the captain or master of said boat shall alone have the key.

7. Said inclosure or arrangements, shall admit a rise in the valve of at least one-fourth of the diameter of its seat.

8. The lever of said valve shall be so constructed as on the rising of the valve, to diminish the effect of the acting weight, by at least one-tenth of the ordinary pressure derived from said weight.

9. When two boilers, each of not more than forty inches diameter, are connected by a steam-pipe, each pair of said boilers may be furnished with safety valves, as described in this section, for a single boiler.

10. When the certified pressure provided in section fourth, does not exceed two atmospheres, each and every boiler shall be furnished with a mercurial-gauge, indicating by a float or rod, upon a duly graduated and marked scale, the excess of pressure within the boiler over atmospheric pressure, in inches of mercury.

11. Said gauge and scale shall be so placed as to be readily examined by any and every passenger on board of said boat.

12. Each and every boiler shall be provided with a fusible metal apparatus of suitable form and dimensions, to be applied to the boiler itself, or to its flues, at the place which may be considered that of greatest heat, or most liable to exposure from a deficient supply of water.

13. Said fusible metal shall be contained in a tube to prevent its exposure to pressure, and shall on softening, communicate an alarm by some suitable device.

14. Said apparatus shall be duly secured from being rendered ineffective, in the manner of the lock-up safety-valve heretofore provided.

15. The fusible metal hereinbefore referred to, shall be compounded by the inspector, who shall place it in the apparatus as aforesaid, and shall satisfy himself that the whole is duly arranged as heretofore prescribed; for which service he shall receive, on certifying the same, a compensation of

16. The said alloys shall be compounded according to the certified sure of steam within the boiler, by the following table of parts, by weight, of the ingredients.

TABLE OF ALLOYS FOR USE IN CLOSED TUBES, AND WITH A METALLIC STEM.

SEC. 6.-And be it further enacted, That before delivering the certificate hereinafter to be provided for, the inspector, heretofore provided, shall examine the apparatus required by section fifth, and shall ascertain that all the provisions of that article are complied with.

SEC. 7.-And be it further enacted, That any person or persons whatsoever who shall wilfully overload or otherwise render inoperative said safe

atmospheres.

ty-valve or valves, or render ineffective said mercurial-gauge or gauges, by plugging up or stopping off, or in any other manner preventing their action, or shall in any manner, impair,, or interfere, with the usefulness of said fusible metal apparatus, shall for every offence be subject to the penalty of- dollars, and to an imprisonment at the discretion of the court, not

9

to exceed and in case of accident to said steam-boiler, resulting from said offence, by which life is lost, shall be deemed to have been guilty of manslaughter, and punished according to law for said offence.

SEC. 8.-And be it further enacted, That not more than two boilers of a boat, or vessel, propelled in the whole or in part by steam, and those immediately contiguous, shall have connected water pipes, nor shall the license heretofore provided for, be issued until the inspector has satisfied himself, and has certified, that the provision of this section is complied with.

SEC. 9.-And be it further enacted,That for each and every bursting of the boiler of a steamboat or vessel propelled in the whole, or in part, by steam, which shall occur from a deposite of sedimentary matter within a boiler, the master of said vessel, shall forfeit the sum of -dollars; and that in case life shall be lost by the same, he shall de deemed to have been guilty of manslaughter, and shall be liable to prosecution accordingly.

SEC. 10.-And be it further enacted, That no boat or vessel propelled in the whole or in part by steam, shall be licensed until the inspector has certified on examination, that no part of the boiler of said boat is, ordinarily, directly exposed to flame, or to heated air from the draught, without the immediate contact of water.

SEC. 11.*And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the person who shall be called upon to inspect the boilers and machinery of any steamboat or vessel, in conformity to the provisions of this act, carefully, fully, and thoroughly, to inspect and examine the engine and machinery of said boat or vessel, and to state his opinion of their soundness: and he shall, moreover, provide himself with a suitable hydraulic pump, and, after examining into the state and condition of the boiler, or boilers, of said boat, or vessel, it shall be his duty to test the strength and soundness of said boiler, or boilers, by applying to the same a hydraulic pressure equal to three times the certified pressure which the boilers are to carry in steam; and if he shall be of opinion, after such examination and est, that the said machinery and boilers are sound and fit for use, he shall deliver to the owner or master of said vessel or boat, duplicate certificates to that effect, stating therein the age of said boilers, and the pressure of steam which may be carried by them, and which shall in no case exceed one-third part of the proof-pressure, one of which certificates it shall be the duty of said master or owner, to deliver to the collector or surveyor of the port, whenever he shall apply for license or for renewal of license: the other he shall, under a penalty of hundred dollars for every day that he shall neglect so to do while the boat is running, cause to be posted up and kept in some conspicuous part of the boat or vessel, for the information of the public; and for each and every inspection of the said machinery, and inspection and test of the said boiler or boilers, the said inspector shall be allowed and paid by the owner or master thereof, and before the delivery of said certificates, the sum of - dollars.

SEC. 12.†-And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the *Sec. 5 of the bill reported in the Senate of U. S. with slight verbal changes. From Sec. 6 of the law reported in the Senate of U. S., the period for making the inspections of the boilers, &c., is here proposed to be extended to six months. VOL. XVIII.-No. 6.-DECEMBER, 1836.

32

owners or masters of said boats or vessels, to cause the examination of the machinery, and the examination and test of the boilers, as provided in the sections of this act, to be made, at least, once in every six months; and to deliver to the collector or surveyor of the port where such boat or vessel, has been enrolled or licensed, the certificate of such inspection; and on failure thereof, he or they, shall forfeit the license granted to such boat or vessel, and be subject to the same penalty as though he had run the said boat or vessel, without having obtained such license.

SEC. 13.*-And be it further enacted, That whenever the master of any boat, or vessel, or the person, or persons, charged with the navigating said boat or vessel which is propelled in the whole or in part by steam, shall stop the motion, or headway, of said boat, or vessel; or the said boat or vessel, shall be stopped for the purpose of discharging, or taking in cargo, fuel, or passengers; he, or they, shall keep the engine of said boat, or vessel, in motion sufficient to work the pump, and give the necessary supply of water, under the penalty of. dollars for each and every offence in neglecting or violating the requirements of this section.

SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That no other than a practical mechanic who shall be of the age of twenty-one years, or upwards, shall have served two years in a steam engine factory, or general machine making establishment, and who shall have a thorough knowledge of the working of an engine, and shall produce satisfactory testimonials of steady habits, shall be employed as an engineer on board of any boat or vessel propelled in whole or in part by steam, provided that for every violation of this section, the owners or master of said boat or vessel shall forfeit the sum of dollars.

SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That for every explosion which shall happen from any cause whilst the captain, master, or engineer shall be engaged in gambling, or attending to any game of chance, or hazard, or shall be intoxicated, or which shall happen from racing, or from carrying higher steam than the quantity authorized by the certificate, the owner of such steamboat, or vessel, shall be subject to the penalties provided for in the sixteenth section of this act; and the captain, master, or engineer shall be respectively subject to the penalties hereafter provided in the seventeenth section of this act.

SEC. 16.§--And be it further enacted, That any owner or master, of any steamboat, or vessel propelled in the whole or in part by steam, who shall fail to obtain,or neglect to renew, the certificates of examination hereinbefore provided for in the several sections of this act, shall be barred from the recovery of any claim for freight or insurance that may accrue when without said certificate, and should any loss or damage to property, or injury to persons, in such case occur in consequence of the breaking of any part of the machinery, or bursting of the boiler or boilers, the owner shall be responsible to the full amount of said loss, damage, or injury.

SEC. 17. And be it further enacted, That the captain or master of any boat or vessel propelled in the whole or in part by steam, which may not

* From Sec. 7 of the bill reported in the Senate, &c.

The Committee propose this section as a substitute for the 16th section of the bill reported in the Senate. That section requiring an examination of engineers by the inspectors.

From Sec. 13th of the bill reported, &c.

§ From Sec. 11th of the bill, &c.

From Sec. 12 of the bill, &c.

have been examined, and obtained the certificates required by the several sections of this act, shall in the event of loss or damage to property, or injury to persons, occasioned by the breaking of any part of the machinery, or the bursting of the boiler, or boilers, be subject to a fine of not less than - nor more than dollars, and an imprisonment of not less than -; and that in event of loss of life being the result of such accident, then said captain, or master, shall be adjudged guilty of manslaughter.

nor more than

SEC. 18. And be it further enacted, That any boat or vessel propelled in the whole or in part by steam, which shall have its boilers upon the guards of the boat, and shall have between them, and the interior of the boat, or vessel, a sufficient bulwark of timber, or other suitable material, so that passengers shall be protected effectually from injury in the event of explosion, shall be, on a certificate to the foregoing effect from the inspector heretofore provided, exempted from the payment of fees for the taking out of the license of navigation, and shall have remitted one half of the fees for proving and for other purposes of precaution heretofore provided. The fees remitted in such case to be assumed and paid to the respective officers by the United States.

SEC. 19.*-And be it further enacted, That for any false certificate, or one given without the thorough examination contemplated by this act, the inspector herein provided shall be dismissed from office, and fined not lessthan dollars, nor more than dollars, and imprisoned not less than nor more than -; and shall be incapable of ever being re

appointed to said office.

SEC. 20.t-And be it further enacted, That all penalties, fines and forfeitures imposed by this act, may be sued for and recovered in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction within the district, or circuit, where the same may have been incurred, in the name of the United States-one half for the use of the informer, and the other half to the use and benefit of the United States.

Provided, That all suits, actions, or indictments instituted, commenced, or found, under this act, shall be commenced or found, within two years after the offence has been committed, or the cause of action accrued.

FOR THE JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE.

Description of a machine for Milling Coin, invented and introduced into the Mint of the United States. BY FRANKLIN PEALE.

For the purpose of reducing manual labour, and expediting the processes of the Mint, I was induced, during the latter part of the last year, to make designs for the construction of a Milling machine, to be propelled by the steam power ordinarily employed in the Mint, a model of which I had the honour to exhibit at one of the late conversation meetings of the Institute. From these designs and model, the machines to which this communication relates, have been most satisfactorily executed in the workshops of the Mint, and are now in full operation in the coining department.

* Sec. 17th of bill reported, &c.

† Sec. 18th of bill, &c., with the addition of the proviso at the close of the section.

To those who are unacquainted with Mint operations, it will be well to explain, that the operation of milling has for its object, to throw up a thickened edge upon the blanks or planchets, previous to their being struck, by which means a better border can be given to the coin, with less labour or injury to the dies, it is also, sometimes employed to impress letters or ornaments upon the edge of the coins.

A classical tripod, of cast-iron, supports the table on which are placed the feeding tubes and dies; through the centre of the stand a vertical shaft rises from the room beneath, on the lower end of which is a pulley and its band, furnished with a clutch box, by means of which, movement is given, or arrested, as occasion requires. A winch handle may be applied to the hexagonal top of the axis, for the purpose of adjustment, or to propel the machine, if required, by manual force.