TABLE 60.-Per cent of employees within each age group, by sex and general nativity and race-Continued.

The preceding table shows that 14.3 per cent of the employees reporting are from 14 to 19 years of age, 17.4 per cent are from 20 to 24, 16.1 per cent are from 25 to 29, 11.6 per cent are from 30 to 34, 20.4 per cent are from 35 to 44, 12.4 per cent are from 45 to 54, and 7.8 per cent are 55 years of age or over. Employees who were native-born of foreign father show considerably larger proportions who were from 14 to 19 than do the native whites born of native father or the foreign-born. The native whites born of native father show the highest percentage who were from 20 to 24, followed closely by the foreign-born. The foreign-born show the highest percentage of employees from 25 to 29, the native whites born of native father and the native-born of foreign father following. In the group showing employees from 30 to 34 and from 35 to 44, the foreignborn show the highest percentage, followed by native-born of foreign father. Of employees from 45 to 54 years of age, the native whites born of native father show the highest per cent, followed by nativeborn of foreign father and foreign-born. In the group of employees who are 55 years of age or over the native whites born of native father show the greatest proportion, followed by the foreign-born. The females show a higher percentage of persons from 14 to 19 and from 20 to 24 years of age than do the males, but the latter show a larger proportion who are 25 years of age or over.

CHAPTER VII.

GENERAL PROGRESS AND ASSIMILATION.

Ownership of homes-Status of children in the households studied-CitizenshipAbility to speak English-[Text Tables 61 to 70 and General Tables 45 to 51].

OWNERSHIP OF HOMES.

The accumulation of property is not only indicative of thrift on the part of the owner, but if the owner is a person of foreign birth it also exhibits a tendency toward permanent settlement in the United States. In this connection the following table is submitted, which shows, by general nativity and race of head of family, the number and percentage of families owning homes:

TABLE 61.-Number and per cent of families owning home, by general nativity and race of head of family.

Of a total of 269 families studied in the above table, 31.6 per cent own their homes. The foreign-born show a very slightly smaller proportion than the native-born. Of the several foreign-born races, the English, French, German, and Irish show somewhat larger proportions than the Hebrew, South Italian, and Slovak.

STATUS OF CHILDREN IN THE HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED.

The table next submitted is instructive as indicating the tendency on the part of the children in the families of employees of the glovemanufacturing industry to attend school or to go to work when the working age is reached. The table shows, by general nativity and race of individual, the percentage of children 6 and under 16 years of age, in the households studied, who were at home, at school, and at work.

Table 62.—Per cent of children 6 and under 16 years of age at home, at school, and at work, by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more children reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

Of the total of 212 individuals reporting in the above table, 93.9 per cent are at school, 3.3 per cent at work, and 2.8 at home. The foreignborn show a smaller proportion at school and larger proportions at home and at work than do the native-born of foreign father.

The following table shows, by general nativity and race of father, and by birthplace of child, the number and percentage of children 6 and under 16 years of age who were at home, at school, and at work:

TABLE 63.-Number and per cent of children 6 and under 16 years of age, at home, at school, and at work, by general nativity and race of father and by birthplace of child.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more children born in the United States and also 20 or more born abroad. The native-born of native father are shown for comparative purposes.]

The native-born of foreign father show a larger proportion at school and smaller proportions at home and at work than do the foreign-born. The native-born Hebrews show their entire number at school, while the native-born South Italians show 95.2 per cent at school and 4.8 per cent at home. The foreign-born Hebrews show 80 per cent at school, 12 per cent at home, and 8 per cent at work, while the foreign-born South Italians show 95 per cent at school and 5 per cent at work.

CITIZENSHIP.

The extent to which the employees of the glove-manufacturing industry have acquired citizenship, or have taken the preliminary steps, is indicated by the table next presented. This table shows, by race, the present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States five years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming to this country.

TABLE 64.-Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race. (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

Of the 81 males included in the preceding table, 44, or 54.3 per cent, are fully naturalized, and 25, or 30.9 per cent, have first papers only, leaving 14.8 per cent who are aliens.

The following table shows, by race of individual, the present political condition of foreign-born males in the households studied who have been in the United States five years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming:

TABLE 65-Present political condition of foreign-born males who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

Information secured from 141 individuals in the preceding table indicates that 67.4 per cent are fully naturalized and 11.3 per cent have first papers only, leaving 21.3 per cent who evinced no interest in citizenship. Of the several races for which computation was made, 100 per cent of the Irish are fully naturalized, while each other race shows a much larger proportion fully naturalized than having first papers only. No race, except the Irish, however, shows its entire number to be sufficiently interested in citizenship to have either taken out first papers or to have become fully naturalized.

ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH.

The extent to which the foreign-born glove-manufacturing employees and members of their households of non-English-speaking races are able to speak English is set forth in the following series of tables. The table following shows, by race, the percentage of persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English.

TABLE 66.-Per cent of persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all non-English-speaking races.]

In a total of 605 persons reporting complete data in the above table 96.4 per cent of the males and 87.8 per cent of the females speak English. The native-born of foreign father all speak English, while only 95.4 per cent of the males and 83.9 per cent of the females of foreign birth speak English. A larger proportion of the males than of the females of each race, except the French, all of whom speak English, have this ability.

The table next submitted shows, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English.