wetherall, of the 71st Highlanders, also lived in Ealing, where he was very popular. Rear-Admiral Frederick Augustus Wetherall, another son, who, with his wife, is buried at Perivale, had a distinguished career; and the youngest son, Captain John Wetherall, of the 41st Regiment, died at an early age, six weeks after the birth of his only child, Frederica Charlotte, who married Major McCrea. To the courtesy of this gentleman, we are indebted for the above particulars relating to this old Ealing family.

1 The little Princess Victoria presented her miniature, a lovely picture set with pearls, to Sir Frederick, on her sixth birthday.

CHAPTER XVIII.

Ealing and its Churches.

St. Mary's Reconstructed.-Description.-Memorial Gifts.-Bishop Jackson.-Antiquity of the Church Plate.-Christ Church.-A Generous Donor.-Memorial Windows.-Vicars.-Rev. J. S. Hilliard.-St. Saviour's Mission Church.-Foundation Stone Laid of Permanent Church.

T. MARY'S, the Parish Church, remained in its original plainness, a monument of Georgian ugliness, until the year 1866, by which time, Mr. Relton' writes, it had grown into a state, both internally and externally, that imperatively demanded the hand of reverent reformation, and this he determined to effect. "The whole Parish nobly and generously seconded his efforts, and the sum of nearly £20,000 has been spent from first to last upon the church." There was little or no outside help. Mr. Teulon was the architect whose skilful treatment elaborated out of the existing ungainly materials "a building", says Mr. Relton, "both admirably adapted for the purposes of a church and also possessing a character of surpassing beauty." Mr. Teulon having prepared a perspective view of the proposed altered interior, a photograph of the drawing was sent to the Bishop, who wrote back, "Mr. Teulon

1 The MS. of the late Rev. E. W. Kelton has afforded much valuable

help in the following description of St. Mary's Church.

2 A Ten Years' Retrospect, by the Vicar, the Rev. Dr. Oliver.

will be an enchanter if he is able to convert Ealing Church into anything like this." And the work completed, at the re-opening of the church, his lordship (Dr. Tait) spoke of the restoration as "the conversion of a Georgian monstrosity into a Constantinopolitan basilica."

Briefly, nothing remained of the fabric but the outside walls-it was found necessary to remove the roof and galleries, and to relay the floor. To begin with, the east wall was pierced with three large arches, the largest in the centre, leading into the chancel, which is raised two steps. The chancel, 30 ft. long, is divided by two bold arches on either side, into a centre, and north, and south aisles. From the north, project the vestries and organ chamber. The apse is a continuation of the centre aisle, and is raised three steps higher. It is lighted with five windows of double lights, representing scenes in our Lord's life. The apse is rich in decorations, and a conspicuous feature in the middle panel of the handsome reredos, which was an anonymous thank-offering, is a pure white marble. cross upon a ground of gold mosaic. The body of the church is literally transformed by buttresses added on either side between the windows, and which greatly aid the architectural effect, as they break the long bare outline of the exterior. They are constructed in their lower part as flying buttresses, and so admit of an ambulatory from end to end. The flanking wall which encloses these passages is lighted in each bay with a flat-headed mullioned window of four lights. The old windows of the upper tier have had a frame-work of stone, divided by a shaft pierced in the spandril with a trefoil, and a band of coloured brick. introduced. The lower windows were removed, and in their place are wide circular arches up to the floor of the galleries. The galleries have been rebuilt, and the columns supporting them being of cast iron, their comparative slenderness presents no obstruction to sight or sound. These are

carried up direct to the roof, which is upheld by them and the buttresses outside. From the capital of each iron column spring four wooden arches, reaching across, and from column to column. The interspaces are arcaded, and the whole framework of the roof presents the character of the open-framed timber roofs of the middle ages, sustained upon carved corbels of stone. The corbels were the

gift of Ealing residents.

An ingenious expansion of the ambulatory on the north side, and enlargement of the organ chamber into a circular projection, gave opportunity for great pictorial effect, by the introduction of a lofty arch, and a circular, or wheel window above, and a similar effect is obtained on the south side, by building out a semi-circular apsidal baptistery, roofed as a skeleton dome, and lighted with a semi-circle of extremely pretty little windows. Round the beautiful baptistery is a circular seat for sponsors and friends. The font stands immediately under the apex of the arch and bears the following tender inscription :-" This Font, from love of Christ and His little ones, was presented to the Church by Jane Margaret Walpole, who fell asleep, Sept. 6, 1874.” A brass tablet on the first arch of the south ambulatory records the gift of the baptistery, one of the fairest features in the church. It reads " To the glory of God, and as a memorial to the two families of Walpole and Perceval, this Baptistery was raised by Spencer Horatio Walpole and Isabella, his wife, A.D. 1866."

The Byzantine style of architecture is maintained in the introduction of coloured brickwork, which is made with great taste, and in the use of the pointed and returning or horseshoe arch. The five brass lamps in the chancel are copies of those hanging in St. Mark's, Venice, and were the gift of Miss Boddington. St. Mary's is rich in memorials of pious affection and gratitude. The windows especially are a record of love, and in connection with these, the name

of Mr. Thomas Boddington, formerly of Gunnersbury House, appears as a most generous donor.

An examination of the windows will show that a wisely conceived plan has been carried out in the selection of the subjects illustrated, whereby a sequence is maintained. Entering by the north door, the four windows, each of four lights, are descriptive of some of the earlier events recorded in Old Testament history. Over the organ chamber are three little windows, representing Symphony, Harmony, and Melody. Crossing to the baptistery, the centre one of the seven delicately-coloured windows pictures the Baptism of the Saviour, and the remaining six have reference to the promised Messiah. The four windows in the south ambulatory are filled with representations of Old Testament history, taken for the most part from the lives of the great prophets of Israel. In the chancel of the church, on either side of the apse, is a window of two lights, representing the Four Evangelists. These were the gift of Miss Perceval. The five windows in the apse illustrate events in the life of our Lord. The clerestory windows, given by the children of Ealing, are filled with angels singing the Song of the Lamb. On the south side of the chancel are two windows of four lights each, and in these appear the Eight Beatitudes; between these windows is a stone corbel, representing Christ blessing the little children. Up in the gallery, the five double windows of the north side represent certain of our Lord's parables. The first and second are unfilled. Those in the south gallery depict some of our Lord's miracles. The first is of considerable beauty and interest. It was put in by some of the old pupils of Great Ealing School, in memory of Dr. Francis Nicholas. The third has tender association for older parishioners. It is "To the glory of God, and in loving memory of the Rev. Edward William Relton, Vicar of this Parish, 1853-1886. This window was